Institute of Chemistry
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Chiral mononuclear lanthanide complexes and the field-induced single-ion magnet behaviour of a Dy analogue
No full textThree pairs of homochiral mononuclear lanthanide complexes, with the general formula [LnH(4)L(RRRRRR/SSSSSS)(SCN)(2)](SCN)(2)center dot xCH(3)OH center dot yH(2)O(Ln = Dy (R/S-Dy-1), Ho (R/S-Ho-1) and Er (R/S-Er-1)), have been obtained via self-assembly between chiral macrocyclic ligands and the respective thiocyanates, all of which show a saddle-type conformation with seven-coordinated metal ions. Magnetic measurements revealed that the Dy complex shows field-induced single-ion magnet behaviour, which is rarely reported in a seven-coordinated lanthanide-based SIM encapsulated in a macrocyclic ligand. The absolute configuration of all enantiomers was determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography and confirmed by electronic CD and VCD spectra
Overcoming crystallographically imposed geometrical restrictions on the valence state of Eu in CaGdAlO4: realization of white light emission from singly-doped Eu phosphors
No full textWe demonstrate a strategy to manipulate the valence state of Eu in CaGdAlO4 based on breaking down geometrical restrictions on the activators. This strategy could promote the search for novel phosphors for white light emission diodes (WLEDs)
A label-free electrochemical impedance aptasensor for cylindrospermopsin detection based on thionine-graphene nanocomposites
No full textIt is important to develop methods to determine cylindrospermopsin (CYN) at trace levels since CYN is a kind of widespread cyanobacterial toxin in water sources. In this study, a label-free impedimetric aptasensor has been fabricated for detecting CYN. In this case, the amino-substituted aptamer of CYN was co-valently grafted onto the surface of the thionine-graphene (TH-G) nanocomposite through the crosslinker glutaraldehyde (GA). The reaction of the aptamer with CYN was monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy because the CYN induced conformation change of the aptamer can cause a remarkable decrease of the electron transfer resistance. Under optimum conditions, the aptasensor exhibits high sensitivity and a low detection limit for CYN determination. The CYN can be quantified in a wide range of 0.39 to 78 ng mL(-1) with a good linearity (R-2 = 0.9968) and a low detection limit of 0.117 ng mL(-1). In addition, the proposed aptasensor displays excellent stability, reusability and reproducibility
Toughening polylactide with polyether-block-amide and thermoplastic starch acetate: Influence of starch esterification degree
No full textNative corn starch was esterified with acetic anhydride and plasticized with glycerol to give the thermoplastic starch acetate (TPSA). TPSA was blended with polylactide (PLA) and polyether-block-amide-graft-glycidyl methacrylate (PEBA-g-GMA) to obtain biodegradable PLA/PEBA-g-GMA/TPSA blends with high notched impact resistance and low cost. Compared with PLA/PEBA-g-GMA blends, as much as 9 wt% expensive PEBA-g-GMA elastomer could be substituted by the slightly acetylated thermoplastic starch while retaining high impact strength. The mechanical properties depended on the esterification degree of starch acetate. The impact strength, tensile strength and elongation at break increased to the peak value with increasing the esterification degree from 0 to 0.04, thereafter they decreased on further increasing the esterification degree. The morphological results showed that the TPSA particles were smaller and more uniform at the optimum esterification degree of 0.04, leading to the peak value of the mechanical properties. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Toxicity mechanism of graphene oxide and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots in RBCs revealed by surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy
