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Building Baptism: Theology and Ritual in the Structure and Interior Decoration of the Neonian Baptistery of Ravenna
Get PDFThe Neonian Baptistery, also known as the Orthodox Baptistery, was built in Ravenna, Italy by Bishop Ursus in the late fourth-century. Christian theology revolving around baptism is built into the structure of the baptistery and is undeniably the driving force for the way the space was meant to be used and experienced by 4th century Byzantines. The connection between structure and decoration to ritual and theology are undoubtedly interdependent. Through the ritual and theology of baptism, one can see how the Neonian Baptistery becomes a physical manifestation of the divine liturgical rite as reflected in the mosaic program of the interior decoration as well as the physical structure of the building itself
An April Anarchy: Non-realist dramaturgical approaches to Christopher Fry’s The Lady’s Not for Burning
Get PDFThe author uncovers historical approaches and contexts of Christopher Fry\u27s The Lady\u27s Not for Burning to justify recommendations for future productions. She argues that this play can be successful through non-realist dramaturgy, as the rise of absurdism and kitchen-sink dramas in England in the years following the play\u27s debut prioritized realism and image over language. Language is the key to The Lady\u27s Not for Burning and only through using image, collective ownership of the text, and unified aesthetics will an audience today be able to enjoy The Lady\u27s Not for Burning. The author posits these recommendations and justifications in context with an April 2019 production for which she was dramaturg and an actor
Exploring the Urban Infrastructure of Transnational Labor Migration in Nepal
Get PDFThis project examines the ways in which outmigration from Nepal is impacting the built landscape of Kathmandu. This project employed ethnographic methods to explore transnational labor migration through the lens of the city and the use and construction of urban spaces. While outmigration was the original focus of the project, it became clear through the research process that internal migration, the first step in the transnational migration process, plays a more direct role in the development of the city. This research was based on nineteen interviews conducted in Kathmandu as well as photo ethnography. Transnational labor migration is an exceedingly complex system that has a wide variety of causes and outcomes. This research project was not designed to gain a comprehensive understanding of this system, but to delve deeply into one aspect of labor migration that is often over-looked and is relatively understudied. By understanding how systems of transnational labor migration impact the environment in which people live, we can more clearly see the relationship between internal and external migration and perhaps gain a more nuanced understanding of outmigration in Nepal
Hail Hydra : Marvel\u27s Captain America and White Nationalism in the United States
Get PDFIn 2016, Captain America brought comic books to the forefront of national discussion with a single phrase: “Hail Hydra.” These two words proclaimed Captain America’s allegiance to Hydra, one of Marvel Comics most recognizable villains which has historically been used as an allegory for the Nazi Party. The moment incited a riot not only among comic book super fans, but casual onlookers as well. Many claimed that by aligning Captain America with Hydra author Nick Spencer disregarded the character’s origin as an anti-Nazi propaganda piece and later history as a defender of American values, and gave fuel to the growing Alt-Right movement in the United States.[1] However, this moment was not the first time that Captain America had joined the other side. In 1979, Captain America was briefly brainwashed into joining the National Force, an organization which acted as a clear allegory for the various white nationalist movements gaining power in the United States at the time.
While Hydra and the National Force are comparable villains, the lenses through which the writers of both storylines present them reveal how views of white nationalism have changed in the United States. Through a comparative analysis of these two storylines, this paper examines the ways in which the Captain America comic books have reflected the shift in white nationalist movements from a largely condemned movement to a viable political force. This paper provides a new lens to examine the history of white nationalism in the United States while building on the current body of scholarship arguing for the importance of comic books as a historical source.
