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Reflexos da imigração venezuelana em Roraima: uma análise sob a óptica da atenção primária à saúde
No full textEste estudo versa sobre a população venezuelana e a Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) do estado de Roraima. Seu principal objetivo concentra-se em analisar os reflexos da imigração venezuelana na APS de Roraima nos anos de 2014 a 2019. Estudo de natureza quantitativa, descritiva e transversal, os dados foram obtidos a partir do Sistema de Informação em Saúde para Atenção Básica (SISAB) e da plataforma do E-Gestor AB, ambos sistemas do Ministério da Saúde. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado o programa Excel 2016. Foram identificados 64.133 indivíduos com nacionalidade venezuelana atendidos pelo menos uma vez nos serviços de Atenção Primária em todo o estado. A população foi caracterizada como jovem e feminina e as principais condições atendidas se assemelharam aos dos brasileiros em Roraima. Ao longo dos anos, houve um aumento progressivo de venezuelanos atendidos e este fator associado a concentração desproporcional dos atendimentos entre os municípios e a estabilidade da Cobertura de APS ao longo dos anos, indica aumento de sobrecarga nas equipes de saúde. Os reflexos da imigração Venezuelana na APS de Roraima foram perceptíveis em todos os municípios do estado ao se identificar a presença de venezuelanos nos estabelecimentos de saúde.This study deals with the Venezuelan population in the Brazilian state of Roraima and its reflection on the Primary Health Care (PHC) assistance there. The main objective of this study is to analyze the effects of Venezuelan immigration on Roraima’s PHC from year 2014 to 2019. All quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional studies and data were obtained from the Ministry of Health’s data banks, namely, the Health Information System for Primary Care (SISAB) and the E-Gestor AB platform. Data analyses were run on Microsoft Excel 2016. Results showed that a total of 64,133 Venezuelan nationals throughout the state were recipients of Primary Care attention for at least once. This population fell into the categories of young and female and the issues presented were similar to those of local Brazilians in Roraima. Over the years, there has been a progressive increase in the number of Venezuelans catered to in local health centers, and this factor, associated with the disproportionate distribution of these centers around the municipalities and the stability of PHC Coverage over the years, indicate a considerable burden increase on health care teams. The effects of Venezuelan immigration on PHC in Roraima were noticed in all municipalities of the state, as it was possible to identify the presence of Venezuelan nationals seeking assistance from health centers all over the state
Use of a theophylline responsive riboswitch for translational control applied to the expression of secreted heterologous proteins in Mycobacterium smegmatis
No full textOs autores externos submeteram sua publicação para apresentação de trabalho no evento “International Symposium on Immunobiologicals”, que foi coordenado e organizado pelo Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos (Bio-Manguinhos), da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Reduced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 by vaccine and convalescent serum
No full textRede Genômica Fiocruz é formada por especialistas de todas as unidades da Fundação no país e de institutos parceiros que se empenham diariamente em gerar dados mais robustos sobre o comportamento do SARS-Cov-2 e contribuir para um melhor preparo do país no enfrentamento da pandemia em termos de diagnóstico mais precisos e vacinas eficazes. Saiba mais sobre a Rede Genômica Fiocruz em: http://www.genomahcov.fiocruz.br/Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has undergone progressive change, with
variants conferring advantage rapidly becoming dominant lineages, e.g., B.1.617. With apparent increased
transmissibility, variant B.1.617.2 has contributed to the current wave of infection ravaging the Indian subcontinent
and has been designated a variant of concern in the United Kingdom. Here we study the ability
of monoclonal antibodies and convalescent and vaccine sera to neutralize B.1.617.1 and B.1.617.2, complement
this with structural analyses of Fab/receptor binding domain (RBD) complexes, and map the antigenic
space of current variants. Neutralization of both viruses is reduced compared with ancestral Wuhan-related
strains, but there is no evidence of widespread antibody escape as seen with B.1.351. However, B.1.351 and
P.1 sera showed markedly more reduction in neutralization of B.1.617.2, suggesting that individuals infected
previously by these variants may be more susceptible to reinfection by B.1.617.2. This observation provides
