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Pandemia de desinformación: fake news en el contexto del Covid-19 en Brasil
No full textPaula Falcão da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, do Centro de Educação e Humanidades, da Faculdade de Comunicação Social, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação teve seu artigo submetido e aprovado na edição da RECIIS - Dossiê Comunicação, Saúde e Crises Globais: parte 2 v. 15 n.1 (2021)Aline Batista de Souza da Universidade Veiga de Almeida teve seu artigo submetido e aprovado na edição da RECIIS - Dossiê Comunicação, Saúde e Crises Globais: parte 2 v. 15 n.1 (2021)Desde o final de 2019, o mundo tem enfrentado uma das mais graves pandemias da História: a Covid-19. Os riscos de contaminação, a busca pela cura, a necessidade de isolamento social, os números de morte que crescem a cada dia. O mundo já havia passado por tudo isso em outras crises sanitárias, mas a atual tem particularidades: graças aos avanços tecnológicos e ao advento da internet, hoje vivemos em uma sociedade em rede, na qual os indivíduos estão conectados de maneira global e a informação circula intensamente por meio de dispositivos digitais. Com instituições em crise, autoridades perdem credibilidade e vivenciamos a Era da Pós-verdade, onde reinam as fake news. Neste trabalho, discutiremos esse cenário da desinformação, infodemia e desinfodemia e traremos, de maneira expositiva, diversas fake news disseminadas durante a pandemia no Brasil – coletadas em portais de notícias, entre março e setembro de 2020, e organizadas conforme categorização temática de Posetti e Bontcheva.Since the end of 2019, the world has faced one of the most serious pandemics in history: Covid-19. The risks of contamination, the search for a cure, the need for social isolation, the death numbers that are growing every day. The world had already gone through all this in other health crises, but the current one has particularities: thanks to technological advances and the advent of the internet, today we live in a networked society, in which individuals are globally connected and information circulates intensively through digital devices. With institutions in crisis, authorities lose credibility and we experience the PostTruth Era, where fake news reigns. In this paper, we will discuss this scenario of disinformation, infodemia and disinfodemia and will bring, in an expository way, several fake news disseminated during the pandemic in Brazil - collected in news portals, between March and September 2020, and organized according to the thematic categorization of Posetti and Bontcheva.Desde finales de 2019, el mundo se ha enfrentado a una de las pandemias más graves de la historia: Covid-19. Los riesgos de contaminación, la búsqueda de una cura, la necesidad de aislamiento social, las cifras de muertes que aumentan cada día. El mundo ya había pasado por todo esto en otras crisis de salud, pero la actual tiene particularidades: gracias a los avances tecnológicos y el advenimiento de internet, hoy vivimos en una sociedad en red, en la que los individuos están conectados globalmente y la información circula intensamente por dispositivos digitales. Con instituciones en crisis, las autoridades pierden credibilidad y vivimos la Era de la Post-Verdad, donde reinan las fake news. En este artículo, discutiremos este escenario de desinformación, infodemia y disinfodemia y traerá, de manera expositiva, varias fake news difundidas durante la pandemia en Brasil, recogidas en portales de noticias, entre marzo y septiembre de 2020, y organizadas según el categorización temática de Posetti y Bontcheva
Instituto Federal de Goiás abre chamada pública da Feira da Soberania Alimentar
No full textA Feira Interinstitucional da Soberania Alimentar se constitui em um espaço de apoio ao desenvolvimento local a partir de práticas de base ecológica, de segurança alimentar e nutricional e, por fim, de promoção da saúde pois fomenta a oferta de alimentos saudáveis estando assim de acordo com orientações descritas no Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is down regulated after bovine alpha-herpesvirus 5 infection in both wild-type and TLR3/7/9 deficient mice
No full textNeurotrophic factors have been implicated in the control of neuronal survival and plasticity in different brain diseases. Meningoencephalitis caused by bovine alpha-herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) infection is a frequent neurological disease of young cattle, being the involvement of apoptosis in the development of neuropathological changes frequently discussed in the literature. It's well known that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) can activate neuroinflammatory response and consequently lead to neuronal loss. However, there are no studies evaluating the expression of neurotrophic factors and their association with brain pathology and TLRs during the infection by BoHV-5. The current study aimed to analyze brain levels of neurotrophic factors along with neuropathological changes during acute infection by BoHV-5 in wild-type (WT) and TLR3/7/9 (TLR3/7/9-/-) deficiency mice. The infection was induced by intracranial inoculation of 1 × 104 TCID50 of BoHV-5. Infected animals presented similar degrees of clinical signs and neuropathological changes. Both infected groups had meningoencephalitis and neuronal damage in CA regions from hippocampus. BoHV-5 infection promoted the proliferation of Iba-1 positive cells throughout the neuropil, mainly located in the frontal cortex. Moreover, significant lower levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were detected in both BoHV-5 infected WT and TLR3/7/9 deficient mice, compared with non-infected animals. Our study showed that BDNF down regulation was associated with brain inflammation, reactive microgliosis and neuronal loss after bovine alpha-herpesvirus 5 infection in mice. Moreover, we demonstrated that combined TLR3/7/9 deficiency does not alter those parameters
β-lapachone inhibits tumor progression of breast cancer spheroids
No full textOs autores externos submeteram sua publicação para apresentação de trabalho no evento “International Symposium on Immunobiologicals”, que foi coordenado e organizado pelo Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos (Bio-Manguinhos), da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Global disparities in SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance
No full textGenomic sequencing provides critical information to track the evolution and spread of SARS-CoV-2, optimize molecular tests, treatments and vaccines, and guide public health responses. To investigate the spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the global SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance, we estimated the impact of sequencing intensity and turnaround times (TAT) on variant detection in 167 countries. Most countries submit 5 genomes >21 days after sample collection, and 77% of low and middle income countries sequenced <0.5% of their cases. We found that sequencing at least 0.5% of the cases, with a TAT <21 days, could be a benchmark for SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance efforts. Socioeconomic inequalities substantially impact our ability to quickly detect SARS-CoV-2 variants, and undermine the global pandemic preparedness
Metabolites as predictive biomarkers for Trypanosoma cruzi exposure in triatomine bugs
No full textTrypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis), colonizes the intestinal tract of triatomines. Triatomine bugs act as vectors in the life cycle of the parasite and transmit infective parasite stages to animals and humans. Contact of the vector with T. cruzi alters its intestinal microbial composition, which may also affect the associated metabolic patterns of the insect. Earlier studies suggest that the complexity of the triatomine fecal metabolome may play a role in vector competence for different T. cruzi strains. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry and supervised machine learning, we aimed to detect differences in the intestinal metabolome of the triatomine Rhodnius prolixus and predict whether the insect had been exposed to T. cruzi or not based solely upon their metabolic profile. We were able to predict the exposure status of R. prolixus to T. cruzi with accuracies of 93.6%, 94.2% and 91.8% using logistic regression, a random forest classifier and a gradient boosting machine model, respectively. We extracted the most important features in producing the models and identified the major metabolites which assist in positive classification. This work highlights the complex interactions between triatomine vector and parasite including effects on the metabolic signature of the insect
Bone Marrow Soluble Immunological Mediators as Clinical Prognosis Biomarkers in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients Undergoing Induction Therapy
No full textDifferent factors are used as predictors of unfavorable clinical outcomes in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) patients. However, new prognostic markers are needed in order to allow treatment to be more accurate, providing better results and an improved quality of life. In the present study, we have characterized the profile of bone marrow soluble mediators as possible biomarkers for risk group stratification and minimal residual disease (MRD) detection during induction therapy. The study featured 47 newly-diagnosed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients that were categorized into subgroups during induction therapy according to risk stratification at day 15 [Low Risk (LR), Low Risk increasing to High Risk (LR→HR) and High Risk (HR)] and the MRD detection on day 35 (MRD(-) and MRD(+)). Soluble immunological mediators (CXCL8, CCL2, CXCL9, CCL5, CXCL10, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF, IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and IL-2) were quantified by cytometric bead array and ELISA. Our findings demonstrated that increased levels of CCL5, IFN-γ and IL-2 at baseline appeared as putative candidates of good prognosis in LR and MRD(-) subgroups, while CCL2 was identified as a consistent late biomarker associated with poor prognosis, which was observed on D35 in HR and MRD(+) subgroups. Furthermore, apparently controversial data regarding IL-17A and TNF did not allow the definition of these molecules as either positive or negative biomarkers. These results contribute to the search for novel prognostic indicators, and indicate the potential of bone marrow soluble mediators in prognosis and follow-up of B-ALL patients during induction therapy
Proteomics reveals disturbances in the immune response and energy metabolism of monocytes from patients with septic shock
No full textSepsis results from a dyshomeostatic response to infection, which may lead to hyper or hypoimmune
states. Monocytes are central regulators of the infammatory response, but our understanding of
their role in the genesis and resolution of sepsis is still limited. Here, we report a comprehensive
exploration of monocyte molecular responses in a cohort of patients with septic shock via proteomic
profling. The acute stage of septic shock was associated with an impaired infammatory phenotype,
indicated by the down-regulation of MHC class II molecules and proinfammatory cytokine pathways.
Simultaneously, there was an up-regulation of glycolysis enzymes and a decrease in proteins
related to the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. On the other hand, the restoration of
immunocompetence was the hallmark of recovering patients, in which an upregulation of interferon
signaling pathways was a notable feature. Our results provide insights into the immunopathology
of sepsis and propose that, pending future studies, immunometabolism pathway components could
serve as therapeutic targets in septic patients
Immunogenicity and safety of Yellow Fever Vaccine: systematic review and metanalysis
No full textOs autores externos submeteram sua publicação para apresentação de trabalho no evento “International Symposium on Immunobiologicals”, que foi coordenado e organizado pelo Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos (Bio-Manguinhos), da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
A colaboração na montagem da peça A vida de Galileu em um museu de ciência no Rio de Janeiro
No full textLicença atribuída ao artigo pela revista: CC-BY-NC-ND.A ciência e o teatro têm um longo histórico de interações, as quais costumam promover colaborações entre artistas e cientistas. Centrado no teatro que ocorre no contexto da divulgação científica, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a colaboração entre artistas e cientistas na produção da peça A vida de Galileu, de Bertolt Brecht, no Museu da Vida. A partir de entrevistas com 12 sujeitos envolvidos na montagem, identificamos um forte engajamento com o projeto, o qual propiciou uma rica troca e apropriação de conhecimentos, além de levantar questões relevantes sobre o teatro realizado no contexto específico da divulgação científica.Science and theatre have a long history of interactions, which usually promote collaborations between artists and scientists. Focussing on the theatre performed in the context of science communication, this article aims to analyse the collaboration between artists and scientists in the production of the play Life of Galileo, by Bertolt Brecht, at the Museu da Vida. Based on the interviews with 12 people involved in the production, we identified a strong involvement in the project, which provided a rich exchange and knowledge acquisition, in addition to raising relevant questions about the theatre performed in the specific context of science communication