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La oratoria en las sesiones prácticas de la asignatura "Derecho Internacional Privado"
No full text[ES]
Asombrosamente, a pesar de que usamos el lenguaje de manera continua, pocas veces nos detenemos a pensar en su utilidad pese a que este es el vehículo del pensamiento, el instrumento mediante el cual conocemos y expresamos a otras personas lo que pensamos. En este contexto, las deficiencias en la comunicación, exposición, argumentación, y, en definitiva, en el desarrollo del discurso han puesto en evidencia la gran laguna existente en la formación de nuestros alumnos, pues no debemos obviar que, entre los profesores universitarios, generalmente, lo escrito prima sobre lo oral. Esta necesidad se ve acrecentada en el mundo jurídico. El estudiante de Derecho en el ejercicio de su futura profesión tendrá que dominar la palabra. Este discente en el futuro -sea letrado, magistrado, fiscal o docente, entre otras...- tendrá que dirigirse al público, hablar ante un auditorio y, en la mayoría de los casos, elaborar discursos en los que tenga que transmitir cono-cimientos, pensamientos, aconsejar, persuadir, convencer, influir en decisiones, y entusiasmar al que le escucha. En definitiva, ser un buen orador
The food-associated resistome is shaped by processing and production environments
Get PDF[EN] Food production systems may act as transmission routes for antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria and AMR genes (AMRGs) to humans. However, the food resistome remains poorly characterized. Here 1,780 raw-material (milk, brine, fresh meat and so on), end-product (cheese, fish, meat products and vegetables) and surface (processing, cooling, smoking, ripening and packing rooms) samples from 113 food processing facilities were subjected to whole-metagenome sequencing. Assembly-free analyses demonstrated that >70% of all known AMRGs, including many predicted to confer resistance to critically important antibiotics, circulate throughout food production chains, with those conferring resistance to tetracyclines, β-lactams, aminoglycosides and macrolides being the most abundant overall. An assembly-based analysis highlighted that bacteria from the ESKAPEE group, together with Staphylococcus equorum and Acinetobacter johnsonii, were the main AMRG carriers. Further evaluation demonstrated that ~40% of the AMRGs were associated with mobile genetic elements, mainly plasmids. These findings will help guide the appropriate use of biocides and other antimicrobials in food production settings when designing efficient antimicrobial stewardship policiesSIThis work was funded by the European Commission under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 818368 (MASTER). N.M.Q. is currently funded under the Generation D initiative, promoted by Red.es, an organization attached to the Ministry for Digital Transformation and the Civil Service, for the attraction and retention of talent through grants and training contracts, financed by the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan through the European Union’s Next Generation funds (ref. MMT24-IBFG-01). C.B. is grateful to Junta de Castilla y León and the European Social Fund for awarding her a predoctoral grant (grant no. BOCYL-D-07072020-6). The COMET-K1 competence centre FFoQSI (number 881882) is funded by the Austrian federal ministries BMK, BMDW and the Austrian provinces Lower Austria, Upper Austria and Vienna within the scope of COMET - Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies. The program COMET is handled by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency, FF
Variabilidad del fotobionte liquénico: influencia del ambiente y el sustrato
Get PDF[ES] En este estudio se han analizado las diferencias en densidad y viabilidad de las algas de Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach. recolectadas en diferentes ambientes y sobre distintos forófitos
Preliminary Hydrogeological Investigations for Sustainable Development in the Courel Mountains UNESCO Global Geopark (NW Spain)
No full text[EN] Karst aquifers and, especially, their caves and springs, are singular sites of the geoheritage due to their scientific, touristic and use (water resources) values. Besides, they are recognized as habitats of special protection by the Habitat Directive (92/43/CEE) and would be used for sustainable development in UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGp). However, their management continues to be a challenge at the present day since karst aquifers and their associated springs and caves are vulnerable environments used by many actors and affected by land uses and changes in surface hydrology and groundwater. Our work aims to implement of a suitable management of aquifers and springs in the Courel Mountains UGGp based on hydrogeological studies. The studies include mainly the characterization of aquifers’ functioning, the elaboration of the spring inventory, physicochemical analyses and geoconservation actions.This work is funded by the Courel Mountains UGGp and the project IGCP-730 Hydrogeological significance of Mediterranean geoparks, and supported by the International Geosciences Program of UNESCO. We thank local people and volunteers for their collaboration in the hydrological research and geoconservation actions. We acknowledge Prof. G. Veni for his constructive review
