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The role of the Rocky Mountains in shaping the atmospheric mean state and the response to tropical forcing in idealised simulations.
Get PDFUnderstanding the natural and forced variability of the atmospheric general circulation and its drivers is one of the grand challenges in climate science. It is of paramount importance to understand to what extent the systematic error of climate models affects the processes driving such variability. This is done by performing a set of simulations (ROCK experiments) with an intermediate complexity atmospheric model (SPEEDY), in which the Rocky Mountains orography is increased or decreased to influence the structure of the North Pacific jet stream. For each of these modified-orography experiments, the climatic response to idealized sea surface temperature anomalies of varying intensity in the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) region is studied. ROCK experiments are characterized by variations in the Pacific jet stream intensity whose extension encompasses the spread of the systematic error found in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) models. When forced with ENSO-like idealised anomalies, they exhibit a non-negligible sensitivity in the response pattern over the Pacific North American region, indicating that the model mean state can affect the model response to ENSO. It is found that the classical Rossby wave train response to ENSO is more meridionally oriented when the Pacific jet stream is weaker and more zonally oriented with a stronger jet. Rossby wave linear theory suggests that a stronger jet implies a stronger waveguide, which traps Rossby waves at a lower latitude, favouring a zonal propagation of Rossby waves. The shape of the dynamical response to ENSO affects the ENSO impacts on surface temperature and precipitation over Central and North America. A comparison of the SPEEDY results with CMIP6 models suggests a wider applicability of the results to more resources-demanding climate general circulation models (GCMs), opening up to future works focusing on the relationship between Pacific jet misrepresentation and response to external forcing in fully-fledged GCMs
Numerical and experimental analysis of 3D printed smart structures and systems
Get PDFThree dimensional (3D) printers of continuous fiber reinforced composites, such as MarkTwo (MT) by Markforged, can be used to manufacture such structures. To date, research works devoted to the study and application of flexible elements and CMs realized with MT printer are only a few and very recent. A good numerical and/or analytical tool for the mechanical behavior analysis of the new composites is still missing. In addition, there is still a gap in obtaining the material properties used (e.g. elastic modulus) as it is usually unknown and sensitive to printing parameters used (e.g. infill density), making the numerical simulation inaccurate.
Consequently, the aim of this thesis is to present several work developed. The first is a preliminary investigation on the tensile and flexural response of Straight Beam Flexures (SBF) realized with MT printer and featuring different interlayer fiber volume-fraction and orientation, as well as different laminate position within the sample. The second is to develop a numerical analysis within the Carrera' s Unified Formulation (CUF) framework, based on component-wise (CW) approach, including a novel preprocessing tool that has been developed to account all regions printed in an easy and time efficient way. Among its benefits, the CUF-CW approach enables building an accurate database for collecting first natural frequencies modes results, then predicting Young' s modulus based on an inverse problem formulation. To validate the tool, the numerical results are compared to the experimental natural frequencies evaluated using a digital image correlation method. Further, we take the CUF-CW model and use static condensation to analyze smart structures which can be decomposed into a large number of similar components. Third, the potentiality of MT in combination with topology optimization and compliant joints design (CJD) is investigated for the realization of automated machinery mechanisms subjected to inertial loads.I meccanismi con elementi flessibili, noti col termine inglese “Compliant Mechanisms” (CM), consentono la realizzazione di strutture intelligenti ad alte prestazioni. Tuttavia, produrre tali strutture con i materiali e le tecniche di lavorazione tradizionali è molto difficile. Grazie al recente sviluppo delle tecniche di produzione additiva, una possibilità per la realizzazione di queste strutture è la stampa tridimensionale (3D) di compositi a matrice polimerica rinforzati con fibre continue, ad esempio mediante la stampante MarkTwo (MT) di Markforged.
