28492 research outputs found
Sort by
Utility of oral fluid samples to determine hepatitis B virus genotypes, mutations and phylogenetic analysis
No full textOs autores externos submeteram sua publicação para apresentação de trabalho no evento “International Symposium on Immunobiologicals”, que foi coordenado e organizado pelo Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos (Bio-Manguinhos), da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Identification and validation of genes candidates as targets for treatment and diagnosis of breast cancer
No full textOs autores externos submeteram sua publicação para apresentação de trabalho no evento “International Symposium on Immunobiologicals”, que foi coordenado e organizado pelo Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos (Bio-Manguinhos), da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
In silico identification of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins in Paracoccidioides spp
No full textAim: To predict glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins in the genome of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii. Materials & methods: Five different bioinformatics tools were used for predicting GPI-anchored proteins; we considered as GPI-anchored proteins those detected by at least two in silico analysis methods. We also performed the proteomic analysis of P. brasiliensis cell wall by mass spectrometry. Results: Hundred GPI-anchored proteins were predicted in P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii genomes. A series of 57 proteins were classified in functional categories and 43 conserved proteins were reported with unknown functions. Four proteins identified by in silico analyses were also identified in the cell wall proteome. Conclusion: The data obtained in this study are important resources for future research of GPI-anchored proteins in Paracoccidioides spp. to identify targets for new diagnostic tools, drugs and immunological tests
Efficacy of Spironolactone treatment in murine models of Cutaneous and Visceral Leishmaniasis
No full textTranslational studies involving the reuse and association of drugs are approaches that
can result in higher success rates in the discovery and development of drugs for serious
public health problems, including leishmaniasis. If we consider the number of
pathogenic species in relation to therapeutic options, this arsenal is still small, and
each drug possesses a disadvantage in terms of toxicity, efficacy, price, or treatment
regimen. In the search for new drugs, we performed a drug screening of L.
amazonensis promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of fifty available drugs
belonging to several classes according to their pharmacophoric group.
Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, proved to be the most promising
drug candidate. After demonstrating the in vitro antileishmanial activity, we
evaluated the efficacy on a murine experimental model with L. amazonensis and L.
infantum. The treatment controlled the cutaneous lesion and reduced the parasite
burden of L. amazonensis significantly, as effectively as meglumine antimoniate. The
treatment of experimental visceral leishmaniasis was effective in reducing the parasite
load on the main affected organs (spleen and liver) via high doses of spironolactone.
The association between spironolactone and meglumine antimoniate promoted better
control of the parasite load in the spleen and liver compared to the group treated with
meglumine antimoniate alone. These results reveal a possible benefit of the concomitant use
of spironolactone and meglumine antimoniate that should be studied more in depth for the
future possibility of repositioning for leishmaniasis co-therapy
Avaliação do impacto da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 no curso clínico-laboratorial de portadores de hepatites
No full textEstudos demonstraram que pacientes infectados pelo SARS-CoV-2 podem desenvolver diferentes graus de lesão hepática. Entretanto, o impacto da infecção ainda permanece desconhecido. O objetivo deste estudo observacional e longitudinal foi avaliar o impacto da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 em pacientes com hepatite (viral ou não). Para este fim, foram incluídos 4 grupos: i) indivíduos com hepatite de natureza viral ou não, ii) indivíduos com hepatite e COVID-19, iii) indivíduos com COVID-19 e iv) indivíduos sem hepatite e sem COVID-19 (controle). Os pacientes foram recrutados após assinatura de termo de consentimento e acompanhados por até 360 dias. Os pacientes responderam ao questionário estruturado e em cada visita foi feita coleta de secreção respiratória para detecção do RNA do SARS-CoV-2 por RT-qPCR e coleta de sangue para realização de hemograma completo, dosagem de marcadores bioquímicos e marcadores sorológicos para hepatites B e C e COVID19. Foram incluídos 230 indivíduos dos quais 40% (90/230) possuíam hepatites e deste grupo a detecção do RNA do SARS-CoV-2 foi de 14% (13/90). Como esperado, alterações no hepatograma foram encontradas em pacientes portadores de hepatites, assim