Evaluation of the effect of red cabbage waste on performance, egg quality, and yolk oxidative stability of laying Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica)
Get PDF[EN]This study investigates the effects of red cabbage waste (RCW) as a dietary supplement on the performance, egg quality, and oxidative stability of yolk in laying Japanese quails. Given its rich phenolic content, RCW has been investigated as a natural feed additive to reduce food waste and enhance poultry diets. In a six-week trial, 120 quails were divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates and fed diets with 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% RCW. Performance parameters, internal and external egg quality, and antioxidant status were measured. RCW supplementation had no significant impact on overall quail performance. Quails fed with 0.5% RCW showed notable improvements in internal egg quality, especially in the albumen index, Haugh unit, and eggshell thickness. Additionally, incorporating 0.5% RCW into the diet improved the yolk’s antioxidant activity, as evidenced by reduced MDA levels. However, other egg quality traits, including the antioxidant capacity of the yolk, had deteriorated with concentrations above 0.5%, indicating that a moderate inclusion of 0.5% RCW is the most favourable option. The findings underscore that RCW could be sustainably used to improve egg quality without compromising performance, while managing food waste, presenting a potential circular economy solution. Nevertheless, further research is encouraged to optimize RCW levels and fully understand its benefits in poultry feed.S
Re-evaluating riboflavin requirements for laying quails: Implications for productivity and yolk antioxidant function
Get PDF[EN]This study evaluated the effects of increasing dietary riboflavin levels on laying performance, egg quality, and yolk antioxidant status in Japanese quails, to reassess current riboflavin requirements. A total of 120 female quails (77 days old) were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 mg/kg riboflavin supplementation on an as-fed basis), with six replicates of four birds each. The trial lasted 84 days. The basal diet contained 1.56 mg/kg riboflavin. Supplementation with 2 mg/kg riboflavin significantly improved egg production (EP), egg mass (EM), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR), compared to the control group (P 0.05). Internal egg quality, including yolk index, albumen index, and Haugh unit, was significantly improved at 8 and 12 mg/kg riboflavin (P < 0.01). In terms of antioxidant capacity, yolk DPPH radical scavenging activity increased linearly with riboflavin supplementation (P < 0.01), while malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations decreased, particularly at 12 mg/kg (P = 0.025). These findings suggest that riboflavin plays a role in enhancing redox balance in egg yolk. In conclusion, riboflavin supplementation between 6.50–7.04 mg/kg (total dietary levels: 8.06–8.60 mg/kg) was sufficient to maintain optimal performance and improve internal egg quality and antioxidant status in laying quails, suggesting that current riboflavin recommendations may underestimate physiological needs, particularly under modern production conditions.S
Biosolutions from Native Trichoderma Strains Against Grapevine Trunk Diseases
Get PDF[EN] Fungi of the genus Trichoderma show strong potential as biological control agents (BCAs)
against grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) through mechanisms like antibiotic metabolite
production and lytic enzymes. This study evaluated the biocontrol activity of four native
Trichoderma strains—T. gamsii T065 and T071, T. carraovejensis T154, and T. harzianum T214—
against Phaeoacremonium minimum, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, and Diplodia seriata. Culture
filtrates obtained at 8, 16, and 24 days post-incubation were tested using antibiogram and
mycelial inhibition assays. Strains T071, T154, and T214 effectively inhibited D. seriata, while
T154 and T214 also suppressed P. chlamydospora. Nevertheless, the limited effectiveness of
all filtrates against P. minimum suggests that antibiosis is not the predominant mechanism
involved in its control. These findings highlight the potential of specific Trichoderma strains
and incubation times to directly control GTD pathogens and support the development of
scalable biocontrol solutionsSIThe authors declare that this study received funding from project “LOWPHWINE IDI– 20210391” “Estudio de nuevos factores relacionados con el suelo, la planta y la microbiota enológica que influyen en el equilibrio de la acidez de los vinos y en su garantía de calidad y estabilidad en climas cálidos” which was granted by the Centro para el Desarrollo tecnológico Industrial (CDTI), the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Spain
Strength-Dependent Differences in the Magnitude and Time Course of Post-Activation Performance Enhancement in High Jump Athletes
Get PDF[EN] Background: A post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) can acutely improve
explosive actions, but its time course may be influenced by individual strength levels.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the performance responses following
