Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Ionic liquid-based electrolyte with dual-functional LiDFOB additive toward high-performance LiMn2O4 batteries
No full textManganese oxide-based cathodes are one of the most promising lithium-ion battery (LIB) cathode materials due to their cost-effectiveness, high discharge voltage plateau (above 4.0 V vs. Li/Li+), superior rate capability, and environmental benignity. However, these batteries using conventional LiPF6-based electrolytes suffer from Mn dissolution and poor cyclic capability at elevated temperature. In this paper, the ionic liquid (IL)-based electrolytes, consisting of 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfon)imidate (PYR1,4-TFSI), propylene carbonate (PC), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfon)imide (LiTFSI), and lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiDFOB) additive, were explored for improving the high temperature performance of the LiMn2O4 batteries. It was demonstrated that LiTFSI-ILs/PC electrolyte associated with LiDFOB addition possessed less Mn dissolution and Al corrosion at the elevated temperature in LiMn2O4/Li batteries. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy implied that this kind of electrolyte also contributed to the formation of a highly stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI), which was in accordance with the polarization measurement and the Li deposition morphology of the symmetric lithium metal cell, thus beneficial for improving the cycling performance of the LiMn2O4 batteries at the elevated temperature. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy implied that the cells using this kind of electrolyte exhibited better interfacial stability, which was further verified by the polarization measurement and the Li deposition morphology of the symmetric lithium metal cell, thus beneficial for improving the cycling performance of the LiMn2O4 batteries at the elevated temperature. These unique characteristics would endow this kind of electrolyte a very promising candidate for the manganese oxide-based batteries
Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in the Semicontinuous Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactors
No full textThree semicontinuous continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR) operating at mesophilic conditions (35 degrees C) were used to investigate the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on anaerobic digestion of wheat straw. The results showed that the average biogas production with HRT of 20, 40, and 60 days was 46.8, 79.9, and 89.1 mL/g total solid as well as 55.2, 94.3, and 105.2 mL/g volatile solids, respectively. The methane content with HRT of 20 days, from 14.2% to 28.5%, was the lowest among the three reactors. The pH values with HRT of 40 and 60 days were in the acceptable range compared to that with HRT of 20 days. The propionate was dominant in the reactor with HRT of 20 days, inhibiting the activities of methanogens and causing the lower methane content in biogas. The degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose, and crystalline cellulose based on XRD was also strongly influenced by HRTs
中科院青岛生物能源所——洁净能源、生物能源与生物基材料国际动态监测投稿信息表
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2017年12月</p
Hydrogen substituted graphdiyne as carbon-rich flexible electrode for lithium and sodium ion batteries
No full textOrganic electrodes are potential alternatives to current inorganic electrode materials for lithium ion and sodium ion batteries powering portable and wearable electronics, in terms of their mechanical flexibility, function tunability and low cost. However, the low capacity, poor rate performance and rapid capacity degradation impede their practical application. Here, we concentrate on the molecular design for improved conductivity and capacity, and favorable bulk ion transport. Through an in situ cross- coupling reaction of triethynylbenzene on copper foil, the carbon-rich frame hydrogen substituted graphdiyne film is fabricated. The organic film can act as free-standing flexible electrode for both lithium ion and sodium ion batteries, and large reversible capacities of 1050 mAh g(-1) for lithium ion batteries and 650 mAh g(-1) for sodium ion batteries are achieved. The electrode also shows a superior rate and cycle performances owing to the extended pi-conjugated system, and the hierarchical pore bulk with large surface area
One-pot homopolymerization of thiophene-fused isoindigo for ambient-stable ambipolar organic field-effect transistors
No full textDonor-acceptor (D-A) type conjugated polymers have been extensively studied for organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), while the homopolymers of acceptors were much less investigated. However, conjugated homopolymers are structurally simpler, so their solid-phase behavior such as packing pattern, long-range order and crystallinity are more predictable, so are their charge-transport properties. Here we report the synthesis of the homopolymer of thiophene-fused isoindigo (TII), which was directly obtained using a "one-pot" polymerization method either via Suzuki condensation polymerization (denoted as PTII-1) or Stille condensation polymerization (denoted as PTII-2), respectively. To further elucidate the structure-property relationship of the PTII, TII was also copolymerized with II to give P(TII-co-II) for comparison. Encouragingly, solution-processed OFETs based on PTII-2 exhibited ambipolar transport behavior with balanced hole and electron mobilities (0.065 and 0.15 cm(2) V-1 s(-1), respectively) after annealing, which is two orders higher than that of P(TII-co-II). 2D grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (2D-GIXRD) analysis explicitly showed that PTII films have much better well-ordered structure and crystallinity than P(TII-co-II), which accounted for their better OFET performance. To the best of our knowledge, PTII-2 is among the best homopolymers of A units with high ambipolar charge-carrier mobility, indicating that the design of such homopolymers might be an important strategy toward high performance polymer OFETs. In addition, the "one-pot" homopolymerization of dibromo-monomers via Suzuki or Stille condensation also provides a more convenient way to construct conjugated homopolymers, which deserves a closer study