important new insights for immunization policy with future variant vaccines in non-immune populations
Gut Microbiome Profiles and Associated Metabolic Pathways in HIV-Infected Treatment-Naïve Patients
No full textThe normal composition of the intestinal microbiota is a key factor for maintaining healthy
homeostasis, and accordingly, dysbiosis is well known to be present in HIV-1 patients. This article
investigates the gut microbiota profile of antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-1 patients and healthy
donors living in Latin America in a cohort of 13 HIV positive patients (six elite controllers, EC, and
seven non-controllers, NC) and nine healthy donors (HD). Microbiota compositions in stool samples
were determined by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA, and functional prediction
was inferred using PICRUSt. Several taxa were enriched in EC compared to NC or HD groups,
including Acidaminococcus, Clostridium methylpentosum, Barnesiella, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes, and
Lachnospiraceae UCG-004. In addition, our data indicate that the route of infection is an important
factor associated with changes in gut microbiome composition, and we extend these results by
identifying several metabolic pathways associated with each route of infection. Importantly, we
observed several bacterial taxa that might be associated with different viral subtypes, such as
Succinivibrio, which were more abundant in patients infected by HIV subtype B, and Streptococcus
enrichment in patients infected by subtype C. In conclusion, our data brings a significant contribution
to the understanding of dysbiosis-associated changes in HIV infection and describes, for the first
time, differences in microbiota composition according to HIV subtypes. These results warrant further
confirmation in a larger cohort of patients
Desinformação em saúde e checagem: uma análise do "Fato ou Fake"
No full textCom a popularização das redes sociais, boatos e mentiras passaram a circular numa velocidade inédita e a atingir uma quantidade cada vez maior de pessoas. A onda de notícias falsas já alterou a dinâmica de eleições e influenciou decisões geopolíticas importantes, o que tem agravado a crise de confiança das instituições no contexto da chamada pós-verdade. Com seu trabalho diretamente afetado pela desordem informacional contemporânea, cientistas e jornalistas passaram a buscar caminhos para combater o problema. Nesse cenário, o fact-checking se tornou uma das principais ferramentas. Este trabalho analisou o serviço de checagem do Grupo Globo, o "Fato ou Fake", lançado em julho de 2018. Foram analisadas 78 reportagens com temática de saúde realizadas pelo projeto. Esse total se divide em duas partes: na primeira estão as matérias que tratam de medicamentos, doenças, alimentação e serviços de saúde em geral. Já a segunda é composta por reportagens resultantes de checagens de conteúdo falso relacionado especificamente à pandemia de Covid-19. A coleta das matérias foi realizada entre 31 de julho de 2018 e 10 de julho de 2020. A análise foi feita em duas etapas, com estratégias complementares. Na primeira fase, realizamos uma análise de conteúdo a partir da criação de categorias próprias emergidas dos textos. Nesta etapa, identificamos e caracterizamos as fontes selecionadas pelos jornalistas autores das checagens, as temáticas predominantes nas matérias e no conteúdo original alvo da checagem, as emoções mobilizadas pela desinformação e as principais estratégias de refutação usadas pelos checadores. Entre os resultados, observamos que a maioria dos entrevistados é formada por homens ligados a instituições da região Sudeste do país. Além disso, o uso da autoridade cultural e epistêmica da ciência é a principal estratégia dos jornalistas do "Fato ou Fake". Identificamos, ainda, em relação às temáticas predominantes na parte do corpus ligada à pandemia, uma grande frequência de assuntos políticos. Na segunda etapa da pesquisa, aprofundamos a análise do material com um viés discursivo com inspiração em conceitos da Teoria Semiolinguística do Discurso, de Patrick Charaudeau. Observamos características do contrato de comunicação do nosso objeto de estudo, bem como do modo de organização argumentativo do discurso e dos níveis de engajamento do discurso midiático produzido pelos checadores. Por fim, fazemos algumas provocações quanto ao potencial do discurso do fact checking enquanto concorrente do discurso das diversas formas de desinformação que circulam no atual contexto da pós-verdade.CAPESWith the popularization of social networks, rumors and lies started to circulate at an unprecedented speed and reached an increasing number of people. The wave of false news has already changed the dynamics of elections and influenced important geopolitical decisions, which has deepened the crisis of institutions in the context of the so-called post-truth. With their work directly affected by the contemporary information disorder, scientists and journalists began to look for ways to fight the problem. In this scenario, fact-checking has become one of the main tools. This research analyzed Grupo Globo's checking service, Fato ou Fake, launched in July 2018. 