In questo contesto, lo scopo di questa tesi è di gettare le basi per la risoluzione di questi problemi. Una prima attività svolta riguarda lo studio sperimentale del comportamento a trazione e a flessione di lamine rettilinee flessibili (Straight Beam Flexures, SBF) realizzate mediante 3D-MT e caratterizzate da diverse frazioni volumetriche e disposizioni delle fibre all’interno del medesimo strato e in strati differenti. La seconda attività riguarda lo sviluppo di uno strumento per l’analisi numerica di queste SBF, basato sulla formulazione unificata di Carrera (Carrera Unified Formulation, CUF) utilizzando l'approccio “component-wise” (CW), che include un nuovo elemento di pre-elaborazione che consente di considerare tutte le regioni stampate in modo semplice e con un ridotto tempo computazionale. Tra i suoi vantaggi, l'approccio CUF-CW consente di raccogliere le frequenze naturali dei primi modi di vibrare e di prevedere il modulo di Young del composito sulla base di una formulazione del problema inverso. Per convalidare lo strumento, i risultati numerici sono confrontati con le frequenze naturali valutate sperimentalmente mediante un approccio basato sulla correlazione di immagini digitali. Come terza ed ultima attività, le potenzialità della stampa mediante MT, in associazione con l’ottimizzazione topologica e la progettazione di meccanismi con membri/giunti flessibili (Compliant Joint Design, CJD), sono state investigate nel contesto della realizzazione di meccanismi per macchine automatiche soggetti a carichi inerziali
Planning and flexible operation of storage systems in power grids: from transmission to distribution networks
Get PDFThe first part of the thesis has been devoted to the transmission planning with high penetration of renewable energy sources. Both stationary and transportable battery energy storage (BES, BEST) systems have been considered in the planning model, so to obtain the optimal set of BES, BEST and transmission lines that minimizes the total cost in a power network. First, a coordinated expansion planning model with fixed transportation cost for BEST devices has been presented; then, the model has been extended to a planning formulation with a distance-dependent transportation cost for the BEST units, and its tractability has been proved through a case study based on a 190-bus test system.
The second part of this thesis is then devoted to the analysis of planning and management of renewable energy communities (RECs).
Initially, the planning of photovoltaic and BES systems in a REC with an incentive-based remuneration scheme according to the Italian regulatory framework has been analysed, and two planning models, according to a single-stage, or a multi-stage approach, have been proposed in order to provide the optimal set of BES and PV systems allowing to achieve the minimum energy procurement cost in a given REC.
Further, the second part of this thesis is devoted to the study of the day-ahead scheduling of resources in renewable energy communities, by considering two types of REC. The first one, which we will refer to as “cooperative community”, allows direct energy transactions between members of the REC; the second type of REC considered, which we shall refer to as “incentive-based”, does not allow direct transactions between members but includes economic revenues for the community shared energy, according to the Italian regulation framework. Moreover, dispatchable renewable energy generation has been considered by including producers equipped with biogas power plants in the community
Lives apart? Experiences of transnational motherhood by Georgian labour migrants to Italy and their children
Get PDFInternational labour migration processes of the last decades saw increasing numbers of solo female migrants employed in the developed countries. Many of these women were mothers who left their children in the sending countries and thus gave rise to a controversial phenomenon of transnational motherhood. The present thesis is based on the first empirical study of intergenerational narratives of mothers, Georgian labour migrants to Italy, and their children, left behind in Georgia.
Mothers’ international labour migration is a challenge to the traditional ideology of motherhood. Although unconsciously migrant mothers often adhere to “alternative”, “rational”, future-oriented model(s) of parenting, they continue to live their experiences in the framework of traditional understandings of motherhood, which appears to be unequipped to “frame” transnational motherhood as, from its point of view, mothers’ choice to leave their children is reprehensible, yet transnational mothers’ physical absence is not an equivalent of “leaving” their children.
Informants’ narratives strongly suggest that long periods of physical separation did not jeopardize bonds between mothers and children in transnational families. While informants’ selection bias is probable, the mother-child bond was not “broken” and the very essence of motherhood remained intact. Many forms of mothers’ and children’s online co-presence were documented during the interviews. Interviews also prove that the Internet cannot be considered a solution to the problem of family separation, experienced painfully by both mothers and children: it may reduce the pain caused by separation, but cannot be a substitute for mothers’ physical absence from their families.
Despite the pain caused by separation, mothers’ emigration appeared to be the right decision made for the good of the family. Interviewed mothers almost univocally reported readiness to “keep going on”, and continue working in emigration to help their children until physically able to do so, because, as they put it, “motherhood never ends”
Discharge characteristics and discharge simulation model of long air gaps containing a floating conductor
Get PDFLong air gaps containing a floating conductor are common insulation types in power grids. During the transmission line live-line work, the process of lineman entering the transmission line air gap constitutes a live-line work combined air gap, which is a typical long air gap containing a floating conductor. This thesis investigates the discharge characteristics, the discharge mechanism and a discharge simulation model of long air gaps containing a floating conductor in order to address the engineering issues in live-line work. The innovative achievements of the thesis are as follows:
(1) The effect of the gap distance, the floating electrode structure, the switching impulse wavefront time, the altitude, and the deviation of the floating conductor from the axis on the breakdown voltage was determined.