three PAPE protocols, considering the strength level as a modulating factor in trained high
jump athletes. Methods: Twenty-one male high jumpers (Tier 3) were divided into stronger
(SG, n = 10) and weaker (WG, n = 11) groups based on the median load (80 kg) lifted at
0.8 m/s in a velocity-based half-squat test. The participants completed three squat-based
PAPE protocols (velocity loss thresholds of 5%, 10%, and 15%) in a randomized, double-
blind crossover design. Their performance in a 10 m sprint (S10) and a countermovement
jump (CMJ) was assessed at baseline and 0, 4, 8, and 12 min post-intervention. Results:
No significant three-way interactions were observed for the S10 or CMJ performance
(p > 0.05). The absolute CMJ performance was consistently higher in the SG across all
the time points (p < 0.001, d = 1.25, large), with significant peak values observed at 4 min
post-activation. However, both groups exhibited transient improvements in their S10 and
CMJ performance that were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and of a large magnitude
(d = 1.93–3.15), observed at 4 and/or 8 min post-activation, which subsequently declined by
12 min. Conclusions: The strength level modulates both the time course and the magnitude
of the PAPE. Stronger athletes responded better to both less and more demanding protocols
(5% to 15% velocity loss thresholds) with a 4–8 min recovery, whereas weaker athletes
benefited mainly from less demanding stimuli (5% velocity loss thresholds), provided that
the recovery was sufficient (≈4 min) to allow potentiation to emerge. However, with more
demanding protocols (15% velocity loss thresholds), a longer recovery period (≈8 min)
appears necessaryS
Occupational risk prevention in the health sector: occupational risk assessment of a general hospital
Get PDF[ES] El contenido de este Trabajo de Fin de Máster versa sobre la importancia de la gestión de la Prevención de Riesgos Laborales en el entorno hospitalario. Se realiza un enfoque contextual acerca de este ámbito que pretende acercar al lector a la realidad del trabajo en un hospital desde el punto de vista preventivo, para más adelante realizar una propuesta de Evaluación de Riesgos Laborales que responda a las necesidades de los trabajadores en cuanto a los riesgos a los que están expuestos diariamente en el desarrollo de sus tareas, tratando así de mitigar estos riesgos y salvaguardar la salud de estos profesionales. La Prevención de Riesgos Laborales destaca su importancia en este entorno puesto que tiene un doble objetivo: preservar la salud de los trabajadores para poder cuidar a su vez la de los pacientes.[EN] The content of this Master's Thesis deals with the importance of Occupational Risk Prevention management in the hospital environment. A contextual approach is made about this area that aims to bring the reader closer to the reality of working in a hospital from the preventive point of view, to later make a proposal for Occupational Risk Assessment that meets the needs of workers in terms of the risks to which they are exposed daily in the development of their tasks, thus trying to mitigate these risks and safeguard the health of these professionals. The Prevention of Occupational Risks highlights its importance in this environment since it has a double objective: to preserve the health of the workers in order to take care of the health of the patients
Does the addition of choline and/or betaine to diets reduce the methionine requirements of laying quails? Assessment of performance and egg antioxidant capacity
Get PDF[EN] The purpose of the present study was to assess the performance, quality of eggs internally and externally, and antioxidant capacity of yolks in laying quails with the administration of choline and betaine to diets containing reduced methionine levels. A total of 150 Japanese laying quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at the 10-wk age were randomly assigned to 6 experimental groups, each consisting of 5 replicates and 5 birds for 10 wk. The treatment diets were designed by adding the following substances: 0.45% methionine (C), 0.30% methionine (LM), 0.30% methionine + 0.15% choline (LMC), 0.30% methionine + 0.20% betaine (LMB), 0.30% methionine + 0.075% choline + 0.10% betaine (LMCB1), 0.30% methionine + 0.15% choline + 0.20% betaine (LMCB2). The treatments did not affect performance, egg production, or egg internal quality (P > 0.05). No significant effect was determined on the damaged egg rate (P > 0.05), but the egg-breaking strength, eggshell thickness, and eggshell relative weight decreased in the LMCB2 group (P 0.05), although the lowest thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value was observed in the LMB compared to the control group (P < 0.05). It may be summarized that methionine can be decreased to levels of 0.30% for laying quail diets with no negative effect on performance, egg production, or egg internal quality, whereas the combination of methionine (0.30%) and betaine (0.2%) could improve antioxidant stability of eggs over the 10-wk experimental period. These findings provide useful information to the traditional recommendations on the requirements of laying quail. However, further studies are needed to test whether these effects persist throughout extended study periodsS