78 reports on health carried out by the project were analyzed. This total is divided into two parts: in the first, there are matters dealing with medicines, diseases, food and health services in general. The second, on the other hand, comprises reports resulting from false content checks specifically related to the Covid-19 pandemic. The collection of materials was carried out between July 31, 2018 and July 10, 2020. The analysis was carried out in two stages, with complementary strategies. In the first phase, we conducted a content analysis based on the creation of specific categories that emerged from the texts. In this step, we identified and characterized the sources selected by the journalists who authored the checks, the themes prevalent in the articles and the original content targeted by the check, the emotions mobilized by the lack of information and the main refutation strategies used by the checkers. Among the results, we observed that the majority of the interviewees are formed by men linked to institutions in the Southeast region of the country. In addition, the use of the cultural and epistemic authority of science is the main strategy of Fato or Fake journalists. We also identified, in relation to the predominant themes in the part linked to the corpus pandemic, a high frequency of political issues. In the second part, we deepened the analysis of the material with a discursive bias inspired by concepts from Patrick Charaudeau's Semiolinguistic Discourse Theory. We observed characteristics of the communication contract of our object of study, as well as the argumentative way of organizing the discourse and the levels of engagement of the media discourse produced by the checkers. Finally, we make some questions about the potential of the discourse of fact-checking as a competitor of the discourse of the various forms of disinformation that circulate in the current context of post-truth
Cervical Cancer Stem-Like Cell Transcriptome Profiles Predict Response to Chemoradiotherapy
No full textCervical cancer (CC) represents a major global health issue, particularly impacting women from resource constrained regions worldwide. Treatment refractoriness to standard chemoradiotheraphy has identified cancer stem cells as critical coordinators behind the biological mechanisms of resistance, contributing to CC recurrence. In this work, we evaluated differential gene expression in cervical cancer stem-like cells (CCSC) as biomarkers related to intrinsic chemoradioresistance in CC. A total of 31 patients with locally advanced CC and referred to Mário Penna Institute (Belo Horizonte, Brazil) from August 2017 to May 2018 were recruited for the study. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was used to enrich CD34+/CD45- CCSC from tumor biopsies. Transcriptome was performed using ultra-low input RNA sequencing and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using Log2 fold differences and adjusted p-value < 0.05 were determined. The analysis returned 1050 DEGs when comparing the Non-Responder (NR) (n=10) and Responder (R) (n=21) groups to chemoradiotherapy. These included a wide-ranging pattern of underexpressed coding genes in the NR vs. R patients and a panel of lncRNAs and miRNAs with implications for CC tumorigenesis. A panel of biomarkers was selected using the rank-based AUC (Area Under the ROC Curve) and pAUC (partial AUC) measurements for diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Genes overlapping between the 21 highest AUC and pAUC loci revealed seven genes with a strong capacity for identifying NR vs. R patients (ILF2, RBM22P2, ACO16722.1, AL360175.1 and AC092354.1), of which four also returned significant survival Hazard Ratios. This study identifies DEG signatures that provide potential biomarkers in CC prognosis and treatment outcome, as well as identifies potential alternative targets for cancer therapy
Trends in clinical profiles, organ support use and outcomes of patients with cancer requiring unplanned ICU admission: a multicenter cohort study
No full textPurpose: To describe trends in outcomes of cancer patients with unplanned admissions to intensive-care units (ICU) according to cancer type, organ support use, and performance status (PS) over an 8-year period.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed prospectively collected data from all cancer patients admitted to 92 medical-surgical ICUs from July/2011 to June/2019. We assessed trends in mortality through a Bayesian hierarchical model adjusted for relevant clinical confounders and whether there was a reduction in ICU length-of-stay (LOS) over time using a competing risk model.
