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The Complex Framing of Feminism in Online Articles from The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
Get PDFThis study investigates how CBC frames feminism in their online news content. Two research questions guide this inquiry. First, when does feminism become newsworthy to CBC? Second, how is feminism framed in online news articles from CBC? Both content analysis and critical discourse analysis are employed to answer these questions. The analysis is conducted using framing theory as the primary theoretical approach. This research builds upon the foundational work of Kaitlynn Mendes on the framing of feminism in print newspapers that largely assessed whether coverage was positive or negative in nature. While drawing inspiration from this literature, this project adds a novel perspective by examining both an online and Canadian context. One hundred and fifty news articles relating to feminism were collected from CBC’s website for analysis. Results reveal the overall theme of complexity and the frames of controversy/containment and diversity/intersectionality which define how CBC represents feminism. These results demonstrate the positive-negative binary does not accurately summarize how feminism fares in CBC News content. Instead, we are left with both a complex image of feminism as a social movement and a complex framing of feminism by CBC organised around the frames of controversy/containment and intersectionality/diversity. This framing characterises the manner in which CBC supports feminism but also contains it within certain boundaries. Overall, this work adds to the existing literature on feminism in the news and augments our understanding of how feminism is not only viewed by, but fashioned, shaped, and moulded in our society by trusted and powerful media sources
Adolescents' Retributive and Restorative Orientations in Response to Intergroup Harms in Schools
No full textThis mixed-methods study examined how adolescents understand and evaluate different ways to address intergroup harms in schools. In individual interviews, 77 adolescents (M age = 16.49 years; 39 girls, 38 boys) in Bogotá, Colombia responded to hypothetical vignettes wherein a rival group at school engaged in a transgression against their group. Adolescents reported that students who were harmed should and would talk to school authorities, but also noted they would likely retaliate. In terms of teacher-sanctioned responses to harm, youth endorsed compensation most strongly, followed by apologies, and rated suspension least positively. Youths’ explanations for their endorsement of different disciplinary practices reflected varied concerns, including their perceptions of how justice is best achieved and how restoration could be attained
Policing hip hop: Police and Other Agents of Control in Montreal Night Clubs
Get PDFPolicing hip hop:
Police and Other Agents of Control in Montreal Night Clubs
Anthony Mclachlan
Hip hop has been a part of urban spaces in the Global North and abroad for quite some time. It began in the predominantly Black South Bronx in 1973. Since then, it has spread across the United States and is arguably the most commercially successful genre of music currently existing. Through the four elements of hip hop – graffiti, breakdancing, DJing, and rapping – Black American youth conveyed their life experience to a broader public. Almost immediately after that was a response by law enforcement to contain this Black expressive artform. This research examines how hip hop is policed in Montreal nightclubs. Focusing on the actions of the police, club bouncers, and other club staff, it reveals the various methods and logics that shape the nightclub environment on hip hop nights, as well as the differences between the policing of Black and white hip hop nights. The findings suggest that anti- blackness in Montreal and Quebec forges imagined associations between Black hip hop artists and fans and street gangs, suturing a perceived relationship between Black hip hop and criminality that invites and justifies excessive policing and a confined public experience for Black Montrealers
It Starts and Ends with Globalization: Understanding the Philippines’ Nationalistic Art Education
Get PDFAt the time of this study, there was very little literature dealing with the implications of Philippine art education under the nationalistic Makabayan Curriculum. Although it was meant to be nationalistic on paper (Bernardo & Mendoza, 2009), how were art classes implemented under this curriculum and how did it impact its former learners- whether they are now professional artists, art teachers, or laymen? Using case study as research approach (Stake, 1995; Crewell, 2013) and a mixed methodology of survey and interviews, the following research aims to address such questions to better understand how schools can structure their art curricula to better serve students going into tertiary art programs or artistic professions. The survey covers a broad population and investigates Philippine Nationalistic Art Education on a macro scale through the lens of Elliot Eisner’s Classification of Three Curricula (1985) and Allan Glatthorn’s Learned Curriculum (1987). Meanwhile, the interview with artist-teachers presents Philippine art education on a micro-level, through them, I have identified three pairs of emergent themes: Mimesis vs. Authenticity, Superficiality vs. Depth, and Past vs. Future. Finally, I shall be synthesizing these themes with the interview results and the artist-teachers’ perspectives, to discern what an ideal art education should look like in this era of ever-increasing professional opportunities for artists, thanks to greater internet accessibility and globalization
The effects of polyethylene microplastics on the growth, behaviour and cognition of juvenile convict cichlids