como histórico de icterícia, 47% (36/77) apresentavam GGT elevado, 27% (21/77) bilirrubina total elevado, 36% (28/77) elevação de ALT e 27% (21/77) tinham altos níveis de AST Foi encontrada uma frequência de 71,4% (15/21) de anti-SARS-CoV-2 na população total do estudo ao final do acompanhamento, o que pode representar contato prévio ou histórico de vacinação. O uso de medicamento para COVID-19 se apresentou como fator de risco para os portadores de hepatites (4,850 IC 95% 1,463 – 16,081) e hepatites/COVID-19 (53,342 IC 95% 6,349 – 448,137), estes medicamentos já foram descritos como potencializador de lesões no fígado. Destaque para o grau de fibrose avançada (F3-F4) calculados pelo método FIB-4, encontrado no grupo hepatite/COVID-19 no final do acompanhamento, o que pode representar um agravamento da lesão hepática neste grupo após a infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2. Marcadores bioquímicos específicos como PCR (33,5 ± 83,3 mg/dL) bilirrubina total (10 ± 30,2 mg/dL) e creatinina (6,1 ± 17,5 mg/dL) se apresentaram com níveis médios elevados no grupo hepatite/COVID quando comparado aos outros grupos. Outros estudos também demonstraram alteração destes marcadores em pacientes com COVID-19. Portanto, concluiu-se que grau de fibrose elevada, alteração de marcadores bioquímicos específicos e risco no uso de medicamentos para a COVID-19 estiveram presente em pacientes com hepatite e COVID-19, salientando a gravidade destas infecções para lesões hepáticasStudies have shown that patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 can develop different degrees of liver damage, but the impact of the infection remains unknown. The aim of this observational and longitudinal study was to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with hepatitis (viral or not). For this purpose, 4 groups were included: i) individuals with viral or non-viral hepatitis, ii) people with hepatitis and COVID-19, iii) people with COVID-19 and iv) individuals who do not have either hepatitis or COVID-19 (control). Patients were recruited after signing a consent form and followed up for up to 360. Patients answered the structured questionnaire, and at each visit, respiratory samples were collected to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA by RT-qPCR and blood was collected to perform a complete blood count, dosage of biochemical and serological markers for hepatitis B and C and COVID-19. We included 230 individuals, of which 40% (90/230) had hepatitis and from this group the detection of RNA of SARS-CoV-2 was 14% (13/90). As expected, alterations in the hepatogram and history of haundice were found in patients with hepatites, 47% (36/77) had elevated GGT, 27% (21/77) had elevated total bilirubin, 36% (28/77) had elevated of ALT and 27% (21/77) had high levels of AST. A frequency of 71.4% (15/21) of anti-SARS-CoV-2 was found in the total study population at the end of follow-up, which may represent previous contact or vaccination history The use of medication for COVID-19 was presented as a risk factor for hepatites patients (4,850 CI 95% 1,463 - 16,081) and hepatitis/COVID-19 (53,342 CI 95% 6,349 - 448,137), these medications have already been described as potentiator of liver damage. Highlight for the degree of advanced fibrosis (F3-F4) calculated by the FIB-4 method, found in the hepatitis/COVID-19 group at the end of follow-up, which may represent a worsening of liver damage in this group after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Specific biochemical markers such as CRP (33.5 ± 83.3 mg/dL), total bilirubin (10 ± 30.2 mg/dL) and creatinine (6.1 ± 17.5 mg/dL) presented high mean levels in the hepatitis/COVID group when compared to the other groups. Other studies have also shown changes in these markers in patients with COVID-19, a change in previous blood glucose also present in this group. Therefore, it was concluded that high degree of fibrosis, alteration of specific biochemical markers and risk in the use of drugs for a COVID-19 is present in patients with hepatitis and COVID-19, highlighting the severity of these infections for liver damage2025-02-0
Determinantes psicossociais de atividade física entre trabalhadores: uma revisão integrativa
No full textO conhecimento sobre os determinantes psicossociais da atividade física é essencial para viabilizar intervenções
preventivas e terapêuticas no ambiente do trabalho. Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre
os fatores psicossociais que têm sido associados à atividade física entre trabalhadores. Os estudos foram selecionados em dezembro
de 2019, com os seguintes descritores de busca: “physical activity”, “physical exercise”, “psychosocial”, “workers” e “working‑age”, em
três bases de dados: Scopus, Web of Science e PubMed, sem restrição de tempo. Foram avaliados 39 estudos publicados entre
1991 e 2019. Fumo, estresse, condições psicossociais de trabalho, depressão, ansiedade, relações sociais, capacidade para o trabalho,
satisfação no trabalho, burnout e autoeficácia foram os determinantes da atividade física sob investigação entre os trabalhadores.
