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Oferta de Prácticas Integradoras y Complementarias en Salud dentro de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia en Brasil
No full textO artigo apresenta análise da oferta das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde (PICS) na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), a partir da convergência da resposta de gestores e profissionais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa descritivo-exploratória, utilizando dois bancos de dados: o Inquérito Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde no SUS e o Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ). De acordo com os gestores, a oferta de PICS esteve presente na ESF de 26,7% dos municípios participantes do Inquérito e em 25,5% dos municípios do PMAQ, segundo os profissionais. Dos 1.478 municípios que participaram das duas pesquisas, em 8,6% deles houve convergência da oferta de PICS na ESF. Os municípios com maior convergência na oferta são de pequeno porte populacional e com maior cobertura de atenção básica. A pequena quantidade de municípios com oferta reconhecida por gestores e profissionais reforça o pressuposto de que são os profissionais os principais responsáveis pela expansão das PICS no SUS, em detrimento de iniciativas da gestão. Esse cenário caracteriza a necessidade de apropriação por parte dos gestores do que é desenvolvido na ESF, para o fortalecimento das PICS e a mobilização de recursos institucionais para sua manutenção e ampliação.The article analyzes the supply of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices in the Family Health Strategy (FHS), based on the agreement between answers by administrators and health professionals. This was a quantitative descriptive-exploratory study using two databases, the National Survey on Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health in the Unified National Health System (SUS) and the National Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Basic Care (PMAQ). According to the administrators, the supply of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices was present in the FHS in 26.7% of the municipalities participating in the National Survey, compared to 25.5% of the municipalities according to the health professionals in the PMAQ. Of the 1,478 municipalities that participated in both surveys, in 8.6% there was an
agreement of answers on the supply of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices in the FHS. The municipalities with the greatest agreement in the supply were those with small populations and greater coverage of basic care. The small proportion of municipalities with this supply according to both administrators and health professionals supports the hypothesis that the health professionals are the main force responsible for the expansion of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices in the SUS, as compared to initiatives by administrators. This scenario reflects the need for administrators to take greater stock of what is developed in the FHS to strengthen Integrative and Complementary Health Practices and to mobilize the institutional resources for their maintenance and expansion.El artículo presenta un análisis de la oferta de Prácticas Integradoras y Complementarias en Salud (PICS), dentro la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF), a partir de la convergencia en la respuesta de gestores y profesionales. Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa descriptiva-exploratoria, utilizando dos bancos de datos: la Encuesta Nacional de Prácticas Integradoras y Complementarias de Salud en el SUS y el Programa Nacional de Mejora de Acceso y Calidad de la Atención Básica (PMAQ). De acuerdo con los gestores, la oferta de PICS estuvo presente en la ESF de un 26,7% de los municipios participantes en la Encuesta Nacional y en un 25,5% de los municipios del PMAQ, según los profesionales. De los 1.478 municipios que participaron en las dos investigaciones, en un 8,6% de ellos hubo convergencia de la oferta de PICS en la ESF. Los municipios con mayor convergencia en la oferta son de pequeño porte poblacional y con mayor cobertura de atención básica. La pequeña cantidad de municipios con oferta reconocida por gestores y profesionales refuerza la presuposición de que son los profesionales los principales responsables de la expansión de las PICS en el SUS, en detrimento de iniciativas de la gestión. Este escenario caracteriza la necesidad de apropiación por parte de los gestores de lo que se desarrolla en la ESF, para el fortalecimiento de las PICS y la movilización de recursos institucionales para su mantenimiento y ampliación
Conexão Fiocruz Brasília: alimentação em tempos de pandemia: hábitos saudáveis, fome e solidariedade
No full textInforme publicado no site do Observatório Brasileiro de Hábitos Alimentares (OBHA) que é coordenado pelo Programa de Alimentação, Nutrição e Cultura (PALIN) da Fiocruz Brasília. Disponível pelo link: https://obha.fiocruz.br/?p=730.O arquivo do vídeo do evento está disponível neste repositório nas coleções: BSB - Vídeos e Presidência Fiocruz - COGEPE/CST - Vídeos.O Observatório Brasileiro de Hábitos Alimentares (OBHA) participou do Conexão Fiocruz Brasília: Alimentação em tempos de pandemia: Hábitos saudáveis, fome e solidariedade.
O evento foi transmitido ao vivo no dia 14 de abril de 2020 no canal da Fiocruz Brasília no Youtube
Tuberculosis y coronavirus: ¿qué sabemos?