(2) The physical process of the discharges in long air gaps containing a floating conductor was determined. The reason why the discharge characteristics of long air gaps containing a floating electrode with complex geometrics and sharp protrusions and long air gaps with a rod-shaped floating electrode are similar has been studied. The formation mechanism of the lowest breakdown voltage area of a long air gap containing a floating conductor is explained.
(3) A simulation discharge model of long air gaps containing a floating conductor was established, which can describe the physical process and predict the breakdown voltage. The model can realize the accurate prediction of the breakdown voltage of typical long air gaps containing a floating conductor and live-line work combined air gaps in transmission lines.
The findings of the study can provide theoretical reference and technical support for improving the safety of live-line work
I presidi di cure intermedie e la ristrutturazione produttiva dell'assistenza – gli ospedali di comunità in Italia
Get PDFA pesquisa-intervenção pretendeu cartografar e analisar os processos de trabalho e a produção de cuidados nos Hospitais Comunitários, enquanto dispositivos de cuidados intermediários da Região Emilia-Romagna, Itália. Nos diferentes encontros do percurso cartográfico, foram-se tecendo sentidos e contextos para aproximação do campo micropolítico, que na organização do estudo compõem as “pausas”, adensamentos que construíram ferramentas de intervenção e leituras. Estas “pausas” apresentaram os processos de aproximação cultural, de construção metodológica, de invenção e reinvenção dos modos de investigar cartografando encontros e afetos; além da construção de sentidos que impactaram nas intervenções produzidas pelo estudo. As interferências produzidas durante o percurso da pesquisa formação, a partir da realização do projeto de cooperação internacional - RERSUS, relevaram o campo micropolítico do cotidiano do Hospitais Comunitários e estão apresentadas pelos “platôs” nesta tese. São estas zonas de intensidades, que a partir coletivo marcaram os agenciamentos enquanto dispositivos presentes que disputam novos modos de fazer. Tais dispositivos, linhas de fugas visibilizados no percurso da pesquisa, são lançados à luz do contexto da pandemia Covid-19, em transposição atual e necessária aos sistemas de saúde, reapresentando à discussão recolocação das cogentes demandas de transição tecnológica e completa reestruturação produtiva da saúde.The research-intervention aimed to map and analyze the work processes and the production of care in Community Hospitals, as intermediate care devices in the Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy. In the different encounters of the cartographic path, meanings and contexts were woven to approach the micropolitical field, which in the organization of the study make up the “pauses” - densifications that allowed the construction of tools of intervention and of readings. These “pauses”, proposed in the writing of the thesis, presented the processes of cultural approach, methodological construction, invention and reinvention of the ways of investigation mapping encounters and affections; in addition to the construction of meanings that impacted on the interventions produced by the study. The interferences produced during the course of the n research learning intervention, from the realization of the international cooperation project - RERSUS, revealed the micropolitical field of the daily life of Community Hospitals and are presented by the “plateaus” in this thesis. It is these zones of intensities that of the collective emerged the "agencements" as the devices that create and identify innovative strategies that cause significant transformations in the ways of thinking and acting of professionals and patients. Such devices are reread in light of the current Covid-19 pandemic, in a necessary transposition, bringing back to the discussion cogent demands of technological transition and the complicated productive restructuring of health care.La ricerca-intervento si proponeva di mappare e analizzare i processi di lavoro e la produzione dell’assistenza negli Ospedali di Comunità, come dispositivi di cure intermedie nella Regione Emilia-Romagna, Italia. Le “pause” proposte nella stesura della tesi, costituiscono i diversi incontri del percorso cartografico che ci ha permesso a intrecciati significati e contesti per avvicinarsi al campo micropolitico del lavoro in salute, attraverso al quale hanno prodotto la densità che ha reso possibile la costruzione strumenti di intervento e di letture. Queste “pause” hanno presentato i processi di approccio culturale, di costruzione metodologica, di invenzione e reinvenzione dei modi di fare ricerca, mappando incontri ed affetti; oltre alla costruzione di coesione che hanno avuto un impatto sugli interventi prodotti dallo studio. Le interferenze svilupate nel corso della