A novel fish collagen scaffold as dural substitute
No full textThe novel fish collagen scaffolds were prepared by lyophilization. The collagen sponges and chitosan were chemically cross-linked with the 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) as a cross-linking agent by pressing in one special mould. The collagen scaffolds were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical property, and the in vitro collagenase degradation was tested. The results revealed that the scaffold has a suitable porosity, elasticity and prevent fluid leakage, suggesting potential applications in the tissue engineered. In vitro collagenase degradation demonstrated that the collagen cross-linking with EDC by pressing played an important role in their resistance to biodegradation. Moreover, the scaffold proved excellent biocompatibility for the activity and proliferation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts cells (MEFs) in vitro. The rabbit dural defect model demonstrated that the scaffolds could prevent brain tissue adhesion, which reduce the opportunity of inflammation, facilitate the growth of fibroblasts and enhance the tissue regeneration and healing. The novel fish collagen scaffold as dural substitute, demonstrate a capability for using in the field of tissue engineering. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V
2,3-Dialdehyde nanofibrillated cellulose as a potential material for the treatment of MRSA infection
No full textNanocellulose materials have undergone rapid development in recent years as promising biomedical materials due to their excellent physical and biological properties, in particular their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low cytotoxicity. In this study, we prepared 2,3-dialdehyde nanofibrillated cellulose (DANFC) by sodium periodate oxidation, which is a mild oxidation process. With increasing oxidation time, the antimicrobial activity of DANFC against both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) improved. DANFC also displays good biocompatibility with mammalian cells, and shows good blood compatibility. In addition, animal studies and histology results reveal that DANFC can accelerate wound healing and enhance the formation of blood vessels and epithelium
Enhanced volatile fatty acids production from anaerobic fermentation of food waste: A mini-review focusing on acidogenic metabolic pathways
No full textRecently, efficient disposal of food waste (FW) with potential resource recovery has attracted great attentions.
Due to its easily biodegradable nature, rich nutrient availability and high moisture content, FW is
regarded as favorable substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD). Both waste disposal and energy recovery
can be fulfilled during AD of FW. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) which are the products of the first-two stages
of AD, are widely applied in chemical industry as platform chemicals recently. Concentration and distribution
of VFAs is the result of acidogenic metabolic pathways, which can be affected by the microenvironment
(e.g. pH) in the digester. Hence, the clear elucidation of the acidogenic metabolic pathways
is essential for optimization of acidogenic process for efficient product recovery. This review summarizes
major acidogenic metabolic pathways and regulating strategies for enhancing VFAs recovery during acidogenic
fermentation of FW
Composite anion exchange membrane made by layer-by-layer method for selective ion separation and water migration control
No full textIn ion exchange membrane processes (e.g. electrodialysis), improving ion selectivity and reducing water permeance
are two key concerns, which drive new membrane fabrication methods. Preparation of composite ion
exchange membrane with functional layers may be a solution to elevate its performance. In this study, composite
anion exchange membranes (C-AEM) were prepared by using layer-by-layer (LbL) method, and were characterized
with regard to membrane surface properties, selectivity, as well as water permeance. Results indicate
that monovalent ion selectivity increased with the number of assembled layers. More specifically, when the
membrane was modified with 10.5 layers, −
− PSO
Cl42 reached over 10, which was much higher than the commercially
available monovalent selective membrane (ACS, −
− PSO
Cl
4
2 around 5). Besides, the C-AEMs also showed a good
performance on organic ion selectivity and water migration control. This work proves that LbL method is an
effective way to prepare functionalized ion exchange membrane by controlling membrane surface properties
(surface potential and pore size). Furthermore, this work provides an investigation of transport mechanisms of
ions with different charge, different size and different hydration number by penetrating functional membranes
with layered top structure. The prepared C-AEMs showed a good separation efficiency of monovalent ions and
organic acids with controlled water migration, this may be potentially used in desalination, wastewater treatment,
chemical separation, or other related fields