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Prematuridad y embarazo durante la adolescencia en Brasil, 2011-2012
No full textEste trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a associação entre gravidez na adolescência e prematuridade. Os dados são provenientes da pesquisa Nascer no Brasil, inquérito nacional composto por 23.894 puérperas e seus recém-nascidos. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevista com a puérpera durante a internação hospitalar. Um método de pareamento foi estabelecido, baseado nos escores de propensão, para lidar com diferenças entre os grupos em razão de um desenho não experimental, caso do estudo Nascer no Brasil. O desfecho do estudo foi a idade gestacional, sendo considerados todos os partos prematuros (idade gestacional < 37 semanas) e a termo (idade gestacional entre 37 e 41 semanas e 6 dias). O estudo evidenciou disparidades sociais, econômicas e assistenciais maternas entre as mulheres segundo a faixa etária. A maior proporção de puérperas adolescentes se concentrou nas regiões menos desenvolvidas do país, Norte e Nordeste, e nas classes econômicas menos favorecidas (D/E). Depois de equiparadas quanto às características socioeconômicas e assistenciais, foram observadas maiores chances de prematuridade espontânea nas adolescentes precoces, tanto em comparação às adolescentes tardias (OR = 1,49; IC95%: 1,07-2,06), quanto às adultas jovens (OR = 2,38; IC95%: 1,82-3,12). A prematuridade permanece em pauta no campo da saúde materno-infantil, sendo preocupante a associação com a gestação na adolescência encontrada neste trabalho, destacando-se que quanto mais jovem a gestante, maior a chance de parto prematuro espontâneo.The study aims to evaluate the association between teenage pregnancy and prematurity. The data are from the Birth in Brazil study, a national survey consisting of 23,894 postpartum women and their newborn infants. The information was obtained from interviews with the mothers during their postpartum hospital stay. A matching method was established, based on propensity scores, to deal with differences between the groups due to the non-experimental design of the Birth in Brazil study. The study outcome was gestational age, considering all the premature births (gestational age < 37 weeks) and term births (gestational age 37 weeks to 41 weeks and 6 days). The study revealed social, economic, and maternal care disparities between the women according to age bracket. The highest proportions of teenage mothers were in the least developed regions of Brazil (North and Northeast) and in the poorest economic classes. After matching for socioeconomic and obstetric care characteristics, the highest odds of spontaneous prematurity were seen in younger adolescents compared to older adolescents (OR = 1.49; 95%CI: 1.07-2.06), and young adults (OR = 2.38; 95%CI: 1.82-3.12). Prematurity is still an issue in the field of maternal and child health, and the association with teenage pregnancy identified in this study is worrisome, especially because younger adolescent mothers were associated with higher odds of spontaneous prematurity.Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la asociación entre embarazo en la adolescencia y prematuridad. Los datos provienen de la encuesta Nacer en Brasil, encuesta nacional compuesta por 23.894 puérperas y sus recién nacidos. La información se obtuvo mediante una entrevista con la puérpera durante el internamiento hospitalario. Se estableció un método de emparejamiento, basado en las puntuaciones de propensión, para tratar las diferencias entre los grupos, según un diseño no experimental, como es el caso del estudio Nacer en Brasil. El resultado del estudio fue la edad gestacional, considerándose todos los partos prematuros (edad gestacional < 37 semanas) y a término (edad gestacional entre 37 y 41 semanas y 6 días). El estudio evidenció disparidades sociales, económicas y asistenciales maternas entre las mujeres, según su franja de edad. La mayor proporción de puérperas adolescentes se concentró en las regiones menos desarrolladas del país, Norte y Nordeste, y en las clases económicas menos favorecidas (D/E). Tras equiparlas respecto a las características socioeconómicas y asistenciales, se observaron mayores oportunidades de prematuridad espontánea en las adolescentes precoces, tanto en comparación con las adolescentes tardías (OR = 1,49; IC95%: 1,07-2,06), como con las adultas jóvenes (OR = 2,38; IC95%: 1,82-3,12). La prematuridad permanece en pauta en el campo de la salud materno-infantil, siendo preocupante la asociación con la gestación en la adolescencia hallada en este estudio, destacándose que cuanto más joven es la gestante, mayor es la oportunidad de parto prematuro espontáneo