ricerca-formazione-intervento, proposta dal progetto di cooperazione internazionale - RERSUS, hanno rivelato il campo di tensioni micropolitiche che si esercitano nel quotidiano di questi servizi, sono presentate dai “plateaux”di questa tesi. Sono queste zone di intensità, che da collettive segnano gli agenciamentos come dispositivi presenti che contestano nuovi modi di fare, trasformazioni significative nei modi di pensare e di agire dei professionisti e degli utenti. Tali dispositivi, linee di fuga rese visibili nel corso della ricerca, vengono riletti alla luce dell'attuale pandemia Covid-19, in una trasposizione necessaria ai sistemi sanitari, riportando alla discussione cogenti esigenze della transizione tecnologica e della completa “ristrutturazione produttiva” della salute
The "role" of the President of the Council of ministers between government activity and inter-institutional coordination
Get PDFLa ricerca ha ad oggetto lo studio dell’evoluzione del ruolo del Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri all’interno delle dinamiche di funzionamento della forma di governo italiana. Difatti, la ricostruzione sistematica di tale figura sembra essere rimasta sempre in secondo piano rispetto alle complesse analisi riguardanti la forma di governo parlamentare. Dal totale silenzio dello Statuto albertino sul punto, agli svariati tentativi non sempre riusciti nel periodo statutario di disciplinare le competenze presidenziali con atti normativi, alle “fumose” parole dell’articolo 95 della Costituzione, che hanno lasciato coesistere interpretazioni divergenti sulla collocazione del Presidente del Consiglio all’interno della compagine governativa, sino alla tardiva attuazione del disposto costituzionale con la legge n. 400/88, con grande difficoltà tale figura è riuscita ad avere un riconoscimento espresso e stabile delle proprie attribuzioni costituzionali. Il lavoro di ricerca, pertanto, si propone di ricostruire il “ruolo” costituzionale di tale figura soprattutto alla luce delle recenti evoluzioni che hanno caratterizzato la forma di governo nazionale. Ponendo al centro l’analisi di tali fenomeni, il lavoro si sviluppa seguendo tre direttrici evidenziate dalla tre parti in cui esso si divide: un’analisi storico-evolutiva; un’analisi orizzontale e “di sistema” dell’impianto organizzativo dell’esecutivo e del suo vertice e un’analisi concreta di due “casi di studio”. La finalità della ricerca è quella di proporre una lettura del ruolo costituzionale del Presidente del Consiglio in una chiave più estesa: non limitato esclusivamente al coordinamento e alla direzione dell’attività endogovernativa, declinata principalmente nel campo normativo, ma che ricomprende anche il coordinamento delle politiche pubbliche di governo e funzionale allo svolgimento di un coordinamento “inter-istituzionale” e “di sistema”, che coinvolge le diverse strutture governative, il Parlamento e i diversi livelli di governo, anche sovranazionale.The present thesis deals with the evolution of the role of the President of the Council of Ministers within the operating mechanisms of the Italian form of government. The systematic reconstruction of this institutional figure has always been in the background of more complex analyses concerning the parliamentary form of government. While the “Statuto Albertino” did not even mention such role, various unsuccessful attempts to regulate the president’s prerogatives with legislative acts were made during the “periodo statutario”. Then, an obscure definition given in the Article 95 of the Italian Constitution allowed divergent interpretations on the position of the President of the Council within the governmental structure, until the late implementation of the constitutional provision, in Law No. 400/88, managed to have expressly recognised the constitutional attributions of this figure. Thus, the aim of this research is to reconstruct the constitutional ‘role’ of the PCM, especially on the basis of recent developments in the national form of government. In this sense, the interpretation of the constitutional role of the President of the Council we propose in this research is not limited to the coordination and direction of activities within the Council of Ministers. On the contrary, the role is interpreted in a broader sense. In fact, it encompasses the coordination of public government policies and is functional to the performance of a ‘systemic’ coordination of the entire constitutional structure. Such coordination is made possible also through the determination of inter-institutional procedures, involving various governmental structures, the Parliament and different levels of government, including the supranational ones
Maternal perception of the risk of vertically transmitted infections: the impact of expert counseling
Get PDFINTRODUZIONE: Un’inadeguata informazione in gravidanza può condurre ad una sovrastima della percezione del rischio materno-fetale da parte della paziente.
