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Enhancing Histopathology Image Generation with Diffusion Generative Models: A Comprehensive Study
Get PDFThe field of histopathology faces significant challenges due to the limited availability of data, which is often not publicly accessible due to privacy issues. The scarcity of high-quality publicly available datasets hampers the development and training of effective deep learning models. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have previously attempted to address these issues by creating synthetic data but suffer mode collapse, which reduces their effectiveness and reliability. This study explores Diffusion Generative Models (DGMs) as a unique and robust alternative for generating synthetic pathology images.
The primary objective of this study is to compare various Diffusion Generative Models (DGMs) and methods in medical imaging. Specifically, we examine the Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM) and the Latent Diffusion Model (LDM), along with other generative sampling choices. Both models demonstrated the ability to generate realistic histopathological images. We also investigated DGMs from a unique perspective by generating various patch sizes, demonstrating that DGMs effectively learn patch resolution.
We analyzed the impact of DGMs on different magnifications in the KGH dataset, focusing on image patches of 224x224 and 336x336 pixels. Larger patches (336x336) showed better performance, with real data achieving 94.06% accuracy and generated data 92.44%. However, combining real and generated data slightly reduced accuracy to 90.76%. For 224x224 patches, real data achieved 89.95%, generated data 88.62%, and combined data improved to 90.75%. These results indicate that synthetic data enhances model performance, particularly with larger image patches.
In computational pathology, generative models can enhance data sharing and augmentation, improving the accuracy of deep learning classifiers, and assisting in the cancer diagnosis workflow, thereby advancing digital pathology. Our research findings confirm this and set the stage for future developments in the pathology workflow
Vibrant Rock, Earth, and iPhone: Disrupting Extractivism in the Work of Marcela Armas and François Quévillon.
Get PDFAs new extractive frontiers emerge in the Anthropocene, this thesis examines the way artworks by Mexican artist Marcela Armas and Canadian artist François Quévillon intervene in the capitalist paradigms, worldviews, and technologies that enable the extraction and exploitation of nature, mineral resources, and human labour. Tsinamekuta, 2016-2021, by Armas stands as a defence against mining practices on Indigenous land in Mexico, and revolves around a magnetic mineral called pyrrhotite and its radical potential to hold Earth memory. Esker/Lithium, 2019-2024, by Quévillon enters an iPhone into dialogue with a controversial prospecting lithium mine in Quebec, and considers the way novel forms of extraction emerge within digital, technological, and information-saturated environments. These artworks cultivate an ecology of practices that navigate assemblages of technologies, extractive zones, and environments across varied topographies of power. The theoretical foundation for this thesis draws from Elizabeth Povinelli’s concept of geontopower, Jason Moore’s inquiry into capitalism as an earth-moving and environment-making process, Vanessa Watt’s Place-Thought, and Franco “Bifo” Berardi and Jean Baudrillard’s ideas around semiocapitalism and simulacrum, amongst other authors. These thinkers investigate the climatic and social catastrophe of our epoch and challenge the ways in which dominant strategies of power dictate relations to nonhuman entities and to nature. This thesis thus explores what it means to be attentive to, become-with, and form alliances with different forms of existence through artistic practice, offering ways to move forward within the precarious and challenging times known as the Anthropocene
La musicothérapie en soutien aux enfants vivant un trauma complexe : une revue exploratoire de la littérature
Get PDFDe nombreuses recherches ont été effectuées sur le trauma et ses conséquences sur le développement des enfants. Le trauma peut atteindre directement leur quotidien, mais aussi la relation de confiance avec l’adulte. La musicothérapie peut être bénéfique pour les enfants ayant un diagnostic de trauma complexe en offrant des approches et interventions personnalisées dont le Trauma-Informed Music Therapy (TIMT). Cependant, il existe peu de recherches dans cette spécialisation en comparaison avec les autres domaines professionnels en santé mentale. Ce mémoire décrit l’état de la littérature scientifique entre 2017 et 2023 sur les interventions priorisées en musicothérapie auprès d'enfants de 6 à 12 ans ayant vécu des traumas complexes. Pour ce faire, la recherche dans ce domaine a été répertoriée à l'aide d'une méthodologie de revue exploratoire. La littérature a été analysée et synthétisée dans le but de recenser les informations les plus récentes sur le sujet. Les résultats ont démontré qu’il y avait peu de recherche sur la musicothérapie auprès des enfants ayant vécu des traumas complexes et qu'il existerait un lien entre le manque d’études sur ce sujet et le peu de musicothérapeutes se spécialisant dans ce domaine. Les limites de la recherche et implications pour la recherche, la pratique, la formation et la justice sociale sont présentées
Hydrogel Toughening Strategies for Tissue Mimicking Materials
Get PDFHydrogels are a class of material that have garnered a great deal of attention across the domain of tissue engineering as potential candidates for tissue mimicking materials. Their softness and customizability make them very versatile in their applications and allows their specific properties to be optimized based on the intended applications. This thesis explores the viability of hydrogels as tissue mimicking materials. First, a comprehensive literature review introduces the mechanical properties of the soft tissues around the knee, specifically skin, muscles, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage. This chapter also outlines different strategies used to improve the performance of hydrogels in mimicking the soft tissues around the knee, which is the biggest joint in the human body. Next, the experimental section of the thesis outlines the development of a hydrogel using solvent exchange and annealing. This chapter discusses the improved compressive mechanical properties of the developed hydrogel, as well as the impacts of glycerol and thermal annealing on the hydrogel
