Institute of Chemistry
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A colloidal pseudocapacitor: Direct use of Fe(NO3)(3) in electrode can lead to a high performance alkaline supercapacitor system
No full textAn electrochemical system including functioned Fe(NO3)(3) and alkaline etrolyte is constructed to study the charge storage mechanism upon both thermodynamic calculations and electrochemical measurements. The thermodynamic calculation results demonstrate that increasing KOH concentration of alkaline electrolyte can enhance electrolyte activity but decrease the peak potential, which agrees well with that of electrochemical measurement. The present results indicate that the proposed pseudocapacitive redox reactions are between Fe3+ and Fe2+ in our salt electrode of Fe(NO3)(3) system, in which the solid Fe-3 in FeOOH colloids serves as the active anode component and free Fe3+ on the colloidal electrodes serves as the cathode component. The active central ions of Fe3+ in Fe(NO3)(3)center dot 9H(2)O can be fixed on the electrodes by the surrounding ligands (OH- and NO3-) and can be in-situ transformed into colloidal Fe4NO3(OH)(11) and goethite (alpha-FeOOH). Electrochemical results indicate that the current proposed colloidal pseudocapacitor system warrants the high-efficiency utilization of electroactive central Fe3+ ions, showing high energy density of 58.4 Wh/kg at the power density of 8.4 kW/kg as an anode material. Meanwhile, our designed pseudocapacitor system can function well as a supercapacitor cathode. This colloidal pseudocapacitor system can offer a facile and efficient route for the design of advanced supercapacitors. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
PdCo alloy nanoparticle-embedded carbon nanofiber for ultrasensitive nonenzymatic detection of hydrogen peroxide and nitrite
No full textPdCo alloy nanoparticle-embedded carbon nanofiber (PdCo/CNF) prepared by electrospinning and thermal treatment was employed as a high-performance platform for the determination of hydrogen peroxide and nitrite. The as-obtained PdCo/CHF were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were employed to investigate the electrochemical behaviors of the resultant biosensor. The proposed PdCo/CNF-based biosensor showed excellent analytical performances toward hydrogen peroxide (detection limit: 0.1 mu M; linear range: 0.2 mu M-23.5 mu M) and nitrite (detection limit: 0.2 mu M; linear range: 0.4-30 mu M and 30-400 mu M). The superior analytical properties could be attributed to the synergic effect and firmly embedment of well-dispersed PdCo alloy nanoparticles. These attractive electrochemical properties make this robust electrode material promising for the development of effective electrochemical sensors. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserve
Detecting total toxicity in water using a mediated biosensor system with flow injection
No full textA novel total toxicity detection method based on a mediated biosensor system with flow injection (MB-FI) was developed to rapidly and reliably detect respiration inhibitors (i.e., As2O3, KCN, salicylic acid (SA), 2,4-dintirophenol (DNP)) in water. The mediated biosensor toxicity assessment using microorganisms immobilized in calcium alginate filaments can greatly simplify the testing process and save time. In the MB-FI system, ferricyanide together with a respiration inhibitor was injected into the bioreactor, inhibiting the respiration of the immobilized microorganisms. The degree of inhibition was measured by determining the ferrocyanide generated in the effluent, expressed as the 50% inhibition concentration (IC50). The IC50 values for the four respiration inhibitors obtained using this method were comparable to those obtained using the classic method, confirming that this approach is an alternative alert method. More importantly, this constructed biosensor system with flow injection will facilitate the application and commercialization of this toxicity monitoring technology. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Ionic Liquids as Plasticizers for Polyelectrolyte Complexes
