Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy Of Sciences
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The circular RNA CDR1as regulate cell proliferation via TMED2 and TMED10
No full textBackgroundCircular RNAs (CircRNAs) are biologically active RNAs. CDR1as is one such circRNA previously reported to be a microRNA-7 (miR-7) sponge, thereby regulating associated gene expression. The specific underlying molecular mechanisms of CDR1as biology, however, remain largely unknown.MethodsWe performed CDR1as knockdown in order to explore its function in cell proliferation, migration, the cell cycle, and tumorigenesis. We further employed quantitative proteomic analyses and associated bioinformatics strategies to globally assess CDR1as-regulated proteins (CRPs). Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to validate the proteomic results. We additionally investigated a specific link between TMED2, TMED10, and miR-7 via a dual-luciferase reporter system, and generated CDR1as knockout cell lines via CRISPR/Cas9 editing.ResultsWe identified 353 proteins dysregulated upon CDR1as knockdown in 293T cells. These CRPs were found to interact with one another and to play key roles in certain cellular pathways. Two such proteins, TMED2 and TMED10, were found to specifically contribute to the influence of CDR1as on cell proliferation. CDR1as may regulate these two TMED proteins through miR-7 sponging. We were able to further confirm these results using both CRISPRi cell lines and nude mouse models.ConclusionThis study suggested that CDR1as may regulate cell proliferation via serving as a miR-7 sponge, thereby regulating TMED2 and TMED10 expression. These results are an invaluable template for future streamlined studies of circRNAs
Seasonal changes in metacommunity assembly mechanisms of benthic macroinvertebrates in a subtropical river basin
No full textUnraveling the ecological factors that control variation in local community structure in space and time is fundamental to metacommunity ecology. In this scenario, environmental filtering and spatial processes are recognized as important drivers of community assembly, yet their relative importance is anticipated to vary for biological communities in different seasons, network positions and organisms with distinct dispersal modes. In this study, we used a dataset (macroinvertebrate communities and environmental variables) collected in different seasons from the Ganjiang River in China to test the above ideas. We divided the whole metacommunity in each season into mainstream communities, tributary communities, strictly aquatic dispersers and aquatic/aerial dispersers, and subsequently used variation partitioning to examine the relative contribution of environmental and spatial factors separately for the overall and decomposed components of the metacommunity. Our results showed that both environmental filtering and spatial processes were important drivers of variation in community structure, yet their explanatory powers varied considerably among seasons. Environmental filtering was the primary driver of metacommunity organization in most scenarios, while the effects of spatial processes surpassing environmental filtering occurred only sporadically. For communities in different network positions, tributary communities were structured by both strong environmental filtering and profound effects of spatial processes via dispersal limitation. However, communities in mainstream sites were mainly determined by environmental filtering, and the effects of spatial processes were almost negligible. Moreover, environmental filtering was clearly more important for aquatic/aerial dispersers, while spatial processes were more influential for strictly aquatic dispersers. We thus concluded that environmental filtering, spatial processes, network position and dispersal mode can interact to regulate metacommunity organization of riverine macroinvertebrates. Considering that the relative contribution of these factors varied among seasons, we strongly uphold the idea that community ecology research should go beyond one-season snapshot surveys in river networks. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
一株红假单胞菌的分离及生理特性研究