OBIETTIVI: Dimostrare l’impatto di un colloquio medico con operatori esperti nel campo delle infezioni materno-fetali sull’ansia materna e sulla propensione della paziente a interrompere la gravidanza.
DISEGNO DELLO STUDIO: Studio monocentrico osservazionale prospettico di coorte su una serie consecutiva di 185 pazienti con diagnosi confermata di malattia infettiva in gravidanza. Il livello di preoccupazione materna è stato investigato tramite tre questionari sottoposti alla paziente prima e dopo il colloquio medico con operatori esperti e in seguito alla diagnostica ecografica di approfondimento.
RISULTATI: 171 pazienti (92.4%) hanno compilato la Scala Visuo-Analogica (VAS) sulla preoccupazione materna prima e in seguito al colloquio medico, e ciò ha mostrato decremento significativo nel livello di ansia (VAS, −25,8; CI 95%, da−29,9 a −21,7). Livelli più alti di preoccupazione hanno presentato meno margine di riduzione, e le infezioni ad alto rischio di danno fetale si sono mostrate correlate ad un minore decremento nello stato di ansia materna. Nel gruppo delle 82 pazienti (53,2%) che hanno eseguito una diagnostica ecografica di secondo livello, la preoccupazione materna è risultata significativamente minore rispetto a quella registrata dopo il consulto medico (VAS, −16,6; CI del 95%, da−22,9 a −10,3). Si è inoltre mostrata una diminuzione della propensione all’interruzione di gravidanza prima e dopo il colloquio medico (VAS, −19,4; intervallo di confidenza del 95%, da−23,6 a −15,2). Nelle 73 pazienti (45,1%) che hanno eseguito una ecografia morfologica di secondo livello, si è mostrata una riduzione nella tendenza all’interruzione di gravidanza (VAS, −13.4; CI 95%, da−19,1 a −7.7).
CONCLUSIONI: Un colloquio medico esperto nel campo delle infezioni materno-fetali può diminuire l’ansia materna migliorando la qualità della vita durante la gestazione, e ridurre la propensione della paziente all’interruzione volontaria di gravidanza.BACKGROUND: Insufficient and imprecise information during pregnancy can lead to an overestimation of risk associated
to various exposures during gestation.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess whether expert obstetrical counseling in cases of maternal infections at risk of vertical transmission could impact maternal perception of risk and the tendency to terminate
pregnancy.
STUDY DESIGN: This is a monocentric prospective observational study of 185 consecutive pregnant women with confirmed diagnosis of infectious diseases at high or low risk of vertical transmission during the first or second trimester of pregnancy. Maternal concern and the disposition to interrupt the pregnancy were investigated by three questionnaires submitted to patients before and after medical expert counseling and after a detailed ultrasound scan.
RESULTS: 171 (92.4%) filled out the visual analog scale (VAS) for maternal concern before and after medical consultation. After medical consultation, there was a significant decrease in maternal concern: (change score, −25.8; 95% Cl, −29.9 to −21.7). Higher baseline levels of concern had more room for reduction, and infections at high fetal risk of damage were associated with lower decrease in concern. Risk perception decreased in both low-risk and high-risk pregnancies. In the group of 82 patients (53.2%) who underwent ultrasonography the score after examination was significantly lower than the mean score registered after consultation (change score, −16.6; 95% CI, −22.9 to −10.3). 162 women (87.6%) declared their tendency to interrupt pregnancy both before and after the consultation with a significant decrease (change score, −19.4; 95% CI, −23.6 to −15.2). Among the 73 patients (45.1%) who underwent ultrasonography the mean score after examination was significantly lower than after consultation (change score, −13.4; 95% CI, −19.1 to −7.7).
CONCLUSION: An expert medical counseling can reduce maternal risk perception, improving quality of life for mothers, and can reduce women’s disposition to termination of pregnancy
Optimization Algorithms for Energy-Efficient Train Operations in Real-Time Rail Traffic Management
Get PDFThis thesis addresses the problem of achieving energy-efficient train operations in real-time rail traffic management. Due to traffic perturbations, dispatchers have to re-schedule train operations repeatedly to maintain circulation as smooth as possible, therefore minimizing the total delay. Along with re-scheduling decisions, train speed profiles have to be determined in such a way that a feasible train schedule is preserved and the total energy consumption is minimized.