Get PDFMicroplastics, plastic particles between 0.0001 and 5 mm in diameter, are ubiquitous in the environment and are known to be consumed by organisms, leading to a variety of adverse effects. Our current study focused on identifying the effects of microplastic consumption on the growth, foraging and competitive interactions of juvenile convict cichlids (Archocentrus nigrofasciatus) and its effects on their behavioural decision making. We manipulated the levels of microplastic consumption among cichlids by feeding them brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) exposed to different concentrations of virgin polyethylene microspheres. Cichlids were exposed to microplastics for 10 days, during which we analyzed their foraging behaviour and competitive aggression during days 1, 6 and 10 of the experiment. Additionally, we measured their growth by mass. Following the 10-day exposure, we measured exploratory behaviour in a simple maze trial by quantifying latency to exploration, maze completion and shoaling. We performed the maze trial across two days and assessed differences in these metrics to make inferences on their learning ability. Initially, we found no impacts of microplastic exposure on foraging rate, growth, and competitive aggression. In contrast, we found significant effects on exploratory behaviour and maze performance. Fish exposed to microplastics exhibited higher latency to exploration, lower rates of maze completion and a larger change in their behaviour on the second day. Our current results show that virgin polyethylene microplastics at non-lethal levels have consequences on cichlid behaviour and cognition but not growth
Development of climate-based indices for assessing the hygrothermal performance of wood frame walls under historical and future climates
Get PDFIt is generally understood that the average temperature of the earth is increasing, resulting in an increased number of extreme events. To assess the impact of climate change on the durability of the building envelope, a commonly used method is to use hygrothermal modeling tools to perform simulations. The hygrothermal response varies depending on the location, material properties, type of wall assemblies, etc., and hence proper inputs are required. In general, indicator based on simulation results indicates the moisture risk. However, to obtain this indicator and considering different situations, a large number of simulations are required. This research thus focused on developing a climate-based index that can give a range of expected performance of the wall without performing the simulations.
Firstly, different existing climate-based indices were computed and correlated with the performance indicator to quantify the risk. The purpose is to see if any existing climate-based indices can lead to accurate risk assessment and the analysis showed that none of these indices lead to reliable risk assessment. Thus, a machine learning algorithm, Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression was used to develop a new climate-based index. Three cities from different climate zones across Canada and two wall claddings were considered for model development. For each city and future projected climate, the index was calculated, and correlated with the performance indicator to quantify the risk. PLS modeling technique proves to be an effective way in predicting the hygrothermal response and to improve computational efficiency. A PLS model was developed for a brick cladding wall and the model was applied to other wall types and a larger climate range (15 runs of data with each run having 31 years of historical and future climate data). The results showed that the moisture risk increases in the future periods for all three cities and wall claddings and a similar performance was noted for different climate runs. The predicted results from the meta-model can be used as a screening measure to limit the number of simulations to cases where the predicted hygrothermal performance is above a certain threshold set by the user
Co-regulation between mothers and children over time and in different risk contexts
Get PDFThis dissertation explored the development and outcomes of mother-infant co-regulation of communication in low- and at-risk dyads. Interactions between mothers and their children were observationally coded for co-regulation when children were 6-, 12-, 18-, and 48-months-old based on their level of engagement and contribution to the interaction. Further information was gathered about parenting stress, demographics, and children’s internalizing and externalizing symptoms (at 4 and 7 years of age).
The participants in both studies comprised three groups of mother-infant dyads with varying levels of risk. They included the low-risk full-term group, the at-risk very low birthweight (VLBW)/preterm group, and the psycho-socially at-risk group whose mothers had childhood histories of adversity. In both studies, free-play interactions between mothers and their infants were coded for patterns of co-regulation.
Longitudinal results from multi-level modelling in Study 1 indicated that for low- and at-risk groups, dyads generally became increasingly synchronous and less asynchronous over time. However, VLBW/preterm boys whose mothers reported higher levels of parenting stress interacted more asynchronously over time. In contrast, psycho-socially at-risk dyads whose mothers reported more parenting stress interacted less asynchronously over time.
The interaction of co-regulation and parenting stress and its association with children’s internalizing and externalizing symptoms in early and middle childhood were explored in Study 2, using moderation analyses. Results showed that co-regulation had different moderating effects in low- and at-risk groups. Among low-risk dyads who engaged in more asynchronous patterns of co-regulation, parenting stress was associated with more child internalizing symptoms. However, among both groups of at-risk dyads who engaged in low levels of asynchronous patterns of co-regulation, parenting stress was associated with more child internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Further investigation of the psycho-socially at-risk group in middle childhood revealed that this moderation effect extended longitudinally.