No full text光合细菌在水处理和水生态修复领域应用前景广阔,对其生理特性研究具有重要价值。从武汉东湖分离得到一株不产氧光合细菌PUF1,通过对菌落形态、细胞超微结构、特征吸收光谱以及系统发育等分析,初步确定为红假单胞菌属(Rhodopseudomonas sp.)紫色非硫光合细菌。PUF1细胞呈直的或稍弯曲的杆状,长3.05-10.06 μm,直径0.32-0.68 μm,具有片层膜结构。PUF1培养物呈深紫红色,主要色素为细菌叶绿素a (Bchl. a)和类胡萝卜素。初始pH 6.0-8.0,光照强度500-3000 lx,稳定期细菌生物量无显著差异,但培养液pH>8.0会显著抑制PUF1最大光量子产量(F_v/F_m)。试验进一步研究了细菌不同生长阶段粗蛋白含量、ATP酶(ATPase)活性及F_v/F_m的变化规律。结果表明, PUF1不同生长阶段其蛋白含量有所差异,以稳定期为最高(>60%),而ATPase活性随培养时间的延长而逐渐降低。此外, PUF1光合作用与其生长状态也有一定的关系,具体表现为细菌生长周期内F_v/F_m变化规律适用单峰高斯模型,且以对数期F_v/F_m为最高。研究结果可为光合细菌生理生化特性研究提供重要的参考依据。</p
根系分泌物介导的根际效应及在水体生态修复中的应用潜力
No full text文章主要以根系分泌物为核心,综述了根系分泌物的分类、发生机理及影响因素;围绕着植物-土壤-微生物三者的关系,阐述了根系分泌物介导的植物与植物之间的化感作用、植物与根际微生物之间的协同作用以及植物微生物相互作用对土壤物质循环的影响。水生植物以其生境的特殊性和功能的不可替代性,对沉积物污染物去除和水体生态修复产生显著的影响。在水体生态问题较为严峻的今天,充分认识水生植物根系分泌物介导的根际过程将为水生植物生态学和水体生态修复领域的发展提供基础,并为学科应用潜力的开发提供依据。</p
蛭态轮虫中国新记录种及其研究展望
No full text轮虫动物门蛭态亚纲轮虫由于其严格的孤雌生殖和低湿休眠特性而成为吸引各领域学者研究的重要类群。研究对2018年在珠海万山群岛采集的苔藓样品进行观察,发现蛭态轮虫中国新记录种环颈敖突轮虫Otostephanos torquatus Bryce, 1913。目前国内缺少对该蛭态轮虫的详细形态描述,文章通过对该种的形态观察以及咀嚼器扫描电镜拍摄,阐述环颈敖突轮虫的主要分类特征。该物种重要分类依据为内腔里含有食物泡,轮盘带有特殊环状结构,上唇裂片呈三角形及裂片高度低于头冠高度,咀嚼器齿式7/7。通过检测该轮虫的CO Ⅰ序列,与基因库中已有同科同属相似种的CO Ⅰ基因序列聚类对比,证明了该种属于敖突轮属的遗传位置。相较于其他国家对蛭态轮虫的研究成果及其在进化研究中的重要地位,我国学者应该加强对蛭态轮虫的研究探索
Dissecting the Vesicular Trafficking Function of IFT Subunits
No full textIntraflagellar transport (IFT) was initially identified as a transport machine with multiple protein subunits, and it is essential for the assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of cilium/flagellum, which serves as the nexus of extracellular-to-intracellular signal integration. To date, in addition to its well-established and indispensable roles in ciliated cells, most IFT subunits have presented more general functions of vesicular trafficking in the non-ciliated cells. Thus, this review aims to summarize the recent progress on the vesicular trafficking functions of the IFT subunits and to highlight the issues that may arise in future research.</p
Global CO2 emissions from dry inland waters share common drivers across ecosystems
No full textMany inland waters exhibit complete or partial desiccation, or have vanished due to global change, exposing sediments to the atmosphere. Yet, data on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from these sediments are too scarce to upscale emissions for global estimates or to understand their fundamental drivers. Here, we present the results of a global survey covering 196 dry inland waters across diverse ecosystem types and climate zones. We show that their CO2 emissions share fundamental drivers and constitute a substantial fraction of the carbon cycled by inland waters. CO2 emissions were consistent across ecosystem types and climate zones, with local characteristics explaining much of the variability. Accounting for such emissions increases global estimates of carbon emissions from inland waters by 6% (0.12 Pg C y(-1)). Our results indicate that emissions from dry inland waters represent a significant and likely increasing component of the inland waters carbon cycle.</p
Edwardsiella piscicida type III protein EseJ suppresses apoptosis through down regulating type 1 fimbriae, which stimulate the cleavage of caspase-8
No full textThe type III secretion system effector EseJ plays a regulatory role inside bacteria. It suppresses the adherence of Edwardsiella piscicida (E. piscicida) to host epithelial cells by down regulating type 1 fimbriae. In this study, we observed that more macrophages infected with Delta eseJ strain of E. piscicida detached as compared with those infected with the wild-type (WT) strain. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) staining and cleaved caspase-3 examination revealed that the detachment is due to increased apoptosis, suggesting that EseJ suppresses macrophage apoptosis. However, apoptosis inhibition by EseJ is not relative to a type III secretion system (T3SS) and is not related to EseJ's translocation. Since EseJ negatively regulates type 1 fimbriae, murine J774A.1 cells were infected with Delta eseJ Delta fimA or Delta eseJ Delta fimH strains. It was demonstrated that Delta eseJ stimulates macrophage apoptosis through type 1 fimbriae. Moreover, we found that infecting J774A.1 cells with the Delta eseJ strain increased levels of cleaved caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3, demonstrating that EseJ inhibits apoptosis through either an extrinsic or a combination of extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Pre-treatment of macrophages with caspase-8 inhibitor prior to infection with the Delta eseJ strain decreased the levels of cleaved caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3, indicating that the Delta eseJ strain stimulates apoptosis, mainly through an extrinsic pathway by up regulating type 1 fimbriae. Zebrafish larvae or blue gourami fish infected with the Delta eseJ strain consistently exhibited higher apoptosis than those infected with the E. piscicida WT strain or Delta eseJ Delta fimA strain. Taken together, we revealed that the T3SS protein EseJ of E. piscicida inhibits host apoptosis, mainly through an extrinsic pathway by down regulating type 1 fimbriae.</p
Zebrafish cyp11c1 Knockout Reveals the Roles of 11-ketotestosterone and Cortisol in Sexual Development and Reproduction
No full textAndrogen is essential for male development and cortisol is involved in reproduction in fishes. However, the in vivo roles of cortisol and specific androgens such as 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) in reproductive development need to be described with genetic models. Zebrafish cyp11c1 encodes 11 beta-hydroxylase, which is essential for the biosynthesis of 11-KT and cortisol. In this study, we generated a zebrafish mutant of cyp11c1 (cyp11c1(-/-)) and utilized it to clarify the roles of 11-KT and cortisol in sexual development and reproduction. The cyp11c1(-/-) fish had smaller genital papilla and exhibited defective natural mating but possessed mature gametes and were found at a sex ratio comparable to the wildtype control. The cyp11c1(-/-) males showed delayed and prolonged juvenile ovary-to-testis transition and displayed defective spermatogenesis at adult stage, which could be rescued by treatment with 11-ketoandrostenedione (11-KA) at certain stages. Specifically, during testis development of cyp11c1(-/-) males, the expression of insl3, cyp17a1, and amh was significantly decreased, suggesting that 11-KT is essential for the development and function of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells. Further, spermatogenesis-related dmrt1 was subsequently downregulated, leading to insufficient spermatogenesis. The cyp11c1(-/-) females showed a reduction in egg spawning and a failure of in vitro germinal vesicle breakdown, which could be partially rescued by cortisol treatment. Taken together, our study reveals that zebrafish Cyp11c1 is not required for definite sex differentiation but is essential for juvenile ovary-to-testis transition, Leydig cell development, and spermatogenesis in males through 11-KT, and it is also involved in oocyte maturation and ovulation in females through cortisol
The plasticity of vision and body development of turbotScophthalmus maximuslarvae Under different light spectra
No full textThis study was aimed to find out the effect of five light spectra (white, LDW; blue, LDB; green, LDG; red, LDR and yellow, LDY) on the visual development and growth performance of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae. The number (per 100 mu m) of cone cells, outer nuclear cells, ganglion cells, the ratio of outer nuclear to cone and ganglion cells, lens diameter and the minimum separable angle were determined. Variations in growth performance in total length, body mass and body colour were also examined. The results showed that the LDB group underwent metamorphosis faster than did the other groups and attained the greatest total length, body mass and light sensitivity. The LDB group also completed the body colour variation prior to the other groups. The LDG group exhibited a high mortality rate since 25 dph (days post-hatching). We arrived at the conclusions that the spectra could affect the vision and body development of turbot larvae specifically and the blue light had the enhancing efficiency during this process, followed by the white and yellow light. The red light imposed an inhibiting effect on these variations. Our study highlighted the significance of light condition and provided the reference for the farming