GC-MS-FID characterization and antibacterial activity of the Mikania cordifolia essential oil and limonene against MDR strains
No full textThe present study evaluated the effect of the essential oil of Mikania cordifolia (EOMc) and its major constituent limonene alone or associated with antibacterial drugs against Multidrug Resistant Bacteria (MDR). To evaluate the antibacterial activity, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the oil and limonene against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were determined. The antibiotic-modulating activity was assessed using subinhibitory concentrations (MIC/8) of these substances in combination with conventional antibacterial drugs. Although no relevant antibacterial activity of the natural products was detected, both substances modulated the action of antibiotics against resistant bacteria. The EOMc demonstrated the best modulating effect against P. aeruginosa, presenting synergistic effects when associated with gentamicin and norfloxacin. In addition, the oil reduced the MIC of norfloxacin against E. coli as well as reduced the MIC of gentamicin against S. aureus. On the other hand, the best effect of limonene was obtained against S. aureus. Thus, it is concluded that the essential oil Mikania cordifolia and the isolated compound limonene do not have clinically significant antibacterial effect, but modulate the action of antibiotics against MDR bacteria
Systems biology analysis of publicly available transcriptomic data reveals a critical link between AKR1B10 gene expression, smoking and occurrence of lung cancer
No full textUniversidade Salvador, the Intramural Program of
Fundac¸ão Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Fundac¸ão
Jose´ Silveira and by the Brazilian National Council
for Scientific and Technological Development
(CNPq). K.F.F. received a fellowship from the
Programa Nacional de Po´s-Doutorado,
Coordenac¸ão de Aperfeic¸oamento de Pessoal de
Nı´vel Superior (CAPES) (Finance Code 001). The
work of B.B.A. was supported by grants from the
NIH (U01AI115940, R01AI069923-08,
R01AI20790-02). B.B.A. and A.T.L.Q. are senior
investigators from CNPq. J. M. C.-A. was
supported by the Organization of American States -
Partnerships Program for Education and Training
(OAS-PAEC) and his study was financed in part by
the Coordenac¸ão de Aperfeic¸oamento de Pessoal
de Nı´vel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code
001. M.B.A. received PhD fellowship from
Fundac¸ão de Amparo à Pesquisa da Bahia
(FAPESB) and FIOCRUZ. L.A.B.C. was supported
by a research fellowship from CNPq.Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of developing respiratory diseases and various types of cancer. Early identification of such unfavorable outcomes in patients who smoke is critical for optimizing personalized medical care. Methods
Here, we perform a comprehensive analysis using Systems Biology tools of publicly available
data from a total of 6 transcriptomic studies, which examined different specimens of
lung tissue and/or cells of smokers and nonsmokers to identify potential markers associated
with lung cancer.
Results
Expression level of 22 genes was capable of classifying smokers from non-smokers. A
machine learning algorithm revealed that AKR1B10 was the most informative gene among
the 22 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) accounting for the classification of the clinical
groups. AKR1B10 expression was higher in smokers compared to non-smokers in datasets
examining small and large airway epithelia, but not in the data from a study of sorted alveolar
macrophages. Moreover, AKR1B10 expression was relatively higher in lung cancer specimens
compared to matched healthy tissue obtained from nonsmoking individuals. Although
the overall accuracy of AKR1B10 expression level in distinction between cancer and healthy lung tissue was 76%, with a specificity of 98%, our results indicated that such marker exhibited
low sensitivity, hampering its use for cancer screening such specific setting.
