Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy Of Sciences
Not a member yet
20118 research outputs found
Sort by
长江中游宜昌江段鱼类早期资源现状及水文影响条件
No full text为了解长江中游鱼类的早期资源现状, 2017年和2018年5-7月在长江干流宜都断面开展鱼类早期资源调查,采样网具包括弶网和圆锥网。调查期间共采集鱼卵21120粒和仔鱼2123尾。利用形态学和分子生物学等方法,鉴定鱼类5目9科37种。其中,鱼卵有29种,仔鱼有27种。2017年和2018年通过宜都断面的鱼卵径流量分别为124.45×10~8粒和101.07×10~8粒,优势种为四大家鱼和贝氏?(Hemiculter bleekeri);仔鱼径流量分别为16.43×10~8尾和8.29×10~8尾,优势种为贝氏?和寡鳞飘鱼(Pseudolanbuca engraulis)。根据发育期和流速分析,四大家鱼鱼卵来源于三峡大坝下游至宜都断面之间的产卵场,仔鱼来源于三峡大坝以上的产卵场。与2009-2010年相比, 2017-2018年通过宜都断面的鱼卵径流量增大了85.3%,尤其是四大家鱼的鱼卵径流量与2005-2012年相比增加了约13倍。冗余分析(Redundancy Analysis, RDA)结果显示,流量和流量日变化对产漂流性鱼卵密度有影响。研究结果表明, 2017-2018年仍有大量的鱼卵和仔鱼补充到长江中游江段。与历史数据相比,三峡大坝下游宜昌江段鱼类产卵规模有明显的增加,可能与长江中游四大家鱼亲鱼增殖放流和生态调度等保护措施的实施有关。为了更加有效地保护长江中游的鱼类资源,建议除了已经逐步实施的长江全面禁渔措施之外,还应恢复江湖连通,保护和修复长江中游河漫滩生境,继续开展重要经济鱼类亲本放流,以及开展生态调度
信号分子介导藻类细胞程序性死亡的研究进展
No full text藻类是水生态系统中的重要初级生产者,在物质转换和能量迁移过程中发挥重要作用。细胞程序性死亡(PCD)作为一种细胞自我调控的死亡模式,受到多种信号分子的控制。研究发现藻类细胞在遭受环境胁迫的情况下,在形态和生理上均表现出类PCD的特征,同时伴随着活性氧/一氧化氮/钙离子(ROS/NO/Ca~(2+))水平的变化。研究认为, ROS/NO/Ca~(2+)作为信号分子介导藻细胞内的caspase-like酶活性变化,从而触发藻细胞的类程序性死亡。然而,对信号分子是如何在环境胁迫下的藻类细胞中引发类PCD仍知之甚少。文章综述了信号分子ROS/NO/Ca~(2+)介导藻类类PCD的研究进展以及信号分子间的级联关系,并对今后类PCD在该领域待开展的研究进行了展望
甘草在水产养殖中的应用
No full text甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fiseh)因其具有调和诸药的特性,被誉为“百草之王”,是我国常见廉价药材,被应用于水产养殖。其有效成分主要是多糖、甙类、生物碱、有机酸和挥发油等。在水产养殖中,常见的甘草给药方法包括投喂、灌服、注射、浸泡以及泼洒等,用于水产动物的免疫调理、病害防治以及其他用途。然而,甘草在使用过程中也存在着一些问题,比如药材质量不稳定、使用方法较为粗放、规范化药方较少、命名和描述不够准确等。本文对甘草的渔用价值进行了综述
Unraveling enhanced membrane lipid biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii starchless mutant sta6 by using an electrospray ionization mass spectrometry-based lipidomics method
No full textThe unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii,a well-established model organism,has been widely used in dissecting glycerolipid metabolism in oxygenating photosynthetic organisms.In previous studies,it has been found that shunting carbon precursors from the starch synthesis pathway can lead to a 10-fold increase in TAG content as compared to the wild type,but it is unknown whether inactivation of AGPase may affect membrane lipids biosynthesis.The study aims to investigate global changes in lipid metabolism and homeostasis in the starchless mutant C.reinhardtii sta6.By utilizing an electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry(ESI/MS)-based lipidomics approach,a total of 105 membrane lipid molecules of C.reinhardtii were resolved,including 16 monogalactosyldiacylglycerol(MGDG),16 digalactosyldiacylglycerol(DGDG),11 phosphatidylglycerol(PG),6 sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol(SQDG),49 diacylglyceryl-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine(DGTS),2 phosphatidylethanolamine(PE),and 5 phosphatidylinositol(PI)molecules.The quantitative results indicated that the membrane lipid profiles were similar between the two C.reinhardtii strains grown under both low-and high-light conditions,but the cellular contents of a great number of lipids were altered in sta6 due to the defect in starch biosynthesis.Under low-light conditions,sta6 accumulated more PI,MGDG,DGDG but less amounts of DGTS as compared to WT.Under high light,sta6 cells contained higher content membrane lipids than cc-124,except for PG,which is more or less similar in both strains.Our results demonstrate that the cellular membrane lipid homeostasis underwent profound changes in the starchless mutant,and thereby its physiological impact remains to be explored
PELP1在胃癌中的致瘤作用
