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Virtual Justice?: An Analysis of Access to Court for People Experiencing Homelessness
Get PDFHomelessness in Canada remains a wicked social problem that often intersects with compounding forms of marginalization. The criminalization of homelessness and living life in the public sphere explain, in part, why this population is likely to interact with the criminal justice system. Following the onset of the pandemic, the courts were forced to modernize and embrace digital technologies to maintain operations. Now four years since these changes, there are no signs of turning back and the court system is continuing forward with a hybrid model. Despite this, there is minimal research on the impact of virtual court proceedings on people experiencing homelessness. This thesis fills the gap in the scholarship through an analysis of virtual court proceedings to identify barriers and facilitators to accessing justice for unhoused people. Building on 18 interviews with professionals who assist unhoused clients navigate court, I argue that the court system, both in-person and virtual, has never worked for this population. While virtual court and hybrid proceedings have the ability to improve accessibility, structural inequities experienced by unhoused people often require workarounds from service providers to make this system work. These accessibility challenges are overshadowed by the court’s efforts to enforce outdated hierarchical symbols of power and notions of legitimacy in a virtual setting. Further, I argue that the spatial and temporal realities of people experiencing homelessness conflict with the structure of court. As a result, there are a number of barriers this population must overcome in order to meaningfully participate in court. The findings of this research emphasize a need to address systemic forms of marginalization before justice can truly be achieved
No. 28: Male Circular Migration, Rural-Urban and Gender Dynamics, and Food Security in India
No full textThis paper examines the ways in which male circular migration as a household livelihood strategy affects food access among rural households in India. Circular male labor migration is the dominant form of labor mobility in many parts of India. This migration pattern creates important rural-urban linkages through income transfers and alters the gender power relations within the migrant-sending households. Drawing on empirical research in Siwan district in the eastern state of Bihar, this paper analyzes the influence of these dynamics of migration on household food security, with the larger objective of bridging the divide that currently exists between migration and food security agendas in global development research and practice
No. 22: Migrant Remittances, Food Security and Multi-Local Households: Ghanaian Labour Migration to Qatar
No full textThis paper investigates the impact of migrant remittances on food security among multi-local households within Ghana and Qatar, focusing on the experiences of Ghanaian labour migrants. Through a mixed-methods approach comprising household surveys in Ghana and in-depth interviews with migrants in Qatar conducted from March to June 2023, the paper explores how remittances influence the food security status of recipient households and the socioeconomic conditions of migrants. The findings suggest that remittances play a critical role in enhancing household food security in Ghana by enabling better access to food and improving dietary diversity. Migrants prioritize sending money for basic needs, notably food purchases and education. However, the pressure to remit can adversely affect the migrants’ own food security in Qatar, leading to compromised nutritional choices and reduced food intake. The study concludes that while remittances significantly contribute to improving food security in Ghana, they also pose challenges to the well-being of migrants, highlighting a complex interplay between economic support and personal sacrifice within transnational familial networks
No. 21: Refugee Migration and Urban Food Security: Somali Migrants in Nairobi, Kenya
No full textThis paper investigates the relationship between refugee migration and urban food security, focusing on Somali migrants in Nairobi, Kenya. Despite the abundance of literature on urban refugees and their economic integration, scant research has addressed their food security challenges. Utilizing a household survey conducted in Nairobi’s Eastleigh neighborhood, the paper explores the levels, determinants, and spatial variations of food security among Somali refugees. Findings reveal that while migration to Nairobi generally improves food security compared to conditions in Somalia, substantial disparities exist within the refugee population, with a significant portion still facing severe food insecurity. Factors such as household type, household income, education level, and the education and employment status of the household head are significantly associated with food security status. Spatial analysis within Eastleigh highlights pronounced disparities in food security across different sections of the neighborhood. The study underscores the need for holistic, context-specific strategies to address urban refugee food insecurity, emphasizing the importance of economic empowerment and targeted support for vulnerable groups to achieve sustainable food security outcomes