Results: 32,096 patients (8.7% of all ICU admissions; solid tumors, 90%; hematological malignancies, 10%) were studied. Bed/days use by cancer patients increased up to more than 30% during the period. Overall adjusted mortality decreased by 9.2% [95% credible interval (CI), 13.1-5.6%]. The largest reductions in mortality occurred in patients without need for organ support (9.6%) and in those with need for mechanical ventilation (MV) only (11%). Smallest reductions occurred in patients requiring MV, vasopressors, and dialysis (3.9%) simultaneously. Survival gains over time decreased as PS worsened. Lung cancer patients had the lowest decrease in mortality. Each year was associated with a lower sub-hazard for ICU death [SHR 0.93 (0.91-0.94)] and a higher chance of being discharged alive from the ICU earlier [SHR 1.01 (1-1.01)].
Conclusion: Outcomes in critically ill cancer patients improved in the past 8 years, with reductions in both mortality and ICU LOS, suggesting improvements in overall care. However, outcomes remained poor in patients with lung cancer, requiring multiple organ support and compromised PS
Stability Assessment of Four Chimeric Proteins for Human Chagas Disease Immunodiagnosis
No full textGonçalo Moniz Institute, Coordination of Superior
Level Staff Improvement-Brazil (CAPES; Code 001), Research Support Foundation of the State of
Bahia (FAPESB), Inova Fiocruz/VPPCB (VPPCB-008-FIO-18-2-20), FINEP (01.11.0286.00) and BNDES
(11.2.1328.1). Marco A Krieger, Nilson I. T. Zanchin and Fred L. N. Santos are CNPq researches fellow
(processes no. 304167/2019-3, 312195/2015-0 and 309263/2020-4, respectively).The performance of an immunoassay relies on antigen-antibody interaction; hence, antigen
chemical stability and structural integrity are paramount for an efficient assay. We conducted a
functional, thermostability and long-term stability analysis of different chimeric antigens (IBMP),
in order to assess effects of adverse conditions on four antigens employed in ELISA to diagnose
Chagas disease. ELISA-based immunoassays have served as a model for biosensors development,
as both assess molecular interactions. To evaluate thermostability, samples were heated and cooled
to verify heat-induced denaturation reversibility. In relation to storage stability, the antigens were
analyzed at 25 C at different moments. Long-term stability tests were performed using eight sets
of microplates sensitized. Antigens were structurally analyzed through circular dichroism (CD),
dynamic light scattering, SDS-PAGE, and functionally evaluated by ELISA. Data suggest that IBMP
antigens are stable, over adverse conditions and for over a year. Daily analysis revealed minor
changes in the molecular structure. Functionally, IBMP-8.2 and IBMP-8.3 antigens showed reactivity
towards anti-T. cruzi antibodies, even after 72 h at 25 C. Long-term stability tests showed that all
antigens were comparable to the control group and all antigens demonstrated stability for one year.
