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El crecimiento de universidades españolas que imparten el Grado en Nutrición Humana y Dietética: una llamada a la reflexión
Get PDF[ES] En los últimos años, la población mundial ha experimentado un incremento en el interés por la alimentación y la nutrición. Un ejemplo de ello es el aumento en el mercado de alimentos funcionales, derivado de un creciente reconocimiento de la importancia de una dieta saludable en la prevención y el tratamiento de enfermedades crónicas1. A su vez, este hecho ha provocado un incremento en la demanda de formación especializada en nutrición y dietéticaS
Comparative Analysis of the Health Status of Heart Transplant Patients with Different Levels of Physical Activity
Get PDF[EN] This study’s goals were to determine the health status of a group of heart transplant
recipients (HTRs) and their level of physical activity and to compare the health status among them and
with a group of healthy sedentary individuals. Fifty-four HTRs and eighteen sedentary individuals
(S) were assigned to four groups, according to their level of physical activity (determined with the
International Physical Activity Questionnaire); patients with a low, moderate, and high level of
physical activity (HTRL, HTRM, and HTRH, respectively) and S participants underwent a basic blood
analysis and several tests to assess their cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and functional mobility
condition and their quality of life. The S and HTRH were very similar in terms of BP, HR, and blood
analysis while HTRM and HTRL differed from both S and HTRH in these parameters. Regarding the
cardiovascular, neuromuscular, functional mobility, and quality of life variables assessed in this study,
HTRH showed the best results across all of them, followed by S, HTRM, and HTRL. It is suggested
that the weekly level of physical activity of HTRs should be high, which might help them to enhance
their health and quality of life.SIThis research received no external funding
Effects of the combination of exercise and education in the treatment of low back and/or pelvic pain in pregnant women: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Get PDF[EN] Background Lumbopelvic pain is considered the most frequent complication during pregnancy. Objective To compare whether the combination of exercise with education is more effective for the treatment of low back and/or pelvic pain (PP) than each of these interventions separately in pregnant women. Search Strategy A systematic review was performed in WOS, PEDro, PubMed, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The terms used were low back pain, PP, pregnancy, pregnant woman, exercise, exercise therapy, health education, and prenatal education. Selection Criteria The PICO question was then chosen as follows: P—population: pregnant women with nonspecific low back pain or PP; I—intervention: exercise therapy plus health education; C—control: only exercise therapy or only health education; O—outcome: characteristics of pain, disability, and kinesophobia; S—study designs: randomized controlled trial. Data Collection and Analysis Two reviewers independently screened articles for eligibility. The following inclusion criteria were applied for the selection of studies: (i) published in the past 10 years; (ii) exercise plus health education was administered compared with a group receiving either exercise or education alone; and (iii) the sample consisted of pregnant women with nonspecific low back pain or PP. This review excluded: (i) nonrandomized controlled trials; and (ii) articles whose full text was not available. The meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model, due to the observed heterogeneity. Main Results A total of 13 articles were selected. There is a significant decrease in pain in the combination of exercise and education compared with education alone (standardized mean difference, −0.29 [95% confidence interval, −0.47 to −0.11]). With respect to disability, there is a significant decrease in the exercise and education group compared with the group that only addressed education (standardized mean difference, −0.37 [95% CI, −0.60 to −0.14]). One article analyzed kinesophobia, reporting no significant changes. Conclusion The combination of exercise and education seems to be more effective in reducing pain and disability in pregnant women with low back and/or PP than the use of education alone. In kinesophobia, the results found are not significant.S
Mapping Las Médulas Roman Hydraulic System
No full text[EN] This study explores the Roman hydraulic system connected to the Las Médulas gold mining complex in Northwest Iberia. It includes detailed mapping and assessment of the extensive hydraulic network, which spans over 1,110 km, utilizing advanced geomatic techniques and an innovative canal tracing script developed in Matlab.
The research uncovers previously unidentified canals, enhances existing cartographic representations, and clarifies uncertainties regarding water sourcing and canal distribution. A total of 41 canals have been identified, distributed between the La Cabrera and El Bierzo regions (33 and 8, respectively), with 14 canals specifically supplying water to Las Médulas.
