Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Guiding growth orientation of two-dimensional Au nanocrystals with marine chitin nanofibrils for ultrasensitive and ultrafast sensing hybrids
No full textWe demonstrate that marine chitin nanofibrils are able to modulate the growth direction of two-dimensional Au nanocrystals from nanoribbons, nanokites to nanosheets. The mechanism investigation reveals that deacetylation and exfoliation of chitin nanofibrils are essential to template directional growth of Au nanocrystals. The tight adhesion of chitin nanofibrils on the Au surface enables the design of functional hybrids as ultrafast and ultrasensitive responsive devices for humidity and pressure. Interestingly, the humidity responsive device shows an abrupt increase in resistance of up to 3 orders of magnitude with a tiny variation of relative humidity from 62% RH to 63% RH, and was capable of precisely sensing speech. As a conductive filler, only 0.09 vol% gold nanoribbons are able to append to tissue paper with a sheet resistance of up to 220 Omega sq(-1), which can be used as a frequently-used pressure-sensing device. These sensing hybrids are highly promising in smart clothing and electronic skins
Carbon materials derived from chitosan cellulose cryogel supported zeolite imidazole frameworks for potential supercapacitor application
No full textIn order to promote sustainable development, green and renewable clean energy technologies continueto be developed to meet the growing demand for energy, such as supercapacitor, fuel cells and lithium-ion battery. It is urgent to develop appropriate nanomaterials for these energy technologies to reducethe volume of the device, improve the efficiency of energy conversion and enlarge the energy storagecapacity. Here, chitosan/cellulose carbon cryogel (CCS/CCL) were designed and synthesized. Through theintroduction of zeolite imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) into the chitosan/cellulose cryogels, the obtainedmaterials showed a microstructure of ZIF-7 (a kind of ZIFs) coated chitosan/cellulose fibers (CS/CL). Aftercarbonizing, the as-prepared carbonized ZIF-7@cellulose cryogel (NC@CCL, NC is carbonized ZIF-7) andcarbonized ZIF-7@chitosan cryogel (NC@CCS) exhibited suitable microspore contents of 34.37% and 30%,respectively, and they both showed an internal resistance lower than 2 . Thereby, NC@CCL and NC@CCSexhibited a high specific capacitance of 150.4 F g−1and 173.1 F g−1, respectively, which were much higherthan those of the original materials. This approach offers a facile method for improving the strength andelectronic conductivity of carbon cryogel derived from nature polymers, and also efficiently inhibits theagglomeration of cryogel during carbonization in high temperature, which opens a novel avenue for thedevelopment of carbon cryogel materials for application in energy conversion systems
Amplification of near-infrared fluorescence in semiconducting polymer nanoprobe for grasping the behaviors of systemically administered endothelial cells in ischemia treatment
No full textDGE-seq analysis of MUR3-related Arabidopsis mutants provides insight into how dysfunctional xyloglucan affects cell elongation
No full textOur previous study of the Arabidopsis mur3-3 mutant and mutant plants in which the mur3-3 phenotypes are suppressed (xxt2mur3-3, xxt5mur3-3, xxt1xxt2mur3-3 and 35Spro:XLT2:mur3-3) showed that hypocotyl cell elongation is decreased in plants that synthesize galactose-deficient xyloglucan. To obtain genome-wide insight into the transcriptome changes and regulatory networks that may be involved in this decreased elongation, we performed digital gene expression analyses of the etiolated hypocotyls of wild type (WT), mur3-3 and the four suppressor lines. Numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in comparisons between WT and mur3-3 (1423), xxt2mur3-3 and mur3-3 (675), xxt5mur3-3 and mur3-3 (1272), xxt1xxt2mur3-3 and mur3-3 (1197) and 35Spro:XLT2:mur3-3 vs mur3-3 (121). 550 overlapped DEGs were detected among WT vs mur3-3, xxt2mur3-3 vs mur3-3, xxt5mur3-3 vs mur3-3, and xxt1xxt2mur3-3 vs mur3-3 comparisons. These DEGs include 46 cell wall-related genes, 24 transcription factors, 6 hormone-related genes, 9 protein kinase genes and 9 aquaporin genes. The expression of all of the 550 overlapped genes is restored to near wild-type levels in the four mur3-3 suppressor lines. qRT-PCR of fifteen of these 550 genes showed that their expression levels are consistent with the digital gene expression data. Overexpression of some of these genes (XTH4, XTH30, PME3, EXPA11, MYB88, ROT3, AT5G37790, WAG2 and TIP2;3) that are down-regulated in mur3-3 partially rescued the short hypocotyl phenotype but not the aerial phenotype of mur3-3, indicating that different mechanisms exist between hypocotyl cell elongation and leaf cell elongation. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserve
Cultivation of microbes from the deep-sea environments
No full textThe deep-sea environment has rich microbial resources, and these resources have been an important subject in
the efforts to culture microflora. Special devices that maintain in situ pressures have been developed and applied
in culturing piezophilic and hyperpiezophilic microbes. However, culturable microorganisms comprise the
minority of deep-sea microbes (archaea and bacteria), which reflects the disadvantages of traditional cultivation
methods, the ignorance of microbial habitats, and the fastidiousness of microbial growth requirements. This
mini-review introduces the diversity of microbes in the deep sea and discusses the deep-sea species that have
been identified in the past two years. In addition, this review summarizes almost all of the recognized piezophilic
microbes and describes the isolation methods that have been employed. Additionally, we recommend that some
of the methods that have been developed to obtain microbes from surface water, freshwater, sediments, soils and
organisms should be modified to enable the isolation of the deep-sea microbes. It is anticipated that this minireview will provide novel insights into exploration of “uncultured” deep-sea microbial resources
Determination of tetrabromobisphenol-A/S and their main derivativesin water samples by high performance liquid chromatographycoupled with inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry
No full textBifunctional magnesium oxide crystal successively as adsorbent and matrix modifier for preconcentration and determination of arsenic by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
No full textSimultaneous extraction of carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibrils via citric acid hydrolysis – a sustainable route.