Data suggest that the antigens maintained their function and structural characteristics even in adverse
conditions, making them a sturdy and reliable candidate to be employed in future in vitro diagnostic
tests applicable to different models of POC devices, such as modern biosensors in developmen
La construcción intencionada de la ignorancia en la actualidad y el trabajo en red para combatir la desinformación
No full textFotografia: Ana Regina Rêgo (arquivo pessoal).Em entrevista à Reciis, Ana Regina Rêgo aborda a problemática da desinformação na contemporaneidade, as mudanças nos regimes de verdade, o papel desempenhado pelas plataformas de redes sociais e a importância do diálogo e do trabalho em rede para combater as informações falsas. Com base nos estudos de José Correia Leite, Robert Proctor e Londa Schiebinger, a entrevistada discute a ideia da construção intencional da ignorância e o mercado das informações falsas, teses que foram trabalhadas por ela durante seu pós-doutorado na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Ana Regina Rêgo é professora associada do Programa de PósGraduação em Comunicação da Universidade Federal do Piauí (PPGCOM/UFPI), idealizadora da Rede Nacional de Combate à Desinformação (RNCd) e ex-presidenta da Federação Brasileira das Associações Científicas e Acadêmicas da Comunicação (Socicom).In an interview with Reciis, Ana Regina Rêgo addresses the issue of disinformation in contemporary society, the changes in the regimes of truth, the role played by social media platforms and the importance of dialog and networking to fight false information. Building on the studies of José Correia Leite, Robert Proctor and Londa Schiebinger, she discusses the idea of intentional construction of ignorance and the false information market, topics she studied during her postdoctorate at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Ana Regina Rêgo is an associate professor in the Graduate Program in Communication at the Federal University of Piauí (PPGCOM/UFPI), creator of the National Network to Fight disinformation (RNCd) and past president of the Brazilian Federation of Scientific and Academic Associations in the Field of Communication (Socicom).En entrevista con la Reciis, Ana Regina Rêgo aborda el problema de la desinformación en la época contemporánea, los cambios en los regímenes de verdad, el papel que cumplen las plataformas de redes sociales y la importancia del diálogo y el networking para combatir la información falsa. Basada en los estudios de José Correia Leite, Robert Proctor y Londa Schiebinger, ella analiza la idea de la construcción intencional de la ignorancia y el mercado de la información falsa, tesis en las que trabajó durante su posdoctorado en la Universidad Federal de Río de Janeiro (UFRJ). Ana Regina Rêgo es profesora asociada del Programa de Posgrado en Comunicación de la Universidad Federal de Piauí (PPGCOM/UFPI), creadora de la Red Nacional para Combatir la Desinformación (RNCd) y ex presidenta de la Federación Brasileña de Asociaciones Científicas y Académicas de Comunicación (Socicom)
Brown booby (Sula leucosgaster) envenomation and death caused by toadfish (Porichthys porosissimus) ingestion in Southeastern Brazil
No full textUm relato de caso sobre o envenenamento de seis indivíduos de atobás-marrons (Sula leucogaster) após a
ingestão de espécimes de mangagá-liso (Porichthys porosissimus) no Rio de Janeiro, sudeste do Brasil, é discutido
neste estudo. Diversas alterações patológicas macro e microscópicas foram observadas nos espécimes de atobá marrom examinados, e um envenenamento rápido (<24 h) é sugerido devido ao estágio de digestão dos peixes
encontrados em seus tubos digestórios. Este é o primeiro registro que menciona a morte de indivíduos juvenis e
adultos de atobás marrons por envenenamento devido a ingestão do magangá-liso P. porosissimus. Novos estudos
avaliando o papel dos peixes descartados como uma força motriz dos efeitos negativos sobre as aves marinhas
como, por exemplo, envenenamentos, ao longo da costa sudeste do Brasil são recomendados.A case report of six brown booby (Sula leucogaster) envenomation following the ingestion of toadfish
(Porichthys porosissimus) specimens in Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil is discussed herein. Several macro and microscopic pathological alterations were observed in the examined brown booby specimens, and rapid
envenomation (<24 h) is suggested due to the digestion stage of the fish found in their gastrointestinal tracts. This
is the first report to mention the death of adult and juvenile brown boobies due to envenomation by the toadfish P. porosissimus. Further studies assessing the role of discarded fish as a driving force of negative effects on seabirds,
such as envenomations, for example, along the southeastern coast of Brazil are recommended