Shenyang Institute of Automation,Chinese Academy Of Sciences
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一种微生物燃料电池
No full text本发明的实施例提供了一种微生物燃料电池，所述微生物燃料电池包括依次紧固设置在一起的前端板、阳极集电器、阳极板、阳极、第一密封垫、质子交换膜、第二密封垫、阴极以及后端板，其中，阳极、质子交换膜、阴极为通过第一密封垫和第二密封垫之间的第二容置腔和第三容置腔紧贴实现相互紧邻贴近，减小了质子在溶液中从阳极迁移至阴极的转移路径，从而减少了质子从阳极迁移至阴极的时间，提高了微生物燃料电池内的反应速率，降低了微生物燃料电池的内部电阻，提高了微生物燃料电池的产电性能
Development of On-line Measuring Device for Liquid Concentration Based on Light Transmission Method
No full text精准农业是现代农业的发展趋势,在线混药技术可以做到按需施药及提高农药的有效利用率,有利于推动精准农业的发展。虽然在线混药的控制技术和喷雾技术日益完善,但田间复杂的地形环境、农机行走时引起的震动以及精准的农药浓度在线检测装置和处理技术的缺乏,降低了在线混药浓度的精确性。为了解决这一问题,在光透射法的药液浓度在线检测方法的基础上,采用卡尔曼滤波技术处理田间作业时引起的误差,保证田间作业时在线混药后药液浓度的准确性。对设计的光透射在线药液浓度检测装置进行震动实验,将滤波前后的实验结果作对比分析。实验结果表明:震动实验中采用卡尔曼滤波技术滤波后,与滤波前的数据相比相对误差由±2.7%～±7.5%左右降低到±0.2%～±2%左右,可有效解决实际喷药时遇到的震动问题。文中提出的在线检测装置可以使光透射技术用于田间作业,并达到了精确检测在线混药浓度的目的。</p
Research on thermal damage mechanism of K424 superalloy processed with water⁃jet guided laser
No full text为研究水导激光技术加工K424高温合金的热损伤区规律,使用自主研发的水导激光加工系统对K424高温合金薄片进行打孔实验,采用旋切法进行钻孔,并在激光穿透材料后在孔壁继续旋转几圈去边缘毛刺。将切下的圆形工件进行镶嵌、打磨、抛光、腐蚀和清洗,使用Zeiss EVO 10扫描电镜观测工件上的热影响区情况与重铸层的厚度。实验结果发现,水导激光加工后工件边缘位置的晶粒无明显变化,不存在热影响区。重铸层的厚度在2μm以上,但是分布不均匀,有的位置甚至不存在重铸层。分析后得出结论为水导激光的激光功率过高或脉宽时间过长等相关参数会导致材料内部产生多余的热量,如果这些热量过高会造成加工位置附近形成热影响区,并产生过多的熔渣使重铸层的厚度增加。同时,加工过程中会由于水柱变向回流或者熔渣较大导致排水不畅等因素,都会造成水射流的不稳定,使工件切口处的重铸层的厚度变的不均匀。根据上述结论提出了解决水射流不稳定的加工方法。</p
Depth Selection for Deep ReLU Nets in Feature Extraction and Generalization
No full textDeep learning is recognized to be capable of discovering deep features for representation learning and pattern recognition without requiring elegant feature engineering techniques by taking advantages of human ingenuity and prior knowledge. Thus it has triggered enormous research activities in machine learning and pattern recognition. One of the most important challenges of deep learning is to figure out relations between a feature and the depth of deep neural networks (deep nets for short) to reflect the necessity of depth. Our purpose is to quantify this feature-depth correspondence in feature extraction and generalization. We present the adaptivity of features to depths and vice-verse via showing a depth-parameter trade-off in extracting both single feature and composite features. Based on these results, we prove that implementing the classical empirical risk minimization on deep nets can achieve the optimal generalization performance for numerous learning tasks. Our theoretical results are verified by a series of numerical experiments including toy simulations and a real application of earthquake seismic intensity prediction.</p
Atomic Force Microscopy for Tumor Research at Cell and Molecule Levels
No full textTumors have posed a serious threat to human life and health. Researchers can determine whether or not cells are cancerous, whether the cancer cells are invasive or metastatic, and what the effects of drugs are on cancer cells by the physical properties such as hardness, adhesion, and Young's modulus. The atomic force microscope (AFM) has emerged as a key important tool for biomechanics research on tumor cells due to its ability to image and collect force spectroscopy information of biological samples with nano-level spatial resolution and under near-physiological conditions. This article reviews the existing results of the study of cancer cells with AFM. The main foci are the operating principle of AFM and research advances in mechanical property measurement, ultra-microtopography, and molecular recognition of tumor cells, which allows us to outline what we do know it in a systematic way and to summarize and to discuss future directions.</p
A low-cost single-motor-driven climbing robot based on overrunning spring clutch mechanisms
No full textForestry monitoring and high-voltage cable inspection demand on low-cost climbing robots. The proposed climbing robot has simple control and low cost, enabling loaded, which drives by a single motor. Based on the overrunning spring clutch mechanisms, two motions of holding and climbing are realized by one motor. A rope-driven gripper is for adaptive enveloping holding effectively and a thron wheel is used to attach the climbing surface and stable climbing. The design parameters of the overrunning spring clutch mechanism and the rope-driven gripper are determined. The prototype and experiment setup are built. The enveloping holding experiment is carried out to verify the holding stability and shape adaptability of the rope-driven gripper. The trunk and pipe climbing experiments verify the climbing performance of the climbing robot and its application prospects with a certain load. In the future, as a low-cost climbing robot, a camera or operating mechanism can be equipped for tasks.</p