[1] Abraham Riesman, “That Time Captain America Said ‘Hail Hydra’ and Geekdom Imploded,” Vulture, last modified April, 28 2019, https://www.vulture.com/2019/04/marvel-hydra-captain-america-nick-spencer.html
Queen Catherine\u27s Material Body
Get PDFIn an era when most women were at the mercy of their husbands and the courts who ruled in their favor, Catherine managed a long and drawn out fight against being divorced by the most powerful man in England. Material goods contributed to much of Catherine\u27s autonomy. Examples include: naming of items in her will, royal jewels she owned as personal property, and gifts she gave and received. Catherine used her wardrobe as a political statement. For centuries England\u27s queens have been instrumental in creating an image for the monarchy, one tied not only to their clothing and jewels but also to their physical bodies, given over in service to the crown. In the sixteenth century when the wealth and status of a person could be read off of their backs more easily than most people read books, how a King clothed or did not clothe his Queen spoke to her power. Drawing largely off of compiled inventories, letters and state papers, and essays by Maria Hayward for my research, I attempt to add to the work Michelle Beer started in her essay A queenly affinity? Catherine of Aragon’s estates and Henry VIII’s Great Matter , in which Beer explains Catherine\u27s fear and loss through Henry\u27s repossession of her landed estates. While Henry was able to take away many of Catherine\u27s estates and her revenue from them, she used material goods in the form of clothing and ornaments to uphold her status as queen after the divorce. Through an in-depth study of Catherine of Aragon\u27s garments, material goods, and the connections she forged with them, historians must acknowledge the success of Catherine\u27s fight to be remembered as Queen
Womxn of Color in Print Subculture: 1970-2018
Get PDFMy research is rooted in the archival analysis of primary alternative print mediums produced by womxn of color collectives. Through the exploration of numerous databases and archives, I analyzed and explored the different ways in which the written word was, and continues to be, utilized by womxn of color as a site for activism. Focusing on the work of five different womxn of color collectives spanning from 1970-2018, I evaluated works by the collectives Asian Lesbians of the East Coast (ALOEC), Las Buenas Amigas (LBA), The Groit Press (African Ancestral Lesbians), the book #NotYourPrincess Voices of Native American Women and select works published by Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press. I sought out womxn of color collectives that produced written word in differing forms as a branch of their activism, or written works that were formed by collective womxn of color voices. Although only focusing on a few collectives and works that encompass the style, purpose and prose of alternative press texts, I was inspired and informed by numerous works of many powerful womxn of color collectives, authors, poets, artists and visionaries. One of the goals of this project was to uncover written word by voices less heard of, that brings light to marginalized experiences of womxn of color. I focused on understanding the different forms of written word as they relate to collective social change by historically contextualizing the different works and discovering the ways in which different womxn of color groups used similar techniques to transmit stories throughout time. Through this, I began to see the ways in which the purpose, ideologies, and efforts to reach target audiences converged and diverged throughout time. Through the power of written word, readers and future authors are encouraged to challenge ideas of the dominant society and simultaneously engage in the many community networks of powerful womxn of color: coalescing into the future of revolutionary writers and thinkers.
Written word in various forms possesses the power to incite change among different marginalized communities. The works I focused on not only inspire and validate the narratives of many oppressed peoples, but also emphasize the multitude of identities that live beneath the encompassing umbrella of womxn of color. For example, many works I read by queer womxn of color described the uniquely intense forces of marginalization experienced beneath multiple forms of oppression. From the lack of representation in media, books, magazines, to the regularity of misconstrued, essentialized, romanticized or exoticized perceptions of womxn of color, there are few to no outlets that highlight the incredibly rich histories of so many individuals and their communities. Third-party mediums, alternative presses, and other print subcultures offer a way to transcend the confines of patriarchal, euro-centric, and academic lenses. By analyzing the different ways in which different types of alternative print were utilized from 1970-2018, we can see how creative and unique voices were lifted-up through new spaces completely open to all forms of expression and testimony. Following the civil rights era, the emergence of womxn of color collectives and their prolific written works took form in each time period differently. From alternative newspapers, zines, manifestos, and books, similar tactics and values persisted. These ideals typically aligned with the alternative presses from earlier time periods which valued personal stories, collaborative womxn of color voices and questioning the status quo.
