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Implementation Evaluation of the Reference Centers for Special Immunobiologicals in Federal District
No full textO Centro de Referência para Imunobiológicos Especiais (CRIE) é um componente do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (PNI) que foi implantado no Brasil a partir de 1993 com a proposta de atender às situações especiais de vacinação e os eventos adversos pós vacinais. Os locais onde funcionam os CRIE oferecem imunobiológicos não disponíveis em salas de vacina de rotina, além de permitir, após avaliação de condições clínicas dos pacientes, esquema diferenciado de vacinação. Como objetivo geral, temos: avaliar o grau de implantação (GI) dos Centros de Referência para Imunobiológicos Especiais no Distrito Federal considerando o contexto político-organizacional. Quanto à metodologia, foi realizada uma avaliação de implantação do tipo 1b, de caráter quanti-qualitativo, utilizando-se como estratégia de pesquisa o estudo de caso. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de março a maio de 2021 através de entrevistas online semiestruturadas com os quatro chefes de CRIE e com a Gerência de Vigilância de Doenças Imunopreveníveis e de Transmissão Hídrica e Alimentar (GEVITHA), além de questionário online e análise documental. Foram utilizados, como instrumentos de análise, o modelo lógico da intervenção e matrizes de análise julgamento. Em se tratando de resultados, O GI do CRIE no Distrito Federal foi de 68,5% (parcialmente satisfatório), variando de 60,4% (Unidade D – parcialmente satisfatório) a 82,1% (Unidade B - satisfatório). No componente “processo”, concentraram-se as maiores e menores pontuações com a subdimensão “qualidade técnico-científica” e “oportunidade” atingindo 79,7% e 53,8% da pontuação esperada, respectivamente. Corroboraram para uma implantação parcial a falta de estruturas físicas e de recursos humanos; falta de reconhecimento institucional e de priorização nos planos de gestão; pouco conhecimento sobre a população alvo e suas necessidades, falhas na comunicação interpessoal, baixa participação nas decisões e falta de divulgação periódica sobre o serviço. Por fim, faz-se necessário haver avanços na implantação dos Centros de Referência para Imunobiológicos Especiais no Distrito Federal; apesar de ser uma intervenção que existe há quase trinta anos, nossos rpósesultados indicaram que ela ainda se encontra parcialmente implantada.The Reference Center for Special Immunobiologicals (Centro de Referência para Imunobiológicos Especiais, CRIE) is a component of the National Immunization Program (NIP) that arrived in Brazil at 1993. With the proposal to meet special situations of vaccination and adverse events. The places where the CRIE work offer immunogicals that are not avaliable in routine rooms and to allow after evaluating the clinical conditions of patientes, differentiated vaccionation schedule. As a general objective, we have: to evaluate the degree of implementation of reference centers for special immunobiologicals in the Federal District considering the political-organizational context. About the methodology, a quantitative-qualitative type 1b implantation evaluation was carried out, using the case study as a research strategy. Data collection was performed from March to May 2021 through semi-structured online interviews with the four heads of CRIE and with the Surveillance Management for Vaccination and Food and Water Transmission Diseases (Gerência de Vigilância de Doenças Imunopreveníveis e de Transmissão Hídrica e Alimentar, GEVITHA), an online questionnaire and document analysis. The logical model of intervention and judgment analysis matrices were used as an analysis tool. Regarding the results, the Degree of Implantation (GI) of CRIE in the Federal District was 68.5% (partially satisfactory), ranging from 60.4% (Unit D - partially satisfactory) to 82.1% (Unit B - satisfactory). In the "process" component, the highest and lowest scores were concentrated with the undersize "technical-scientific quality" and "opportunity" reaching 79.7% and 53.8% of the expected score, respectively. They corroborated for a partial implementation the lack of physical structures and human resources; lack of institutional recognition and prioritization in management plans; little knowledge about the target population and its needs, failures in interpersonal communication, low participation in decisions and lack of periodic disclosure about the service. Finally, it is necessary to make progress in the implementation of Reference Centers For Special Immunobiologicals in the Federal District; despite being an intervention that has existed for almost thirty years, our results indicated that it is still partially implanted
Standardization of the PEGylation reaction of aptamers for MultiDrug Resistant (MDR) Bacteria
No full textOs autores externos submeteram sua publicação para apresentação de trabalho no evento “International Symposium on Immunobiologicals”, que foi coordenado e organizado pelo Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos (Bio-Manguinhos), da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Could antibodies be stable and effective after years of storage?
No full textOs autores externos submeteram sua publicação para apresentação de trabalho no evento “International Symposium on Immunobiologicals”, que foi coordenado e organizado pelo Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos (Bio-Manguinhos), da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Is work‑family conflict a pathway between job strain components and binge eating? A cross‑sectional analysis from the ELSA‑Brasil study
No full textBackground: Job strain has been reported as a trigger for binge eating, yet the underlying mechanisms have been
unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether work-family conflict is a pathway in the association between
job strain and binge eating, considering the possible effect-modifying influence of body mass index (BMI).
Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 12,084 active civil servants from the multicenter Brazilian Longitudinal
Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Job strain was assessed using the Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire.
Work-family conflict was considered as a latent variable comprising three items. Binge eating was defined as eating
a large amount of food in less than 2 h at least twice a week in the last six months with a sense of lack of control over
what and how much was eaten. Structural equation modelling was used to test the role of work-family conflict in the
association between job strain and binge eating, stratifying for BMI.
Results: For individuals of normal weight, positive associations were found between skill discretion and binge eating
(standardized coefficient [SC] = 0.209, 95%CI = 0.022–0.396), and between psychological job demands and workfamily
conflict (SC = 0.571, 95%CI = 0.520–0.622), but no statistically significant indirect effect was found. In overweight
individuals, psychological job demands, skill discretion, and work-family conflict were positively associated
with binge eating (SC = 0.099, 95%CI = 0.005–0.193; SC = 0.175, 95%CI = 0.062–0.288; and SC = 0.141, 95%CI = 0.077–
0.206, respectively). Also, work-family conflict was observed to be a pathway on the associations of psychological
job demands and decision authority with binge eating (SC = 0.084, 95%CI = 0.045–0.122; and SC = − 0.008,
95%CI = − 0.015– − 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions: Work-family conflict partly explains effects of high levels of psychological job demands and low levels
of decision authority on binge eating among overweight individuals. Moreover, skill discretion is positively associated
with binge eating, regardless of BMI category
Laboratory Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis in COVID-19
No full textSevere acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes a wide spectrum
of clinical manifestations, with progression to multiorgan failure in the most severe cases.
Several biomarkers can be altered in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and they can
be associated with diagnosis, prognosis, and outcomes. The most used biomarkers in
COVID-19 include several proinflammatory cytokines, neuron-specific enolase (NSE),
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST), neutrophil count,
neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio, troponins, creatine kinase (MB), myoglobin, D-dimer,
brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and its N-terminal pro-hormone (NT-proBNP). Some of
these biomarkers can be readily used to predict disease severity, hospitalization, intensive
care unit (ICU) admission, and mortality, while others, such as metabolomic and
proteomic analysis, have not yet translated to clinical practice. This narrative review
aims to identify laboratory biomarkers that have shown significant diagnostic and
prognostic value for risk stratification in COVID-19 and discuss the possible clinical
application of novel analytic strategies, like metabolomics and proteomics. Future
research should focus on identifying a limited but essential number of laboratory
biomarkers to easily predict prognosis and outcome in severe COVID-19
Efficacy of corticosteroid therapy for HTLV-1-associated myelopathy: a randomized controlled trial (HAMLET-P)
No full textThis study was supported by the Practical Research Project for Rare/Intractable Diseases of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, grant numbers 20ek0109394 and 21ek0109529, and a Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant on Rare and Intractable Diseases from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, grant number 19FC1007. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Corticosteroids are most commonly used to treat HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM); however, their clinical efficacy has not been tested in randomized clinical trials. This randomized controlled trial included 8 and 30 HAM patients with rapidly and slowly progressing walking disabilities, respectively. Rapid progressors were assigned (1:1) to receive or not receive a 3-day course of intravenous methylprednisolone in addition to oral prednisolone therapy. Meanwhile, slow progressors were assigned (1:1) to receive oral prednisolone or placebo. The primary outcomes were a composite of ≥1-grade improvement in the Osame Motor Disability Score or ≥30% improvement in the 10 m walking time (10 mWT) at week 2 for rapid progressors and changes from baseline in 10 mWT at week 24 for slow progressors. In the rapid progressor trial, all four patients with but only one of four without intravenous methylprednisolone achieved the primary outcome (p = 0.14). In the slow progressor trial, the median changes in 10 mWT were −13.8% (95% CI: −20.1–−7.1; p < 0.001) and −6.0% (95% CI: −12.8–1.3; p = 0.10) with prednisolone and placebo, respectively (p for between-group difference = 0.12). Whereas statistical significance was not reached for the primary endpoints, the overall data indicated the benefit of corticosteroid therapy
Persistent dysglycemia is associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from Peru