Fabrication of Multi-Channel Nerve Guidance Conduits Containing Schwann Cells Based on Multi-Material 3D Bioprinting
No full textNerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are an essential solution for peripheral nerve repair and regeneration in tissue engineering and medicine. However, the ability of current NGCs is limited to repairing longer nerve gap (i.e., >20 mm) because it cannot meet the following two conditions simultaneously: (1) directional guidance of the axial high-density channels and (2) regenerative stimulation of the extracellular matrix secreted by Schwann cells (SCs). Therefore, we propose a multi-material 3D bioprinting process to fabricate multi-channel nerve guide conduits (MNGCs) containing SCs. In the article, cell-laden methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) was used as the bulk material of MNGCs. To improve the printing accuracy of the axial channels and the survival rate of SCs, we systematically optimized the printing temperature parameter based on hydrogel printability analysis. The multi-material bioprinting technology was used to realize the alternate printing of supporting gelatin and cell-laden GelMA. Then, the high-accuracy channels were fabricated through the UV cross-linking of GelMA and the dissolving technique of gelatin. The SCs distributed around the channels with a high survival rate, and the cell survival rate maintained above 90%. In general, the study on multi-material 3D printing was carried out from the fabricating technology and material analysis, which will provide a potential solution for the fabrication of MNGCs containing SCs
一种高机动大潜深自主水下机器人形体结构
No full textDisclosed is an autonomous underwater robot with high mobility and a great submerging depth, the robot comprising a submarine body (1), a channel propeller (3) and rudder-propeller coupling mechanisms. The submarine body (1) is of a vertically flat structure, the channel propeller (3) is horizontally arranged at the bow of the submarine body (1), and the rudder-propeller coupling mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the submarine body (1); and the channel propeller (3) and the rudder-propeller coupling mechanisms cooperatively control the six degrees of freedom of the submarine body. Each rudder-propeller coupling mechanism comprises a front horizontal rudder plate (5), an auxiliary propeller (6), a rear horizontal rudder plate (11) and a main propeller(12). Each of the two front horizontal rudder plates (5) is provided with one auxiliary propeller (6), and each of the two rear horizontal rudder plates (11) is provided with one main propeller (12). The underwater robot can be used in a sea area with a great depth and complex terrain, has complex environment perception and high-mobility autonomous collision avoidance capabilities, and realizes high-efficiency environment perception and high-mobility autonomous collision avoidance detection capabilities in a sea area with complex terrain
一种大范围巡航自主水下机器人结构
No full textA large-range cruise autonomous underwater robot structure, comprising a robot body (1), a horizontal channel thruster (6), a vertical channel thruster (18), a main thruster system, and a stabilizing wing system. The robot body (1) is of a revolving body structure; and the horizontal channel thruster (6) and the vertical channel thruster (18) are disposed on the bow of the robot body (1) and are perpendicular to one another; and the main thruster system and the stabilizing wing system are disposed at the stern of the robot body (1). The underwater robot structure is suitable for large-range and long-distance detection sampling
一种可检测航发涡轮盘晶粒尺寸分布的超声无损检测方法
No full text本发明涉及一种可检测航发涡轮盘晶粒尺寸分布的超声无损检测方法，包括以下步骤：1)采用超声检测系统和水浸超声聚焦探头对航发涡轮盘镍基高温合金试块扫查采集超声背散射信号，并采用石英玻璃得到超声参考信号；2)分别对超声背散射信号和参考信号进行傅里叶变换得到频域曲线；3)根据频域曲线计算超声背散射系数实验曲线，并根据理论模型计算背散射系数理论曲线；4)将超声背散射系数实验和理论曲线在一定频率范围内拟合得到晶粒平均尺寸；5)将扫查区域分成若干小的方形区域，计算每个小的方形区域内的晶粒平均尺寸，得到晶粒尺寸二维分布图像。本发明实现了航空发动机涡轮盘晶粒尺寸分布的二维快速成像，检测精度高