The findings indicate that this canal system served broader purposes beyond merely supporting mining operations at Las Médulas. Additionally, the results challenge established assumptions about the system’s water sources and provide new insights into the construction of this remarkable canal system. This work not only offers a comprehensive map of the Las Médulas hydraulic system but also serves as a model for effectively studying similar ancient hydraulic systems globally
The Penicillium Chrysogenum Extracellular Proteome. Conversion from a Food-rotting Strain to a Versatile Cell Factory for White Biotechnology
Get PDF[EN] The filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum is wellknown by its ability to synthesize -lactam antibiotics as well as other secondary metabolites. Like other filamentous fungi, this microorganism is an excellent host for secretion of extracellular proteins because of the high capacity of its protein secretion machinery. In this work, we have characterized the extracellular proteome reference map of P.
hrysogenum Wisconsin 54 –1255 by twodimensional gel electrophoresis. This method allowed the correct identification of 279 spots by peptide mass fingerprinting and tandem MS. These 279 spots included 328
correctly identified proteins, which corresponded to 131 different proteins and their isoforms. One hundred and two proteins out of 131 were predicted to contain either classical or nonclassical secretion signal peptide sequences, providing evidence of the authentic extracellular location of these proteins. Proteins with higher representation in the extracellular proteome were those involved in plant cell wall degradation (polygalacturonase, pectate lyase, and glucan 1,3- -glucosidase), utilization of nutrients (extracellular acid phosphatases and 6-hydroxy-Dnicotine oxidase), and stress response (catalase R). This filamentous fungus also secretes enzymes specially relevant for food industry, such as sulfydryl oxidase, dihydroxy-acid dehydratase, or glucoamylase. The identification of several antigens in the extracellular proteome
also highlights the importance of this microorganism as one of the main indoor allergens. Comparison of the extracellular proteome among three strains of P. chrysogenum, the wild-type NRRL 1951, the Wis 54 –1255 (an improved, moderate penicillin producer), and the AS-P-78 (a penicillin high-producer), provided important insights to consider improved strains of this filamentous fungus as versatile cell-factories of interest, beyond antibiotic production, for other aspects of white biotechnology.S
A Novel Active DNA Topoisomerase I in Leishmania donovani
Get PDF[EN] A common feature shared by type I DNA topoisomerases is the presence of a “serine, lysine, X, X, tyrosine” motif as conventional enzyme active site. Preliminary data have shown that Leishmania donovani DNA topoisomerase I gene (LdTOP1A) lacked this conserved motif, giving rise to different theories about the reconstitution of an active DNA topoisomerase I in this parasite. We, herein, describe the molecular cloning of a new DNA topoisomerase I gene from L. donovani (LdTOP1B) containing the highly conserved serine, lysine, X, X, tyrosine motif. DNA topoisomerase I activity was detected
only when both genes (LdTOP1A and LdTOP1B) were co-expressed in a yeast expression system, suggesting the existence of a dimeric DNA topoisomerase I in Leishmania parasites.S
Características, comparações e desfechos de hospitalização e mortalidade por COVID - 19 na população obstétrica e não obstétrica: E studo de coorte
Get PDF[EN] Objective: To explore the impact of COVID
-
19 on morbidity and mortality among pregnant, postpartum and non
-
pregnant women hospitalized in Brazil. Method: This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the Brazilian
Epidemiological Surveillance Inform
ation System (SIVEP
-
Gripe), covering epidemiological weeks from December 29,
2019 to January 2, 2021.Data were collected through the Brazilian SIVEP
-
Gripe; these data include sociodemographic
aspects, comorbidities and other outcomes derived from hospitali
zation. Results: 40,640 hospitalized women aged
between 10 and 49 years were categorized as pregnant (n=3,372), puerperal (n=794) and non
-
pregnant (n=36,474). The
19.3% of non
-
pregnant and non
-
postpartum women had no associated comorbidities, compared to
57.7% of pregnant
women and 73.3% of postpartum women. There was an increased risk of oxygen saturation below 95% in postpartum
women compared to pregnant women. Conclusion:
Similarly, a
higher risk of mortality was observed in postpartum
women compared to pregnant women. There were no differences in the risk of morbidity and mortality associated with
COVID
-
19 between non
-
pregnant and pregnant women[PT] Objetivo: Explorar o impacto da COVID
-
19 na morbidade e
mortalidade entre mulheres grávidas, puérperas e não
grávidas hospitalizadas no Brasil. Método: Trata
-
se de um estudo de coorte retrospectivo utilizando dados do Sistema
de Informações sobre Vigilância Epidemiológica (SIVEP
-
Gripe) do Brasil, abrangendo sem
anas epidemiológicas de 29
de dezembro de 2019 a 02 de janeiro de 2021.Os dados foram coletados através do SIVEP
-
Gripe do Brasil; esses dados
incluem aspectos sociodemográficos, comorbidades e outros desfechos derivados da hospitalização. Resultados: 40.64
0
mulheres hospitalizadas com idade entre 10 e 49 anos, categorizadas nos grupos de gestantes (n=3.372), puérperas
(n=794) e não gestantes (n=36.474). As 19,3% das mulheres não grávidas e não pós
-
parto não apresentavam
comorbidades associadas, em comparaç
ão com 57,7% das gestantes e 73,3% das mulheres pós
-
parto. Verificou
-
se um
risco acrescido de saturação de oxigénio inferior a 95% nas mulheres no pós
-
parto em comparação com as mulheres
grávidas. Conclusão:
Da mesma forma, foi observado um maior risco de
mortalidade nas mulheres no pós
-
parto em
comparação com as mulheres grávidas. Não foram evidenciadas diferenças no risco de morbidade e mortalidade
associadas à COVID
-
19 entre mulheres não grávidas e grávidas[ES] Objetivo: Explorar el impacto del COVID
-
19 en la morbilidad y mortalidad entre las mujeres embarazadas, puérperas
y no embarazadas hospitalizadas en Brasil. Método: Se trata de un estudio de cohortes retrospectivo que utiliza datos
del Sistema de Informaci
ón de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Brasil (SIVEP
-
Gripe), abarcando las semanas
epidemiológicas del 29 de diciembre de 2019 al 02 de enero de 2021.Los datos se recopilaron a través del SIVEP
-
Gripe
brasileño; estos datos incluyen aspectos sociodemográficos,
comorbilidades y otros resultados derivados de la
hospitalización. Resultados: 40.640 mujeres hospitalizadas entre 10 y 49 años, categorizadas en gestantes (n=3.372),
puérperas (n=794) y no gestantes (n=36.474). El 19,3% de las mujeres no embarazadas y no
puérperas no tenían
comorbilidades asociadas, en comparación con el 57,7% de las embarazadas y el 73,3% de las puérperas. Hubo un
mayor riesgo de saturación de oxígeno inferior al 95% en las puérperas en comparación con las embarazadas.
