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Comparing religious environmental ethics to support efforts to achieve local and global sustainability: empirical insights based on a theoretical framework
Get PDFThis paper develops a theoretical framework to assess the feasibility of environmental sustainability solutions, at local and global levels, based on the religious environmental ethics of several key religions: Hinduism (including Jainism), Buddhism (including Confucianism and Daoism), Judaism, Christianity (Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Protestantism), and Islam. Solutions are defined in terms of consumption (measured by GDP), environment use (measured by the ecological footprint), and welfare for representative individuals. Empirical insights for alternative religious environmental ethics focus on the relative importance attached to consumption of goods (α) vs. involvement in a (local/global) community, and on the importance attached to the environment within the (local/global) community (μ). In terms of feasibility for national environmental problems (i.e., pairs of α and μ achieving sustainability, in countries where the religion is a majority) and consistency (i.e., coherence with the religion’s precepts) of policies for national environmental problems: Hinduism=Buddhism>Islam>Judaism. Christianity produced no feasible solutions. In terms of effectiveness for global environmental problems (i.e., pairs of α and μ achieving global sustainability, if inequalities among nations are reduced in the future) and replicability for local environmental problems (i.e., pairs of α and μ achieving sustainability in countries where the religion is a minority): Hinduism=Buddhism>Judaism>Islam
Videogiochi e arte. Per una fenomenologia degli spazi videoludici
Get PDFL’obiettivo del presente saggio è individuare un’estetica specifica del linguaggio videoludico. A tale scopo, abbiamo ritenuto particolarmen-te efficaci l’impostazione culturologica di Renato Barilli e alcuni stru-menti della semiotica. Dal primo, si è ricavata la nozione di tecnomorfismo, che ha permesso di rintracciare delle omologie tra la logica di funzionamento della macchina informatica e l’organizzazione spaziale nei videogiochi. Inoltre, il metodo adottato è stato funzionale al riconoscimento di omologie generazionali e di un processo di normalizzazione attuato dai videogiochi nei confronti del Dadaismo. Per analizzare gli stili videoludici, al concetto barilliano di “ripetizione differente” è stata affiancata un’impostazione semiotica, che ha permesso di definire in che modo il giocatore riorganizza lo spazio mediante il controllo più o meno valorizzato dell’inquadratura
Sui princìpi del gusto e le opere della natura
Get PDFQuesto articolo fa parte dell’ottavo numero dei Quaderni di PsicoArt che include molti dei testi raccolti dieci anni fa da Gianni Scalia e Raffaele Milani: erano gli anni in cui si discuteva assai di paesaggio, natura, ambiente, territorio, luogo, spazio, cercando di comprenderne il senso e il valore, la relazione e l’arricchimento reciproco in un ampio registro semantico. Si dà ora forma ai materiali di quella ricerca, conservandone lo spirito. È un viaggio che muove dal lontano mondo greco-latino e arriva alle tesi romantiche sulla natura inserendovi anche un confronto tra le culture: indiana, cinese, giapponese. Autorevoli studiosi commentano filosofi e scrittori, correnti letterarie e di pensiero della più alta tradizione mondiale, affinché la dignità dell’antico possa significare il futuro
Tourism, amenities, and welfare in an urban setting
Get PDFUsing data on Italian cities, we document that, over the period 2001 – 2011, the number of establishments and employment in some key service industries are positively related to the inflow of tourists. We then build a general equilibrium model of small open cities to study the impact of tourism on endogenous amenities, factors’ allocation across sectors, prices, and welfare. Tourism has two main effects on the urban economy: first, consistently with the observed pattern in the data, it increases the number of firms (an endogenous consumption amenity) and employment in the non-tradable sector; second, it increases prices. In the model tourism may hurt the resident population: with unequal land endowments, poorer residents are hurt by tourism because the rise in city prices offsets the positive impact on the urban consumption amenity. Along with several other
extensions to the baseline model, we study the interplay of historical (exogenous) amenities, tourism and residents welfare in a system of two cities
Come governare l'ecosistema? - How to govern the ecosystem? - ¿Como gobernar el ecosistema?
Get PDFPolitica e diritto sembrano non essersi ancora del tutto accorte dello stato di emergenza ecologicain cui viviamo, sotto minaccia di estinzione come specie, che gli ecologisti ormai da tempo con forza denunciano. Scienza e diritto in questo campo faticano a dialogare. Il modello di governance ambientale cui gli ordinamenti internazionale e nazionali si ispirano è quello dello sviluppo sostenibile, del principio di precauzione e della limitazione del danno secondo gli standard tecnologici vigenti. Gli ecologisti ne segnalano le insufficienze. Un approccio ai problemi ambientali di tipo interdisciplinare e olistico è l'unica via per rendere veramente possibili un cambio di rotta. I contributi qui raccolti, presentati al convegno dal titolo omonimo svoltosi a Ravenna presso la Scuola di Giurisprudenza il 9 e 10 marzo 2017, rappresentano un primo tentativo di dialogo interdisciplinare alla ricerca di un nuovo paradigma giuridico di governo dell'ecosistema
PERCEIVE project - Deliverable D2.3 "Report on the construction of the CIEI* indicator. Qualitative report with main findings from the survey and discussion of comparative results from the application of the indicator of perception in the different case study regions"
Get PDFThe main aim of the deliverable is the construction of a synthetic indicator of EU citizens’ identification for the survey conducted within the PERCEIVE project. Clearly, a first question is why we need such a synthetic indicator when we ask individuals directly about their identification with Europe? The easy answer to this question is related with the complexity of the concept and how and if we approximate it correctly with a simple question in a survey.