No full textPróximo ao dia mundial de combate à tuberculose (TB), celebrado em 24 de março, e ao primeiro marco (milestone), em 2020, da nova estratégia de controle da tuberculose, denominada Estratégia Fim da Tuberculose, da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS),1 cabe dimensionar a situação da TB no Brasil em tempos de pandemia da Covid-19, cujo agente é o coronavírus SARS-CoV-2. A Covid-19, detectada pela primeira vez em Wuhan, China, em dezembro de 2019, pode causar pneumonia viral, cujas complicações podem levar ao óbito. Ainda que alguns avanços tenham sido implementados, como o teste rápido, a dose fixa combinada, o comprimido de 300mg de isoniazida, entre outros, estes foram insuficientes para se avançar no controle da TB. Ademais, a TB é doença negligenciada, com pouco estímulo ao investimento da indústria e do governo na descoberta de novos fármacos ou novos métodos diagnósticos, e agora, diante da pandemia, cobrará pesada conta
É verdade que é mentira
No full textEste capítulo é a apresentação do pesquisador Wagner Vasconcelos no II Seminário Internacional e VI Seminário Nacional: as relações da saúde pública com a impresa: fake news e saúde 2019, evento organizado pela unidade da Fiocruz Brasília e realizado entre os dias 18 e 21 de março de 2019 em Brasília
Comer bem é comer saudável: mas por que comemos o que comemos?
No full textInforme publicado no site do Observatório Brasileiro de Hábitos Alimentares (OBHA) que é coordenado pelo Programa de Alimentação, Nutrição e Cultura (PALIN) da Fiocruz Brasília. Disponível pelo link: https://obha.fiocruz.br/?p=742.Nos últimos anos, as escolhas alimentares dos brasileiros apresentaram um significativo aumento no consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados e diminuição da ingestão de alimentos in natura. Mas o que levou a população a mudar o padrão alimentar com o passar dos anos? O quanto temos de poder de decisão sobre nossas escolhas alimentares? Por que comemos o que comemos? Por qual motivo a disponibilidade dos alimentos saudáveis está cada vez mais difícil? Essas e outras reflexões nos levam à necessidade de entendermos como funciona o processo de tomada de decisão até levarmos um alimento à boca. Para entendermos esse processo faz-se necessário refletirmos sobre o consumo alimentar, que é determinado por escolhas alimentares, as quais constituem um sistema complexo, envolvendo fatores econômicos, socioculturais e psicológicos, incorporando decisões baseadas em reflexões conscientes, mas também automáticas
Gestión y preservación de datos de investigación en medios digitales
No full textActividades desarrolladas como parte de los cursos: Técnicas Cualitativas: marcos de aplicación, Taller de Investigación I de las licenciatura en Comunicación, Sociología y Ciencia Política; así como del Seminario de Tesis del Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México.Como parte del trabajo en línea que desarrollamos durante #COVID19, conversamos con Andrea Gonçalves, ICICT-Fiocruz (Brasil) sobre: "Gestión y preservación de datos de investigación en medios digitales"
The multiple ways Wnt signaling contributes to acute leukemia pathogenesis
No full textWNT proteins constitute a very conserved family of secreted glycoproteins that act as short-range ligands for signaling with critical roles in hematopoiesis, embryonic development, and tissue homeostasis. These proteins transduce signals via the canonical pathway, which is β-catenin-mediated and better-characterized, or via more diverse noncanonical pathways that are β-catenin independent and comprise the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway and the WNT/Ca++ pathways. Several proteins regulate Wnt signaling through a variety of sophisticated mechanisms. Disorders within the pathway can contribute to various human diseases, and the dysregulation of Wnt pathways by different molecular mechanisms is implicated in the pathogenesis of many types of cancer, including the hematological malignancies. The types of leukemia differ considerably and can be subdivided into chronic, myeloid or lymphocytic, and acute, myeloid or lymphocytic, leukemia, according to the differentiation stage of the predominant cells, the progenitor lineage, the diagnostic age strata, and the specific molecular drivers behind their development. Here, we review the role of Wnt signaling in normal hematopoiesis and discuss in detail the multiple ways canonical Wnt signaling can be dysregulated in acute leukemia, including alterations in gene expression and protein levels, epigenetic regulation, and mutations. Furthermore, we highlight the different impacts of these alterations, considering the distinct forms of the disease, and the therapeutic potential of targeting Wnt signaling.2030-12-3
Gender, sexual orientation and health behaviors in the ELSA-Brasil cohort
No full textBrazilian Ministry of
Health (Department of Science and Technology), the Brazilian
Ministry of Science and Technology (Funding Agency for
Studies and Projects) and the National Council for Scientific
and Technological Development - CNPq) [grants 01 06
0010.00 RS, 01 06 0212.00 BA, 01 06 0300.00 ES, 01 06
0278.00 MG, 01 06 0115.00 SP, 01 06 0071.00 RJ]. The present
study received additional funding from a collaborative project
between Brazil and Portugal entitled “Gender and health in
adulthood: dialogues between Brazil and Portugal”, sponsored
by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher
Education Personnel in Brazil (CAPES) [Grant 99999.008396/
2014-00]. Estela M. L. Aquino is a CNPq fellow whose scientific
research output is classified as level 1D.This study aimed to investigate differences in health behaviors as
a function of gender and sexual orientation in the ELSA-Brasil cohort. Data were
collected using a multidimensional questionnaire on health-related behaviors. The
sample consisted of 10,314 participants, each of whom was in a stable relationship.