No full textIn this study, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) with surface carboxylic
groups were prepared from bleached softwood pulp by hydrolysis with
concentrated citric acid at concentrations of 60 wt%~80 wt%. The solid
residues from acid hydrolysis were collected for producing cellulose
nanofibrils (CNF) via post high-pressure homogenization. Citric acid could
be easily recovered after hydrolysis reactions through crystallization due to
its low water solubility or through precipitation as a calcium salt followed
by acidification. Several important properties of CNC and CNF, such as
dimension, crystallinity, surface chemistry, thermal stability, were evaluated.
Results showed that the obtained CNC and CNF surfaces contained carboxylic
acid groups that facilitated functionalization and dispersion in aqueous
processing. The recyclability of citric acid and the carboxylated CNC/CNF
give the renewable cellulose nanomaterial huge potential for a wide range of
industrial applications. Furthermore, the resultant CNC and CNF were used
as reinforcing agents to make sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) films.
Both CNC and CNF showed reinforcing effects in CMC composite films.
The tensile strength of CMC films increased by 54.3% and 85.7% with 10
wt% inclusion of CNC and CNF, respectively. This study provides detailed
information on carboxylated nanocellulose prepared by critic acid hydrolysis;
a sustainable approach for the preparation of CNC/CNF is of significant
importance for their various uses
Bifunctional catalyst Pd-Al-MCM-41 for efficient dimerization-hydrogenation of [small beta]-pinene in one pot.
No full textA new type of bimetallic palladium and aluminumincorporatedmobile crystalline materials (Pd–Al-MCM-41)
as bifunctional catalysts has been hydrothermally synthesized. Characterization shows that these molecular
materials exhibit an ordered mesoporous structure, high surface area and a good dispersion of palladium in
the frame. The catalytic activity of the Pd–Al-MCM-41 for the dimerization–hydrogenation reaction system
of b-pinene in one pot has been systematically studied. Pd0.5–Al30-MCM-41 (SiO2/Al2O3 ¼ 30, 0.5 wt%
palladium content) was found to be the best catalyst which gave a dimer yield of up to 64.7%. It is worth
noting that palladium shows a good synergic catalytic effect with aluminum in the dimerization reaction
and enhances the dimerization yield. Furthermore, the bifunctional catalyst displayed a good activity over
4 runs
Enzymatic process optimization for the in vitro production of isoprene from mevalonate.
No full textBackground: As an important bulk chemical for synthetic rubber, isoprene can be biosynthesized by robust
microbes. But rational engineering and optimization are often demanded to make the in vivo process feasible due
to the complexities of cellular metabolism. Alternative synthetic biochemistry strategies are in fast development to
produce isoprene or isoprenoids in vitro.
Results: This study set up an in vitro enzyme synthetic chemistry process using 5 enzymes in the lower mevalonate
pathway to produce isoprene from mevalonate. We found the level and ratio of individual enzymes would signifcantly affect the efciency of the whole system. The optimized process using 10 balanced enzyme unites (5.0 µM
of MVK, PMK, MVD; 10.0 µM of IDI, 80.0 µM of ISPS) could produce 6323.5 µmol/L/h (430 mg/L/h) isoprene in a 2 ml
in vitro system. In a scale up process (50 ml) only using 1 balanced enzyme unit (0.5 µM of MVK, PMK, MVD; 1.0 µM of
IDI, 8.0 µM of ISPS), the system could produce 302 mg/L isoprene in 40 h, which showed higher production rate and
longer reaction phase with comparison of the in vivo control.
Conclusions: By optimizing the enzyme levels of lower MVA pathway, synthetic biochemistry methods could be set
up for the enzymatic production of isoprene or isoprenoids from mevalonate