No full text目的探讨谷氨酸-脯氨酸-亮氨酸富集蛋白1(proline-,glutamic acid-,and leucine-rich protein 1,PELP1)在胃癌中的生物学功能及临床意义。方法通过生物信息学方法分析PELP1在胃癌中的表达,并在胃癌细胞系和胃癌临床样本中予以验证,Kaplan-Meier生存分析探讨PELP1表达与胃癌患者生存预后的关系。以siRNA敲降胃癌细胞AGS中的PELP1表达,以CCK-8实验、平板克隆形成实验、EdU细胞增殖实验检测细胞增殖活性;流式细胞术测定细胞周期;细胞划痕实验、Transwell小室检测细胞迁移、侵袭能力。Western blot和qRT-PCR检测敲降PELP1表达的AGS细胞中Src-Erk通路信号分子表达情况。结果PELP1在胃癌组织中表达相对较高,生存分析显示PELP1高表达的患者生存期更短;敲降PELP1表达后的胃癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭等恶性生物学行为均受到抑制;敲降PELP1表达的AGS细胞,其Src-Erk通路关键信号分子c-Src、PI3K和Erk的表达均降低。结论PELP1在胃癌的发生发展中起致瘤作用,可能是胃癌潜在的治疗靶点。</p
Experimental Investigation of Chlorella vulgaris and Enterobacter sp. MN17 for Decolorization and Removal of Heavy Metals from Textile Wastewater
No full textThe present study evaluated the performance of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in an Enterobacter sp. MN17-assisted textile industry wastewater treatment system for decolorization, removal of heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Pb, and Cd), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Different dilutions (5, 10, and 20%) of wastewater were prepared to decrease the pollutant toxicity for culturing microalgae and bacteria. Reduction of color, COD, and metal contents by microalgal treatment of wastewater varied greatly, while removal efficiency (RE) was significantly enhanced when endophytic bacterial strain MN17 inoculum was applied. Most notable, results were found at a 5% dilution level by Enterobacter sp. MN17-inoculated C. vulgaris medium, as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) concentrations were decreased from 1.32 to 0.27 mg L-1 (79% decrease), 0.79-0.14 mg L-1 (93% decrease), 1.33-0.36 mg L-1 (72% decrease), and 1.2-0.25 mg L-1 (79% decrease), respectively. The values of COD and color were also significantly decreased by 74% and 70%, respectively, by a C. vulgaris-Enterobacter sp. MN17 consortium. The present investigation revealed that bacterial inoculation of microalgae significantly enhanced the removal of coloring agents and heavy metals from textile wastewater by stimulating the growth of algal biomass. This study manifested the usefulness of microalgae-bacterial mutualism for the remediation of heavy metals, COD, and color in industrial effluents. Microalgae consortia with growth promoting bacteria could be a breakthrough for better bioremediation and bioprocess economy. Thus, further studies are needed for successful integration of microalgae-plant growth promoting bacterial (PGPB) consortium for wastewater treatments
Combined Effects of Allelopathic Polyphenols on Microcystis aeruginosa and Response of Different Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters
No full textPolyphenols are allelochemicals secreted by aquatic plants that effectively control cyanobacteria blooms. In this study, sensitive response parameters (including CFPs) of Microcystis aeruginosa were explored under the stress of different polyphenols individually and their combination. The combined effects on M. aeruginosa were investigated based on the most sensitive parameter and cell densities. For pyrogallic acid (PA) and gallic acid (GA), the sensitivity order of parameters based on the EC50 values (from 0.73 to 3.40 mg L-1 for PA and from 1.05 to 2.68 mg L-1 for GA) and the results of the hierarchical cluster analysis showed that non-photochemical quenching parameters [NPQ, q(N), q(N(rel)) and q(CN)] > photochemical quenching parameters [YII, q(P), q(P(rel)) and q(L)] or others [F-v/F-m, F'(v)/F'(m), q(TQ) and UQF((rel))] > cell densities. CFPs were not sensitive to ellagic acid (EA) and (+)-catechin (CA). The sensitivity order of parameters for M. aeruginosa with PA-GA mixture was similar to that under PA and GA stress. The quantitative (Toxicity Index, TI) and qualitative (Isobologram representation) methods were employed to evaluate the combined effects of PA, GA, and CA on M. aeruginosa based on cell densities and NPQ. TI values based on the EC50 cells suggested the additive effects of binary and multiple polyphenols, but synergistic and additive effects according to the EC50 NPQ (varied from 0.16 to 1.94). In terms of NPQ of M. aeruginosa, the binary polyphenols exhibited synergistic effects when the proportion of high toxic polyphenols PA or GA was lower than 40%, and the three polyphenols showed a synergistic effect only at the ratio of 1:1:1. Similar results were also found by isobologram representation. The results showed that increasing the ratio of high toxic polyphenols would not enhance the allelopathic effects, and the property, proportion and concentrations of polyphenols played an important role in the combined effects. Compared with cell densities, NPQ was a more suitable parameter as evaluating indicators in the combined effects of polyphenols on M. aeruginosa. These results could provide a method to screen the allelochemicals of polyphenols inhibiting cyanobacteria and improve the inhibitory effects by different polyphenols combined modes
Inland blue holes of The Bahamas - chemistry and biology in a unique aquatic environment
No full textWhile lake systems in temperate regions have been extensively studied, tropical and subtropical systems have received less attention. Here, we describe the water chemistry and biota of ten inland blue holes on Andros Island, The Bahamas, representative of the morphological, abiotic, and biotic variation among Androsian inland blue holes. The majority of the studied blue holes were vertically stratified with oxic freshwater overlying anoxic saline groundwater of marine origin. Water chemistry (e.g. total phosphorus and nitrogen) in shallow waters was similar among blue holes, while turbidity and water color varied. Presence of hydrogen sulfide and reduced iron in and below the halocline indicate reducing conditions in all stratified blue holes. The biota above the halocline was also similar among blue holes with a few taxa dominating the phytoplankton community, and the zooplankton community consisting of copepods and rotifers. The Bahamas mosquitofish (Gambusia hubbsi) was present in all investigated blue holes, often accompanied by other small planktivorous fish, while the piscivorous bigmouth sleeper (Gobiomorus donnitor) was only present in some of the blue holes. Our field study reinforces that inland blue holes are highly interesting for biogeochemical research, and provide naturally replicated systems for evolutionary studies
密西西比河干流大坝建设对鱼类的影响及保护措施
No full text如何减轻大坝阻隔对鱼类等水生生物的影响以及制定有效的恢复措施一直是河流生态保护的主要内容。文章通过文献调研、资料收集等方式对美国密西西比河干流大坝建设状况及其对鱼类的影响进行梳理,总结了当前美国所采取的相关保护措施和效果。统计结果显示,密西西比河干流共建有梯级闸坝41座,均分布在干流的上游,多数大坝坝高不超过15 m,库容小于0.3 km~3。这些弱调蓄能力的低水头坝阻隔了密西西比河鱼类洄游,但目前仍未修建过鱼设施。相关研究证实,密西西比河洄游性鱼类可以利用泄水闸门完成上行和下行,但过鱼效率随着大坝梯级的递增逐级下降,尤其是鲟类,仍难以抑制其种群的衰退。受长期蓄水影响,密西西比河上游鱼类群落产生了空间分化,但仍保持着较高的物种多样性。1986和2000年,美国分别实施了上密西西比河生态系统环境管理计划(UMRS-EMP)和上密西西比河生态恢复和维持策略(UMRS-RMS),采用渔业资源长期监测计划(LTRMP)及9项栖息地修复措施,从生态系统层面保障了密西西比河鱼类资源的持续稳定。这种系统性修复方式可为我国筑坝河流鱼类资源保护与河流生态修复提供参考和示范
黏土矿物蛭石在环保领域的研究与应用
No full text我国蛭石资源丰富、分布广泛。作为一种常见的吸附材料,蛭石具有质量轻、比表面积大、离子交换能力强、吸附容量大、生态友好、成本低等优点,广泛应用于环保等领域。综述了蛭石在水处理、土壤修复与改良、空气净化和固体废弃物处理等方面的研究和应用现状,并对存在的问题进行了分析、对其发展前景进行了展望。</p