No full textUptake of salts by insoluble polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) leads to plasticization, and here it is shown that ionic liquids (ILs) are more effective plasticizers than simple organic salts such as NaCl. The PEC uptake of IL cation was monitored by solution H-1 NMR, and the mechanical impacts of plasticization were tracked by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). PECs prepared with polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) under charge stoichiometric conditions were immersed in aqueous solutions of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [BMIM][Cl] to cause IL uptake, which could be controlled by the solutions IL concentration: higher concentration leads to higher uptake which leads to greater plasticization. The effectiveness of plasticization was assessed through the position and height of a DMA tan(delta) peak ascribed to a glassy-to-rubbery PEC transition. Consistent with greater PEC uptake, isothermal titration calorimetry demonstrated that solution binding by PSS of [BMIM]+ was much stronger than binding of Na+
Polyaniline electrospinning composite fibers for orthotopic photothermal treatment of tumors in vivo
No full textA nanocomposite fabricated by electrostatic spinning, which incorporated polyaniline nanoparticles into poly(epsilon-caprolactone) and gelatin (PG), was used to form nanofiber fabrics. Polyaniline nanoparticles have a strong optical absorption at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths and can convert optical energy into thermal energy under 808 nm laser irradiation, allowing them to ablate tumor cells thermally. Pieces of the nanocomposite were surgically implanted into tumors in mice, and orthotopic photothermal therapy was performed. The experimental results in vivo suggested that polyaniline PG can inhibit tumor growth efficiently by converting optical energy into thermal energy to ablate tumor cells
一种表面电荷可转变的纳米凝胶及其制备方法以及一种表面电荷可转变的纳米凝胶载药颗粒
No full text本发明提供了一种表面电荷可转变的纳米凝胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤：A)将带有吗啉基团的引发剂与L-谷氨酸寡聚乙二醇单甲醚-N-环内酸酐溶解于有机溶剂中进行反应,得到混合溶液；B)将具有式(I)结构的化合物、具有式(II)结构的化合物与步骤A)得到的混合溶液混合,进行反应,得到反应液；C)将步骤B)得到的反应液与有机溶剂混合,过滤,得到表面电荷可转变的纳米凝胶；采用本发明提供的表面电荷可转变的纳米凝胶载药颗粒对人体无毒副作用,并且具有良好的水溶性、稳定性以及生物相容
一种水凝胶及其制备方法
No full text本发明提供了一种水凝胶,由载药颗粒、具有式II所示结构的改性壳聚糖、包括式III和式IV所示结构嵌段的聚-γ-谷氨酸星型嵌段共聚物、包括式V和式VI所示结构嵌段的聚-L-赖氨酸星型嵌段共聚物和溶剂制备得到；所述载药颗粒由具有式I所示结构的改性葡聚糖和药物制备得到。本发明提供的水凝胶是基于静电作用和席夫碱键交联的水凝胶,通过将物理静电作用和席夫碱键化学交联相结合,使本发明提供的水凝胶强度较高而且稳定性好,能够满足临床注射的要求,而且其中的载药颗粒作为化学交联剂,能够使水凝胶中药物缓慢释放,实现药物在病灶部位的靶向释放和富集,从而提高药物的治疗效果。本发明还提供了一种水凝胶的制备方法
双硼氮桥联联吡啶及用其制备的有机/高分子材料
No full text本发明涉及一种双硼氮桥联联吡啶及用其制备的有机/高分子材料,属于有机/高分子太阳能电池领域。本发明的目的是为进一步拓展受体材料体系,以经典的芘单元为出发点,发展新型的BN受体单元。本发明提供的双硼氮桥联联吡啶含有BN单元,使其具有多个优点：如平面化结构有利于材料分子进行有序的紧密堆积,提高材料载流子迁移率；BN配位作用具有强拉电子作用,有利于降低分子的能级；引入不同长度烷基链,有助于调节材料溶解性；具有功能化的反应位点,可以用于制备有机/高分子材料,应用在太阳能电池上,具有很好的应用前景
透明电极及其制备方法与应用
No full text本发明公开了一种透明电极及其制备方法与应用,属于透明电极技术领域。解决了现有技术中金属氧化物柔性电极不耐弯折并且导电性能较差的技术问题。该透明电极包括从下至上依次排列的柔性基底和导电层,导电层上刻蚀有金属网栅结构的凹槽,刻蚀深度至柔性基底的上表面,且金属网栅结构的凹槽中沉积有金属,沉积的金属形成金属栅极。该电极基本保持了透明电极在可见光区的透过率,降低了透明电极的表面电阻,在可见光区域的透过率为70％-85％,表面方阻为3Ω/□-12Ω/□；增加了透明电极的弯折性能,且透明电极在弯折之后也可以保持较好的导电性,本发明的透明电极经400次弯折表面方阻升高在10％以下,导电性基本没有下降
一种有机染料及其制备方法和应用
No full text本发明提供了一种有机染料及其制备方法和应用,所述有机染料具有式(I)结构或式(II)结构,通过将菲并咔唑和富电子噻吩单元并环,同时通过选择合适的取代基实现了分子能级的调控,进而使得本发明所述的有机染料应用于染料敏化太阳电池时,大大提高了其光电转化效率；同时,发明提供的制备方法的原材料来源丰富、成本低廉、可以实现工业化生产