Findings from both studies are discussed in the context of Dynamic Systems (Fogel, 1993) and Transactional Models (Sameroff, 2009) approaches to social-emotional development. These results make significant contributions to our understanding of co-regulation in adverse circumstances and highlight its contribution to fostering healthy parent-child relationships. Importantly, this dissertation underscores consideration of context in the development of co-regulation
Navigating the bilingual cocktail party: Interference from background speakers in listeners with varying L1/L2 proficiency
Get PDFCocktail party environments require listeners to tune in to a target voice while ignoring surrounding speakers (maskers), which could present unique challenges for bilingual listeners. Our study recruited English-French bilinguals to listen to a male target speaking French or English, masked by two female voices speaking French, English, or Tamil, or by speech-shaped noise. Listeners performed better with first language (L1) than second language (L2) targets, and relative L1/L2 proficiency acted like a categorical rather than a continuous variable with respect to speech reception threshold (SRT) averaged over maskers. Further, listeners struggled the most with L1 maskers and struggled the least with Tamil maskers. The results suggest that the balanced bilinguals have a slight disadvantage with L1 targets but compensate with a larger advantage with L2 targets, compared to unbalanced bilinguals. This positive net result supports the idea that being a balanced bilingual is helpful in speech-on-speech perception tasks in environments that offer substantial exposure to L2
The Use of High-Velocity Air Fuel for Solid-State Additive Manufacturing
Get PDFTi-6Al-4V components used extensively in aero engines are prone to damage. When a part is damaged, it can be repaired or replaced. Compared to replacing, repairing methods such as solid-state additive manufacturing processes are more cost-efficient. Among solid-state additive manufacturing methods, cold spray (CS) is more promising because it fabricates samples at high deposition rates without oxidation or phase transformation. Using CS, it is possible to manufacture samples with low porosity levels; however, the existing pores that result from insufficient deformation of the solid-state particles adversely affect the mechanical properties. To enhance sample density, particle deformation should be increased by thermally softening them during deposition. As cold spray cannot deposit particles at elevated temperatures, this thesis proposes using high-velocity air-fuel (HVAF) as a solid-state additive manufacturing technology.
The numerical analysis reveals that through the thermal softening effect, particle deformation will increase by elevating the deposited particle temperature. This allows a denser structure to be fabricated. Nevertheless, the increase in particle deformation does not necessarily indicate better particle adhesion to the substrate. In order for the particle and substrate to adhere better, both the particle and the substrate oxide layer need to be broken and ejected. Particle and substrate oxide layer failures depend on particle velocity and temperature and particle velocity and substrate temperature, respectively.
The inner-diameter HVAF process (ID-HVAF) has been used as a solid-state deposition technique. Results showed that increasing nozzle length and air/fuel pressure enhanced the velocity of in-flight particles and the density of as-sprayed Ti-6Al-4V coatings. Using the spraying conditions that produced the densest coating, the ID-HVAF process was used to fabricate four-mm thick Ti-6Al-4V samples. Heat treatment was required to enhance the mechanical properties of the samples by transforming the brittle α-Ti phase into the more deformable β-Ti phase. Applying heat treatment decreased porosity from 1.18% to 0.98%. Lastly, the results show vanadium oxide presence in both as-fabricated and heat-treated samples. Oxygen content measurements revealed 1.6 wt% oxygen in both samples. This acts as an α-phase stabilizer and negatively affects the hardness of heat-treated samples
Revelation as Reclamation: How Apocalypse Literature Promotes Indigenous Futurity.
Get PDFThe apocalyptic genre presents a space to imagine alternatives to the governance of settler-colonialism, providing possibilities for Indigenous reclamations of land and culture. Apocalypse literature allows Indigenous writers to unveil mechanisms of settler-colonialism that dismantle attempts at Indigenous sovereignty. I will be situating Waubgeshig Rice’s Moon of the Crusted Snow, Cherie Dimaline’s The Marrow Thieves, and Louise Erdrich’s Future Home of the Living God to pre-existing thematics of the Christian apocalyptic tradition which these Indigenous authors simultaneously draw upon and dismantle by applying them to Indigenous contexts. I will be utilizing Bernard McGinn and Richard K. Emmerson’s heuristic of the vertical (divine) and horizontal (historical) poles of apocalyptic modes of representation as a framework to demonstrate how these three novels work as apocalyptic texts and unveil aspects of settler-colonial modernity (Emmerson and McGinn 7). Apocalyptic literature unveils hidden secrets that deal with time and divinity that could unravel the fabric of society. Similarly, the Indigenous apocalyptic novels surveyed here move backwards through time to reveal hidden mechanisms of settler-colonial power that are used and reused to disregard Indigenous bodies, perspectives, and sovereignties. The dismantling of these mechanisms in the apocalyptic space allows for Indigenous characters to reclaim their connection with their cultures and territories