Parity Paradox: A Case Study on the Barriers Women Continue to Face Post-Parity
Get PDFIn 2000, following decades of underrepresentation of women in politics, France implemented robust gender quota laws for National Assembly elections that required parties to nominate fifty percent men and fifty percent women. The laws were celebrated for guaranteeing gender parity in access to office. Despite increases in women’s representation with each election following the implementation of the parity law, the two most recent elections have shown no progress. Despite these quota laws in France, women’s representation in legislatures remains similar to other democracies. I seek to understand what barriers exist for women accessing political office, specifically in the National Assembly. I examine France’s unique historical legacy of the exclusion of women from politics and the importance of the concept of the universal citizen. I also delve into issues and gaps within the legislation itself. A lack of placement mandates and other factors can tempt parties to defect from following the law’s obligation. I also find that cultural factors, such as childcare obligations and depictions of women in the media, affect women’s equal access to political office. Using a combination of historical analysis, institutionalism, and a cultural lens, I conclude that the parity laws in France are not a sufficient condition for equality in access to National Assembly office. There are still significant barriers – both in the law itself, and from cultural and historical legacies - that affect women’s equal representation in French politics
Quantum Intelligence in Penrose's Space-Time Geometry and Its Relation to Non-Human Intelligence Contacts and Human Immortality: An Alternative to the Orch-OR Model
Get PDFThe Orch-Or model cannot explain the reason for the observation of non-human intelligence contacts by dying or comatose patients, and furthermore, it ignores the immortality of human beings. Therefore, a new model is presented to answer all questions and find a solution for human immortality. In this model, intelligence is a quantum particle that by acceleration of a photon in every spark; comes from the black and white box regions of curved space time of Penrose's diagram and by connecting to particles; makes them intelligent. Like the Higgs boson, which binds to particles and gives them mass. The basic intelligence of every human enters our space-time region when the primary cell is born and remains free even after death. Free intelligences interact with the brain and penetrate into the brains of the patient and induce non-human intelligence contacts. On the other hand, the brains of healthy people do not have empty space to store information of free intelligence due to high activity, and therefore healthy people do not see non-human intelligence. This model not only explains the reason for the contact with non-human intelligence for dying patients, but also provides solutions for the treatment of incurable diseases by finding rogue intelligences in the human body
Au delà du public et du privé : les communs
Get PDFTémoignage paru dans Les Clés du dialogue hiérarchique (2e édition). L'auteur partage comment sa compréhension des Trois Contrats a évolué depuis qu'il a pu l'expérimenter en 2009, et le rôle que cette méthodologie qui transforme la relation « leaders / collaborateurs » peut jouer dans l’amélioration de notre « vivre ensemble ».
Sections : Apprendre à marcher ensemble ? Activités de co-création de technologies libres en santé. Les ressources méconnues du collectif. Au delà du public et du privé : les communs. Se recréer et créer ensemble un monde de rêve
Quantitative Research Methods for the Applied Human Sciences
Get PDFA user-friendly introduction to quantitative research methods for those in the helping profession
Colombian Youths’ Reasoning About Retributive and Restorative Justice in the 2016 Peace Accord: Associations with Trust
No full textThis study investigated Colombian adolescents’ evaluations and expectations about different solutions to seeking justice in the aftermath of group-based harms and how their judgments of solutions were associated with self-reported levels of trust. In individual interviews, 74 adolescents (M age = 16.48 years; 36 girls, 38 boys) in Bogotá, Colombia were presented with scenarios depicting two forms of group harm (involving damage to infrastructure and loss of life) based on events relevant to the Colombian armed conflict. For each scenario, adolescents rated the desirability and likelihood of five solutions (apologies, compensation by the FARC, compensation by the government, punishment, and a combination of compensation and punishment). Participants also completed a questionnaire assessing their general levels of trust. Compensation by the FARC and the government were more strongly endorsed in the context of damage to infrastructure, whereas punishment was endorsed more in response to loss of life. Youth also expected compensation by the FARC to be more likely to occur for damage to infrastructure, while they believed punishment was more likely for loss of life. Higher levels of trust were associated with support for restorative solutions, particularly in response to loss of life. Youths’ open-ended justifications for their evaluations of different solutions to address the harms reflected varied concerns, including their perceptions of how to meet the needs of victims and communities, ensure accountability for the harms committed, and achieve revenge
The effect of Prefrontal cortex specific knockout of Bmal1 on mood-like and alcohol binge drinking behavior in male and female mice
Get PDFThe circadian rhythm, regulated by clock genes, plays a pivotal role in regulating physiological and behavioral processes, including mood regulation and alcohol consumption. Despite significant advancements in understanding the interplay between circadian dysregulation and affective disorders, the specific role of Bmal1 within the prefrontal cortex on modulating mood-like behaviors and alcohol binge drinking is not fully understood. This research aims to address this gap by investigating the effects of selectively deleting Bmal1 in the prefrontal cortex on these behavioral outcomes in male and female mice. Female Bmal1 knockout mice exhibited reduced depressive-like behaviors and heightened anxiety-like behaviors. This contrasted with male counterparts where no significant alterations in mood-related behaviors were observed. This study provides new perspectives into the role of Bmal1 in the prefrontal cortex in affective behavior and alcohol binge drinking male and female mice, emphasizes the importance of considering sex-specific responses