Algumas consistências e controvérsias sobre as associações entre esses determinantes e a prática de atividade física foram observadas
e discutidas, juntamente com sugestões para estudos futuros. Intervenções de atividade física com o objetivo de reduzir os fatores
psicossociais de risco no ambiente de trabalho podem considerar os achados da presente revisão.Knowledge of the psychosocial determinants of physical activity is critical to informing preventive and therapeutic interventions in the workplace. This study reviewed available evidence on psychosocial factors that have been associated with physical activity among workers. Studies were selected in December 2019 from the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases, with no date limits, using the following search terms: "physical activity", "physical exercise", "psychosocial", "workers", and "working-age". Thirty-nine studies published between 1991 and 2019 were evaluated. The determinants of physical activity investigated among workers were smoking status, stress, psychosocial working conditions, depression, anxiety, social relationships, work ability, job satisfaction, burnout, and self-efficacy. Some consistencies and controversies were observed in the associations among these determinants and physical activity and are discussed, as are suggestions for future studies. The findings of this review may be of interest to physical activity interventions designed to reduce psychosocial risks factors in work environments
Periodontitis and its higher levels of severity are associated with the triglyceride/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio
No full text“Documento protegido em parceria ou por autor vinculado à Fiocruz, mas não consta à informação no documento”. BARRETO, Maurício Lima. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Research Support Foundation of the State of Bahia
(FAPESB), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; The National Council
for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq),
Brasilia, Brazil, and Feira de Santana State University,
Bahia, Brazil.Periodontitis and the Triglyceride/High Density Lipoprotein
Cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio have both been associated with cardiovascular
disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. Additionally, the ratio is a possible
substitute for predicting insulin resistance. This study investigated the association
between periodontitis, its severity levels (exposures), and the TG/HDL-C
ratio (outcome).
Methods: A cross-sectional study of public health service users in Brazil considered
socioeconomic-demographic characteristics, lifestyle behavior, and general
and oral health conditions. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure
were also measured. Systemic biomarker data were obtained, as well as assessment
of periodontal diagnosis and its severity. The TG/HDL-C ratio was calculated
using the serum triglyceride level over HDL cholesterol and the cut-off
point, TG/HDL-C ≥2.3 serving as the cutoff indicting dyslipidemia. Logistic and
linear regressions were used to statistically analyze the data.
Results: A total of 1011 participantswere included, with 84.17% having periodontitis
and 49.85% having a TG/HDL-C ratio ≥2.3. For individuals with periodontitis,
the odds of TG/HDL-C ratio ≥2.3 were 1.47 times greater than in those without
periodontitis (ORAdjusted =1.47, 95% CI: 1.02–2.14). Similar resultswere found
for those with moderate and severe periodontitis, with a slight increase in the
measurement magnitude with disease severity.
Conclusion: A positive relationship between periodontitis and the TG/HDL-C
ratio ≥2.3 was found, suggesting a possible association with periodontal disease
severity
Aspectos Psicoafetivos e Abordagem Familiar no contexto da Prematuridade
No full textApresentamos os aspectos psicoafetivos presentes no contexto da prematuridade e seus impactos no desenvolvimento da criança, a partir da abordagem do Cuidado Centrado na Família.FiocruzTex
High prevalence of anal high-risk HPV infection among transwomen: estimates from a Brazilian RDS study
No full textIntroduction: As the leading sexually transmitted infection worldwide, human papillomavirus (HPV) may disproportionately affect transwomen. We aimed to estimate anal HPV prevalence, especially focusing on high-risk (hr)-HPV types and evaluate their associated factors among transwomen living in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Methods: Transwomen enrolled in a respondent-driven sampling (RDS)-based survey conducted between August 2015 and January 2016 self-collected anal samples, which were promptly stored at minus 80°C. After DNA extraction, HPV detection and genotyping were performed using the PapilloCheck test. We estimated HPV prevalences and evaluated the correlates of anal hr-HPV infection using a regression logistic model.
Results: Out of 345 transwomen, 272 (78.8%) were included in this analysis (122 [44.9%] HIV-positive). No participant had ever received HPV vaccination. Among participants enrolled, 212 (77.9%) were positive for any anal HPV type and 165 (60.7%) for hr-HPV. Most common hr-HPV were as follows: HPV16 (17.6%), HPV68 (14.7%), HPV39 (14.3%), HPV56 (12.5%), HPV51 (11.4%) and HPV52 (11.0%). HIV-positive transwomen had three times the odds of having an hr-HPV compared to HIV-negative transwomen. Participants who had a current rectal Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection had 3.7 times the odds of being coinfected with hr-HPV. Among HIV-positive transwomen, neither antiretroviral therapy use, undetectable viral load, current and nadir CD4 counts were associated with anal hr-HPV infection.
Conclusions: Brazilian transwomen in our study exhibit some of the highest population-specific rates of HPV and hr-HPV. There is an urgent need to elucidate the burden of HPV infection, prevalence of HPV-related diseases and access to and uptake of HPV vaccination among transwomen, especially from low- and middle-income settings