No full textConsejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica (CONCYTEC- Peru) / Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica. Centro Internacional Fogarty e Instituto Nacional de Saúde Infantil e Desenvolvimento Humano dos Institutos Nacionais de Saúde. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa da Bahia (FAPESB). Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. Institutos Nacionais de Saúde dos Estados Unidos, NIH, Bethesda. Programa de Pesquisa Intramuros da FIOCRUZ. Institutos Nacionais de Saúde. Secretaria de Ciência e Tecnologia (SCTIE). Ministério da Saúde (MS). Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico.Background: Dysglycemia (i.e., prediabetes or diabetes) in patients with tuberculosis (PWTB) is associated with increased odds of mortality and treatment failure. Whether such association holds true when dysg- lycemia is transient or persistent is unknown. In this study, we tested the association between persistent dysglycemia (PD) during anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment and unfavorable treatment outcomes in PWTB from Lima, Peru. Methods: PWTB enrolled between February and November 2017 were followed for 24-months. Dysg- lycemia was measured through fasting glucose and HbA1c at baseline during the 2 nd - and 6 th -month of TB treatment. PD was defined as dysglycemia detected in 2 different visits. The association between PD and unfavorable TB treatment outcome was evaluated using logistic regression. Results: Among 125 PWTB, PD prevalence was 29.6%. PD was associated with more lung lesion types, higher bacillary loads, low hemoglobin (Hb), and high body mass index (BMI). Unfavorable TB treatment outcome was associated with older age, higher BMI, more lung lesion types, and PD. After adjusting for age, Hb levels, smoking, and smear grade, PD was independently associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 6.1; 95% CI: 1.9–19.6). Conclusion: PD is significantly associated with higher odds of unfavorable TB treatment outcomes. Dysg- lycemia control durin
Informativo Nr. 167
No full textBoletim informativo desenvolvido pelo Nethis/Fiocruz Brasília com os principais eventos e notícias. Edição publicada no dia 19/04/2022
Replacement of Animals Used in the Maintenance of Aedes Aegypti by Alternative Methods. Refinement of Procedures That Minimize the Discomfort of Insect Maintenance by Swiss Webster Mice
No full textMeal) and breeding of hematophagous insects, vectors of serious and (often) neglected diseases. In summary, the main objectives
of the project are:
a) Replacement of the use of mice (Mus musculus) for the blood meal of Aedes aegypti in the laboratory.
b) In case of failure to replace the animal, that is, in all phases of the life cycle of Aedes aegypti, we will test the application of two
refinements in the procedure: The first is based on the use of Erythropoietin, increasing the number of and we hope to speed up the
time to food satiety for the mosquito and the second to use an analgesic, an opiate with minimal adverse effects. Complementing, in
the case of successful use of Erythropoietin. We will apply the association of the recombinant hormone with the analgesic for mice
during the Aedes aegypti Blood Meal in the laboratory aiming, firstly, to avoid the use of the animal. However, if it is not possible to
apply it in the maintenance routine of Aedes aegypti to minimize the stress and discomfort of this animal during feeding and creation
of hematophagous vectors, in our case, the mosquito
Science museums and their visitors in the beginning of the 21st century: longitudinal study of the spontaneous visitation to five institutions in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
No full textMuseus de ciência e seus visitantes é um estudo longitudinal realizado pelo Observatório de Museus e Centros de Ciência e Tecnologia (OMCC&T) com o objetivo de acompanhar o perfil e a opinião do público de visitação espontânea em cinco museus de ciência da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa quadrienal é realizada com visitantes não agendados, maiores de 15 anos, por meio de um questionário autoaplicado com 28 questões objetivas sobre o perfil do visitante, antecedentes e circunstâncias da visita, opinião e seus hábitos culturais. Os dados relativos aos 8.706 respondentes das quatro etapas da pesquisa, realizadas em 2005, 2009, 2013 e 2017, foram tratados estatisticamente e revelam padrões e alterações no perfil e na visão do público sobre a visita a essas instituições. Destaca-se a prevalência da indicação de outros visitantes e do boca a boca digital como meio de divulgação para o conhecimento do museu. O estudo apontou a satisfação dos visitantes em todos os museus e a perspectiva de retorno em nova visita nos doze meses seguintes. Outros achados se sobressaem: a crescente presença feminina a cada rodada, o aumento da autodeclaração de pretos e pardos, a queda sucessiva na renda domiciliar declarada, além do aumento de visitantes que não exercem atividade remunerada. Entretanto, a parcela da população com maior escolaridade e renda é a que mais frequenta os museus, indicando que a exclusão social ainda configura um problema que deve ser permanentemente estudado e debatido, com vistas à democratização da cultura.Science museums and their visitors is a longitudinal study carried out by the Observatory of Museums and Science and Technology Centers (OMCC&T) aiming to monitor the spontaneous visitation profile and public opinion in five science museums, located in the municipality of Rio of January. The quadrennial survey is carried out with unscheduled visitors, over 15 years old, by using a self-applied questionnaire, with 28 objective questions about the visitor’s profile, background and circumstances of the visit, opinion, and their cultural habits. The data related to the 8,706 respondents from the four stages of the survey, carried out in 2005, 2009, 2013 and 2017, were treated statistically and showed patterns and changes in the profile and the public’s view of the visit to these institutions. Note the referral from other visitors and social media as an important means of disseminating information about museums. The study pointed to the satisfaction of visitors in all museums, combined with the desire of returning for a new visit in the following 12 months. Also stand out: the increasing female presence throughout the stages, the increase in self-declaration of black ethnicity, the successive drop in declared household income, and the increase in unemployed visitors. However, the portion of the population that most frequents museums is the one with higher education and income, indicating that social exclusion remains a problem that must be permanently studied and debated, for the democratization of culture