In order to capture the concept of European identity, individuals are usually asked if they feel Europeans in their everyday life, if they feel close to the European Union project, or if they are happy to be Europeans. Alternative questions propose the use of inverted scales, for example if they feel that Europe is worthless. In that regard, Mendez and Bachtler (2017) identify a list of questions on European identity, grouped into five categories:
- Geographical belonging: Usually captured by the answer to a question such as “To which of these geographical groups would you say you belong first of all? And the next?” Once considering the locality or town where the respondent live, the region or country or Europe, if respondents answer Europe in first or second place one can think on some sort of European feel of belonging.
- Thinking of self as European: the basic question is if the respondent think of him/herself as a citizen of Europe often, sometimes or never. Other alternatives include a comparison with national identity, such as “Do you ever think of yourself as not only (nationality), but also European?” Clearly, a cognitive aspect is involved in this type of question.
- Attachment to Europe/EU: attachment is used as a synonym of being close or emotionally close to Europe. This is an emotionally measure of identity.
- National versus European: in addition to the national/European comparison, a prospective demand is proposed: “In the near future do you see yourself as (nationality) only, (nationality) and European, European and (nationality), European only?” The requested evaluation proposes a look for the future.
- Proud to be European: another type of emotional evaluation is the request on the satisfaction or gratification linked with being proud of being European: “And would you say you are very proud, fairly proud, not very proud, not at all proud to be European?
Testing Rational Addiction: When Lifetime is Uncertain, One Lag is Enough
Get PDFThe rational addiction model is usually tested by estimating a linear second-order difference Euler equation, which may produce unreliable estimates. We show that a linear first-order difference equation is a better alternative. This empirical specification is appropriate under the reasonable assumption that people are uncertain about the time of their death, it is based on the same structural assumptions used in the literature, and it retains all policy implications of the deterministic rational addiction model. It is also empirically convenient because it is simple, it allows using efficient estimation strategies that do not require instrumental variables, and it is robust to the possible non-stationarity of the data. As an application we estimate the demand for smoking in the US from 1970 to 2016, and we show that it is consistent with the rational addiction model
Danzare l'Africa oggi. Eredità culturali, trasformazioni, nuovi immaginari
Get PDFI saggi pubblicati in questo volume possono essere suddivisi idealmente in tre gruppi: etnografie e etnologie di antropologi e studiosi africanisti, esperienze di messe in scena di registi e performer, saggi di antropologia visuale. Il volume aspira a mettere in luce come l’attribuzione alle danze africane di un carattere di primitività rappresenti da un lato l’eredità di una concezione evoluzionista mai del tutto tramontata, dall’altro il risultato dell’applicazione di nuovi stereotipi che hanno tradotto in termini positivi qualificazioni precedentemente negative.
The papers gathered in this book can be ideally divided into three specific categories: Ethnographies and Ethnologies of Anthropologists and Africanist Scholars, experiences of theater directors and performers, essays of Visual Anthropology. The volume aims to highlight how the attribution to African dances of a peculiar primitiveness represents, on one hand the legacy of an evolutionary concept that has never vanished, on the other the outcome of new stereotypes that have modified in a positive point of view properties that previously were considered as negatives
Identification and estimation issues in Structural Vector Autoregressions with external instruments
Get PDFIn this paper we discuss general identification results for Structural Vector Autoregressions (SVARs) with external instruments, considering the case in which r valid instruments are used to identify g ≥ 1 structural shocks, where r ≥ g. We endow the SVAR with an auxiliary statistical model for the external instruments which is a system of reduced form equations. The SVAR and the auxiliary model for the external instruments jointly form a `larger' SVAR characterized by a particularly restricted parametric structure, and are connected by the covariance matrix of their disturbances which incorporates the `relevance' and `exogeneity' conditions. We discuss identification results and likelihood-based estimation methods both in the `multiple shocks' approach, where all structural shocks are of interest, and in the `partial shock' approach, where only a subset of the structural shocks is of interest. Overidentified SVARs with external instruments can be easily tested in our setup. The suggested method is applied to investigate empirically whether commonly employed measures of macroeconomic and financial uncertainty respond on-impact, other than with lags, to business cycle uctuations in the U.S. in the period after the Global Financial Crisis. To do so, we employ two external instruments to identify the real economic activity shock in a partial shock approach
Putting Europe together: which Europe and what youth in the media today
Get PDFIn the poster we summarize the main results of the research on the EU news media landscape. It looked for similarities and differences in the coverage of European affairs across 7 different countries and 14 different national media outlets in 4 periods in 2014 and 2015. Three questions have been crucial: 1. Do national media show interest in European Affairs? 2. How and on which issues do they talk about European Union? 3. How and on which issues do they talk about European Union? Media coverage of European issues tends to be cyclical and to peak during events that national journalism sees as characterized by a specific European dimension. The debate on refugee and, more in general, the so- called “migration crisis” or “refugee crisis” is the most prevalent and spatially universal theme dominating the samples collected from 2015. Youth are only rarely mentioned in connection with European affairs, and their presence is associated only to a limited variety of issues, like education and unemployment. Thus even when rarely evoked as voters, they are considered “bad voters”, under the influence of extreme populism. Youth-oriented media such as the hybrid journalism of VICE (examined in six of its national-language websites), together with the television and radio programs selected by each national team, provide a very different picture of young people: (a) an unrecognized collective force, especially in relation to new technologies and innovation, entrepreneurship and start-ups; (b) growing disenfranchised from and disillusioned with mainstream politics but interested in other forms of participation (i.e. protest and dissent actions; volunteering); (c) generally interested in environmental and cultural issues and active within these realms, especially oriented towards music, cinema and arts; (d) a global (or rather glocal) community of workers, consumers and travelers that goes beyond the European borders