The culmination of my research project takes form in the creation my own zine, informed by the many works I evaluated by different womxn of color. Seeking to understand and recreate the stylistic similarities and differences in the works I read over the summer, I tried to climb inside the minds of revolutionary womxn of color writers as we know them to be. The zine I created represents narrative examples of my findings, comparison among different communities, and strings that connect different womxn of color communities. My own original illustrations are inspired by the hand-drawn style and unique imagery present in the newsletters of various womxn of color collectives. I would also like to acknowledge the limitations of my project. Not every marginalized voice falling under the large term “womxn of color is present in this attempt to draw attention to the rich stories often omitted from history. Womxn of color includes a huge diversity of identities, cultures, experiences and intricacies that exist within and without the usage of written word as a form of recorded history. I hope my zine carves out a purposeful space showing the ways in which so many unique voices intersect and stem from each other across time
The effects of temperature on maternal investment of ovary tissue in the fish species Danio rerio
Get PDFThe impact of climate change is predicted to increase water temperatures by 2 °C on average globally within the next century. As ectotherms, fish metabolism is directly connected to ambient water temperature. With a shift in metabolism due to temperature change, physiological processes like maternal investment may be affected. This study is an ecological and developmental investigation of the impacts of shifting environmental temperature conditions on the reproductive traits of the fish species Danio rerio. This study investigated Danio rerio under different temperatures to measure maternal investment. Female Danio rerio were exposed to temperature treatments 20-30 °C. Ovary tissue was measured as a proxy for maternal investment. Female fish weight did not change across temperature treatments (p = 0.69). There was a clear trend of decreased ovary weight as temperature increased in each replicated trial (p = 0.078). This study indicates that increased temperature decreased maternal investment in Danio rerio. Future directions will be focused on studying the fitness impact of this effect on offspring
Failed Policy as Seen in the Solar Trade War
Get PDFIncreasing protectionist policies in the United States have attempted to protect solar manufacturing jobs; however, they have created negative repercussions for the majority of the industry. This paper aims to analyze the 2018 30% US tariff on all imported photovoltaic cells and modules and whether or not it has been an effective policy to protect and encourage the solar industry. To do so, the paper will analyze similar tariffs enacted in 2012 and 2014 by the United States to understand how the tariffs have been impacting the solar energy’s labor market and photovoltaic module and cell price fluctuations. By researching past trends, this paper will argue the 2018 tariff is a failed policy because it negatively impacts the majority of the solar market by increasing the price of photovoltaic cells and modules, and the tariff is set at an insufficient rate to protect domestic solar manufacturers efficiently. Future policy change is then needed to encourage solar jobs by focusing more on the installation sector, rather than the manufacturing industry
Barriers and Strategies by White Faculty Who Incorporate Anti-Racist Pedagogy
Get PDFThis study focused on the experiences of White faculty who incorporate an anti-racist framework into their college classrooms. The participants shared about the challenges of incorporating anti-racist pedagogy into their classrooms due to both perceived personal and institutional barriers. These participants perceived personal barriers stemming from an internalized struggle of understanding their own White identity while also struggling to be viewed as anti-racist educators by colleagues of color. These faculty participants also shared about perceived professional barriers which included the pressure to obtain tenure, perceived loss of control in the classroom by the students, and anti-racist work being disregarded by individuals in positions of institutional power. Through the use of narrative inquiry, five researchersexploredthe personal and professional barriers faced by White faculty engaging in anti-racist educational practices in the college classroom. The study included17 faculty participants teaching at predominately White private and public colleges and universities throughout the United States who teach in various academic disciplines. Findings revealed the ongoingbarriers in teaching anti-racism ideals and the discussion provides strategies and an emerging modelforincorporating intentional anti-racist pedagogy into the classroom