First, we address a single-train real-time Energy-Efficient Train Control (EETC) problem, envisioned as a sub-problem of a hypothetical multiple-train Energy-Efficient Train Timetabling (EETT) problem for real-time traffic management applications. Precisely, we focus on determining an energy-optimal speed profile for a single train with a given schedule. We propose three algorithms: a constructive heuristic; a multi-start randomized constructive heuristic; and a Genetic Algorithm. We run experiments on real-life case studies provided by our industrial partner ALSTOM, which is a world leader in rail transport.
Second, we address a real-time multiple-train EETT problem known as the real-time Energy Consumption Minimization Problem (rtECMP), which is a subproblem of the real-time Rail Traffic Management Problem (rtRTMP). The rtECMP asks for deciding the speed profiles of multiple trains circulating in a given network during a given time window. The objective is to minimize the weighted sum of total delay and energy consumption. Rail infrastructures are represented with a microscopic level of detail including the interlocking system and signals.
We propose a graph-based rtECMP model and three meta-heuristic algorithms: Ant Colony Optimization (ACO); Iterated Local Search (ILS); and Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP).
We run experiments on two real-life case studies, considering mixed dense traffic subject to perturbations
Global Journeys.The Literary Representation of the Migrant Drama
Get PDFAu XXIe siècle, le mot migration s’entend, de plus en plus, partout sur la planète, souvent connoté dramatiquement. Comment la littérature prend-elle sa part dans la restitution de ce fait majeur de notre époque ? Des écrits récents tels que : Non dirmi che hai paura de Giuseppe Catozzella, Nel mare ci sono i coccodrilli di Fabio Geda, Cannibales de Mahi Binebine, Mbëkë mi de Abasse Ndione, Mur Méditerranée de Louis-Philippe Dalembert et Exit West de Mohsin Hamid permettent de répondre à cette question en proposant de nouveaux modèles narratifs et esthétiques de représentation de la réalité. Si le regard se focalise sur la représentation littéraire du périple de migration, il embrasse aussi une curiosité pour les arts contemporains et le cinéma. En particulier, deux auteurs italiens sont importants dans la formulation de notre proposition littéraire même si leurs écrits ne relèvent pas de la littérature stricto sensu. L’un est le journaliste Alessandro Leogrande, le premier à s’être interrogé sur la question des naufrages ; la seconde est le médecin-légiste Cristina Cattaneo dont la démarche restitue aux migrants décédés en mer leur identité. Il s’agit, en général, de textes littéraires à la croisée de plusieurs genres, regards et approches dont l’enchevêtrement nous permet de proposer une nouvelle lecture de la migration, et notamment du littéraire. La géocritique nous fournit des réponses claires et décisives à ce défi sans précédent et nous aide à déconstruire les stéréotypes dominants sur ce sujet. Sa forte capacité tient à la manière dont elle étudie, analyse et interprète le référent spatial dans l'oeuvre littéraire. L’analyse passe par l’anthropologie, la sociologie, la géographie et aussi le droit, s’appuyant en particulier sur les travaux de Michel Agier dont les réflexions nous autorisent à concevoir la migration dans une perspective plus large, cosmopolite.In the 21st century, the word migration is increasingly used everywhere on the planet, often with dramatic connotations. How does literature play its role in the restitution of this major fact of our time? Recent writings such as: Non dirmi che hai paura by Giuseppe Catozzella, Nel mare ci sono i coccodrilli by Fabio Geda, Cannibales by Mahi Bine, Mbëkë mi by Abasse Ndione, Mur Méditerranée de Louis-Philippe Dalembert et Exit West by Mohsin Hamid answer this question and propose a new narrative and aesthetic mode of representation of reality. If our gaze focuses on the literary representation of the migration journey, it also embraces a curiosity for contemporary arts and cinema. In particular, two Italian authors are important in the formulation of our literary proposal even if their writings do not come from literature stricto sensu. One is the journalist Alessandro Leogrande, the first one to question the issue of shipwrecks; the second one is the medical examiner Cristina Cattaneo whose approach restores the identity of those migrants who died at sea. These are literary texts at the crossroads of several genres, perspectives and approaches whose entanglement allows us to propose a new reading of migration, and especially about literature. Geocriticism provides us clear answers to this unprecedented challenge and helps us to deconstruct the stereotypes prevailing on this subject. Its strong ability lies in the way it studies, analyzes and interprets the spatial referent in the literary work. The analysis goes through anthropology, sociology, geography and also law, relying in particular on the work of Michel Agier, its contributions allows us to conceive migration from a larger, cosmopolite, perspective