Conclusion
The systematic analysis of transcriptomic studies performed here revealed a potential critical
link between AKR1B10 expression, smoking and occurrence of lung cancer
Molecular dissection of Chagas induced cardiomyopathy reveals central disease associated and druggable signaling pathways
No full textChagas disease, the clinical presentation of T. cruzi infection, is a major human health concern. While the acute phase of Chagas disease is typically asymptomatic and self-resolving, chronically infected individuals suffer numerous sequelae later in life. Cardiomyopathies in particular are the most severe consequence of chronic Chagas disease and cannot be reversed solely by parasite load reduction. To prioritize new therapeutic targets, we unbiasedly interrogated the host signaling events in heart tissues isolated from a Chagas disease mouse model using quantitative, multiplexed proteomics. We defined the host response to infection at both the proteome and phospho-proteome levels. The proteome showed an increase in the immune response and a strong repression of several mitochondrial proteins. Complementing the proteome studies, the phospho-proteomic survey found an abundance of phospho-site alterations in plasma membrane and cytoskeletal proteins. Bioinformatic analysis of kinase activity provided substantial evidence for the activation of NDRG2 and JNK/p38 kinases during Chagas disease. A significant activation of DYRK2 and AMPKA2 and the inhibition of casein family kinases were also predicted. We concluded our analyses by linking the diseased heart proteome profile to known therapeutic interventions, uncovering a potential to target mitochondrial proteins, secreted immune effectors and core kinases for the treatment of chronic Chagas disease. Together, this study provides molecular insight into host proteome and phospho-proteome responses to T. cruzi infection in the heart for the first time, highlighting pathways that can be further validated for functional contributions to disease and suitability as drug targets
GC-MS-FID characterization and antibacterial activity of the Mikania cordifolia essential oil and limonene against MDR strains
No full textThe present study evaluated the effect of the essential oil of Mikania cordifolia (EOMc) and its major constituent limonene alone or associated with antibacterial drugs against Multidrug Resistant Bacteria (MDR). To evaluate the antibacterial activity, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the oil and limonene against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were determined. The antibiotic-modulating activity was assessed using subinhibitory concentrations (MIC/8) of these substances in combination with conventional antibacterial drugs. Although no relevant antibacterial activity of the natural products was detected, both substances modulated the action of antibiotics against resistant bacteria. The EOMc demonstrated the best modulating effect against P. aeruginosa, presenting synergistic effects when associated with gentamicin and norfloxacin. In addition, the oil reduced the MIC of norfloxacin against E. coli as well as reduced the MIC of gentamicin against S. aureus. On the other hand, the best effect of limonene was obtained against S. aureus. Thus, it is concluded that the essential oil Mikania cordifolia and the isolated compound limonene do not have clinically significant antibacterial effect, but modulate the action of antibiotics against MDR bacteria
Postpartum histoplasmosis in an HIV-negative woman: a case report and phylogenetic characterization by internal transcribed spacer region analysis
No full textThe present report describes the first case of postpartum disseminated histoplasmosis in a 24-year-old HIV-negative woman. On the tenth day after vaginal delivery, the patient presented with dyspnea, fever, hypotension, tachycardia, and painful hepatomegaly. Yeast-like Histoplasma capsulatum features were isolated in the buffy coat. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the fungal isolate was similar to other H. capsulatum isolates identified in HIV patients from Ceará and Latin America. Thus, histoplasmosis development in individuals with transitory immunosuppression or during the period of immunological recovery should be carefully examined
Com Ciência e Saúde na Comunidade -1- O Curso “Saúde Comunitária: Uma Construção de Todos”
No full textVice-Presidência de Ambiente, Atenção e Promoção da Saúde (VPAAPS); Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC); FINEP - Rede Morar T.s; Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos (LITEB)
Nethis Informa
No full textBoletim informativo desenvolvido pelo Nethis/Fiocruz Brasília com os principais eventos e notícias. Edição publicada no dia 10/09/2020
COVID-19: alimentação e nutrição para o idoso
No full textInformativo elaborado pelo Observatório Brasileiro de Hábitos Alimentares (OBHA) com o propósito de compartilhar reflexões sobre este momento com o propósito de afirmar, construir e reconstruir ações de promoção a alimentação adequada e saudável para durante e após a pandemia do COVID-19
Vigilância escolar em saúde com participação comunitária
No full textTexto elaborado para o curso "Planejamento Escolar Local na Transpandemia" - Minicurso 1- Oferecido pelo PGPGEBS/Fiocruz no Campus Virtual.Fiocru