Individuals in same-sex relationships were more likely to smoke, to spend more of
their leisure-time in front of a screen and to sleep longer. When the behaviors were
analyzed as a function of sexual orientation and gender, women in heterosexual
relationships were less likely to smoke or to drink in excess, got more hours of sleep
and spent less leisure time in front of a screen. On the other hand, they were less
likely to exercise. These findings should contribute towards preventing chronic
diseases and promoting health in people with different sexual orientations in Brazil
and in other similar settings
Does undiagnosed diabetes mitigate the association between diabetes and cognitive impairment? Findings from the ELSI-Brazil study
No full textBackground: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cognitive impairment. However, most of the evidence has been based on self‐reported T2DM, and undiagnosed diabetes has not been considered as a separate category. We aimed to examine the extent to which undiagnosed diabetes modifies the association between diabetes and cognitive impairment in a representative sample of Brazilian adults aged 50 years and older.
Methods: We analyzed baseline data from 1944 participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI‐Brazil) conducted from 2015 to 2016. Diabetes was evaluated based on self‐reported doctor diagnosis and glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Participants were classified as diabetics (D), undiagnosed diabetics (UDD), or nondiabetics (ND). Cognitive function was assessed by word list learning and verbal fluency tests. Three multiple logistic regression models were used to evaluate the changes in the strength of the associations. Results: Participants with diabetes had 49% greater odds of exhibiting impaired memory than nondiabetics (odds ratio [OR] = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.01‐2.20). By combining UDD and ND, the association between diabetes and impaired memory was attenuated by 2.0%, losing its statistical significance (OR = 1.46; 95% CI: 0.98‐2.17). By combining UDD and D, the association was attenuated by 7.4% (OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.01‐1.90). No significant association was found between T2DM and impaired verbal fluency. Conclusion: This study found an association between T2DM and impaired memory but not with impaired verbal fluency. When UDD individuals are considered diabetics, this association is attenuated; when UDD individuals are considered as ND, this association is attenuated to the extent that it loses its statistical significance, affecting thus the clinical interpretation.2100-01-0
Molecular epidemiology of mycobacteria among herds in Marajó Island, Brazil, reveals strains genetically related and potential zoonotic risk of clinical relevance
No full textArtigo encontra-se em acesso aberto pela editora a partir de 28/03/2020 - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134819302710Mycobacterium bovis is the main causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) being among the animal-adapted Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Herds can also be infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) causing a negative effect on the economy and on animal and human health through zoonotic infections. Molecular tools are required for mycobacteria identification; thus, it is laborious to determine the epidemiological information of mycobacteria among herds. We aimed to describe the mycobacterial pathogens associated with cases of suspected bTB lesions in cattle/buffaloes slaughtered for consumption and to investigate bTB transmission. We evaluated 74 lesion samples from 48 animals (27 bovine/21 buffaloes) from 16 mapped farms. Positives samples from nested-PCR were cultured in Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ), 2% pyruvate (LJ + P), and 2% glycerol (LJ + G) media, followed by Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining technique and partial gene sequencing (hsp65, rpoB, and 16S-rRNA). Spoligotyping and 24-MIRU-VNTR were performed. The LJ + P increased the chance of obtaining bacilli. The respiratory tract and the oral cavity were the most important infection route. In addition, the calcified part of the lesions suggested chronic bTB. Spoligotypes of M. bovis (SIT986/SB0885) differed from others found in South America, and the MIRU-VNTR 24 loci suggested that bTB was associated to highly related strains. The NTM species found are of clinical importance in humans.2022-01-0