No. 10: Digital Technologies and Food Remitting by Zimbabwean Migrants in South Africa
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted traditional remittance channels, particularly for Zimbabwean migrants in South Africa who relied on informal networks to send food and other essential goods back home. The closure of borders, lockdowns, and mobility restrictions disrupted these informal networks, accelerating the adoption of digital platforms for food remittances. This policy brief explores the role of emerging digital technologies such as mobile money apps and food remittance platforms in facilitating cross-border food transfers between Zimbabwean migrants in Cape Town and their families in Zimbabwe during the early stages of the pandemic. The brief examines how platforms like Mukuru and Malaicha emerged as vital tools for maintaining food security among recipient households in Zimbabwe, where the economic impact of the pandemic was exacerbated by pre-existing instability. It also discusses the benefits and challenges of these digital remittance platforms and offers policy recommendations to enhance their effectiveness and accessibility
No. 08: Addressing Food Insecurity Among Central American Migrants in Mexico
No full textCentral American migrants living in Mexico City face unique challenges that contribute to heightened food insecurity, with issues stemming from incomplete documentation, social isolation, and precarious legal status. This brief examines these barriers and how they exacerbate food insecurity among migrant populations who reside in Mexico’s urban areas, particularly those from the Northern Triangle (Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador). Migrants face bureaucratic, social, and economic obstacles that limit their access to food, housing, and employment. The brief recommends policy changes aimed at improving documentation processes, enhancing social support networks, and addressing migrants’ specific food security needs
No. 06: Enhancing Rural-Urban Linkages Through Food Remittances
No full textIn many rapidly urbanizing African countries, food remittances from rural to urban areas play a vital role in maintaining rural-urban linkages. In Nairobi, Kenya, half of all households, regardless of migration status, receive food remittances from rural areas. Contrary to conventional beliefs, these food transfers are not solely linked to migration or poverty. Instead, they appear to be a long-standing, integral part of urban household resilience, especially for better-off households. As urbanization intensifies, policymakers should recognize the role of food remittances in ensuring food security for both migrants and non-migrant households. This brief explores key challenges such as economic inequality, the persistence of circular migration, and the vulnerability of urban households to economic shocks. It offers targeted recommendations to strengthen these food remittance networks, which are essential for building urban resilience in the context of rapid urbanization and rural-urban interdependency
Remembering Lost Lives and Collective Healing from Trauma: Homicides, Incarceration, and Pain-Driven Advocacy in the Jane and Finch Community
Get PDFThis article serves as a vessel for knowledge mobilization and activism as research, intertwining remembrance of lost lives and communal healing by sharing collective pain amongst the authors and bolstering mutual support. Guided by personal encounters with violence including death, homicides, and incarceration, four authors comprising a teacher, social worker, and two community activists, unveil their 20-year+ advocacy journey in the Jane and Finch community in Toronto, Canada including their involvement with programs and services through the non-profit organization Youth Association for Academics, Athletics, and Character Education (YAAACE). The pain and suffering are shared as symptoms of systemic trauma inflicted on the community and how the trauma is perpetuated through institutional neglect for racialized under-resourced communities. The conversations are examined through an intersectional and Critical Race Theory lens, centering life experiences associated with trauma and systemic violence. Lived experiences and emotions are shared as valuable data through duoethnography as a methodology, emphasizing how inspiration is harnessed from the pain and trauma to guide community advocacy. Effective coping and healing strategies are outlined from various vantage points. Overall, the article contributes to filling in the research gap by centering racialized personal narratives in the Canadian context, offering nuanced lessons for integrating research and activism, and showcasing tangible ways to support the needs of youth and families through community-oriented, trauma-informed approaches
Review of “Lifesavers and Body Snatchers: Medical Care and the Struggle for Survival in the Great War” by Tim Cook
Get PDFReview of Lifesavers and Body Snatchers: Medical Care and the Struggle for Survival in the Great War by Tim Cook
Review of “Material Traces of War: Stories of Canadian Women and Conflict, 1914- 1945” by Stacey Barker, Krista Cooke and Molly McCullough
Get PDFReview of Material Traces of War: Stories of Canadian Women and Conflict, 1914- 1945 by Stacey Barker, Krista Cooke and Molly McCullough