Conclusión:
Del mi
smo modo, se observó un mayor riesgo de mortalidad en las puérperas en comparación con las
embarazadas. No hubo diferencias en el riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad asociado a la COVID
-
19 entre las mujeres
no embarazadas y las embarazadasS
The Evolution of Leonese Wrestling: From Tradition to a Vernacular Sport
No full text[EN] Leonese Wrestling (lucha leonesa, also known as aluches or luches) is an ancient wrestling style that nowadays is practised as a traditional sport in the province of León, Spain. Unlike many other wrestling styles, which were popular across the Spanish territory during most of the 20th century, it has resisted the many crises that led to their disappearance. In contrast, aluches soon enough found strong support in the later called movement of “Cultural Leonesism”, which promoted Leonese wrestling as an expression of Leonese culture and identity. For some decades, the “new” version of Leonese Wrestling, which started to follow a sportification process, coexisted with the old-style one, which was more local and diverse in terms of cultural elements, until it vanished. From then on, Leonese Wrestling has evolved, having as main priorities its development as a sport and the maintenance of its identity and value as a cultural asset. This chapter describes the evolution of Leonese Wrestling since the first decades of the 20th century to date, taking as reference the conception of Leonese Wrestling as a sport and an identitary tradition, with both aspects not always easy to balance and usually leading to conflict among Leonese Wrestling actors and stakeholders
Unexplored microbial diversity from 2,500 food metagenomes and links with the human microbiome
Get PDF[EN]Complex microbiomes are part of the food we eat and influence our own microbiome, but their diversity remains largely unexplored. Here, we generated the open access curatedFoodMetagenomicData (cFMD) resource by integrating 1,950 newly sequenced and 583 public food metagenomes. We produced 10,899 metagenome-assembled genomes spanning 1,036 prokaryotic and 108 eukaryotic species-level genome bins (SGBs), including 320 previously undescribed taxa. Food SGBs displayed significant microbial diversity within and between food categories. Extension to >20,000 human metagenomes revealed that food SGBs accounted on average for 3% of the adult gut microbiome. Strain-level analysis highlighted potential instances of food-to-gut transmission and intestinal colonization (e.g., Lacticaseibacillus paracasei) as well as SGBs with divergent genomic structures in food and humans (e.g., Streptococcus gallolyticus and Limosilactobabillus mucosae). The cFMD expands our knowledge on food microbiomes, their role in shaping the human microbiome, and supports future uses of metagenomics for food quality, safety, and authentication.S
Reseña de: Rodrigo Tascón López. Hacia la eficiencia procesal en el orden social de la jurisdicción. Cizur Menor: Aranzadi, 2023. 1ª edición, 204 páginas. ISBN 9788411624862
No full text[ES] La obra reseñada es el brillante y sobresaliente resultado de la investigación que dio lugar al ejercicio de cátedra que defendió con la solvencia que lo caracteriza el Profesor TASCÓN LÓPEZ. La monografía da buena muestra de la experiencia acumulada de su autor en la noble materia del Derecho Procesal del Trabajo; no en vano se erige desde hace años como un auténtico referente para quienes se acercan al estudio del sistema normativo que regula y controla el ejercicio de la potestad jurisdiccional. Rama del ordenamiento jurídico por la que siente especial predilección desde que comenzó su andadura en la Academia, con una magnífica tesis doctoral sobre la ejecución de condenas por obligaciones de hacer y no hacer en el orden social de la jurisdicción, y que no ha descuidado nunca en su labor docente e investigadora