No full textThe study of the toxic effects of nanoparticles on biological systems at the molecular level is critical in order to gain a greater understanding of the origin of nanotoxicity. Recently, numerous forms of graphene materials have been synthesized and extensively applied in biosensors and biomedicine, but their toxicity has not yet been studied to the same extend, in particular the toxicity mechanism. In this work, we systematically studied the toxic effects of two typical graphene forms, graphene oxide (GO) and nitrogendoped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs), on red blood cells (RBCs) by testing their hemolytic activity, observing the morphological changes and detecting the ATP content of RBCs after being exposed to the two nanomaterials. The toxicity mechanism was further revealed by investigating the structural changes of RBCs lipid by surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy using model membranes. A detailed analysis of the infrared spectra revealed that the adsorption of GO destroys the integrity of a membrane by extracting the lipid bilayer, resulting in hemolysis and aberrant forms. In contrast, N-GQDs just disturb the structure and conformation of the lipid, resulting in only aberrant cells. To date, this is the first experimental study which has revealed the toxicity mechanism of graphene materials in RBCs at the molecular level
EGFP-Based Protein Nanoparticles with Cell-Penetrating Peptide for Efficient siRNA Delivery
No full textDevelopment of an innovative nucleic acid nanocarriers still represents a challenge. In this study, we develop a protein nanoparticle (H6-TatEGFP) and examine its siRNA condensing activity. Gel retardation assay show that protein nanoparticle can condense siRNA into stable nanoparticle/siRNA complexes. UsingCy3-labelled siRNA, we also evaluate siRNA transport characteristic of protein nanoparticles in tumor cells, the results indicate that H6-TatEGFP nanoparticle may be a potential nanocarrier for siRNA in tumor cells
Highly thermostable lanthanide metal-organic frameworks exhibiting unique selectivity for nitro explosives
No full textThree isostructural 3D metal-organic frameworks [Ln(L)(1.5)(DEF)](n) (Ln = Gd (1), Eu (2), Tb (3), H2L = 9,9-diethylfluorene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid) have been solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The main framework of compounds 1-3 show high thermal stability to 400 degrees C but with a distortion or shrinking of the crystal lattice between 200 degrees C and 250 degrees C. The high red emission intensity and the microporous instinct of the solvent-free [Eu(L)(1.5)](n) (2a) indicate that it can be potentially used as luminescent sensor. It was then applied in the detection of organic solvent molecules. Notably, it exhibits high sensitivity for 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) with K-sv constant 6.24 x 10(4) M-1 through luminescence quenching experiments
A robust and low-cost strategy to prepare Cu2ZnSnS4 precursor solution and its application in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) solar cells
No full textThe metal chalcogenides are excellent choices as absorbers and buffer-layers in thin film solar cells. Versatile chemical approaches provide endless possibilities to prepare metal sulfide precursor solutions. Recently, Cu2ZnSnS(Se)(4) thin films have played an important role in fabricating low-cost and high-efficiency solar cells. Here, we present a robust and low-cost 1,2-ethanedithiol/ethanolamine/2-methoxyethanol ternary solution process to prepare Cu2ZnSnS4 precursor solution and high-quality Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films. Low-cost Cu2O, ZnO and SnO are used as the raw materials, which can be easily dissolved in the 2-methoxyethanol solution of 1,2-ethanedithiol and ethanolamine at room temperature in air. By tuning the composition of the Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) thin film with a selenization process, an active-area power conversion efficiency of 7.34% has been achieved for Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) solar cell
Solvothermal synthesis of GO/V2O5 composites as a cathode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries
No full textHerein GO/V2O5 composites as a cathode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries are presented. Synthesized by the solvothermal reaction of vanadium oxytriisopropoxide (VOT) and graphene oxide (GO), the GO/V2O5 composites exhibit greatly enhanced electrochemical performances, and attained a high discharge capacity up to 178 mAh g(-1) at a rate of 0.2C
Nickel oxide nanosheets array grown on carbon cloth as a high-performance three-dimensional oxygen evolution electrode
No full textIn this communication, we demonstrate the development of nickel oxide nanosheets array on carbon cloth (NiO NA/CC) as an integrated three-dimensional oxygen-evolving electrode. The electrode exhibits high catalytic activity with an onset overpotential of 295 mV and a Tafel slope of 116 mV/dec. It needs an overpotential of 422 mV to drive current density of 10 mA/cm(2) and maintains its catalytic activity for at least 10 h. Copyright (C) 2015, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved