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Cultural festivals as a tool for creating active citizenship: the case of Arona Città Teatro
Get PDFDOMANDA DI RICERCA
La cultura comprende il patrimonio collettivo materiale e immateriale, sia come frutto di pensiero e speculazione, sia come insieme di pratiche, compresi i festival. Con la loro ritualità e creazione di identità collettiva, i festival culturali hanno un impatto sociale, culturale ed economico sul territorio e sui cittadini coinvolti. Ma in che modo festival culturali, seppur con la loro temporaneità, contribuiscono alla creazione di cittadinanza attiva?
TEORIE DI RIFERIMENTO
La ricerca si inserisce nella crescente attenzione ai festival culturali nell'ambito degli Event Studies che approfondiscono le questioni relative a eventi e manifestazioni, compresi i festival. Allo scopo di comprendere se i festival siano dispositivi della crescita del benessere del territorio, si calerà il dibattito all’interno delle riflessioni sui temi dell’audience development e del welfare culturale.
METODOLOGIA
Il festival caso studio per la ricerca, seguendo alcuni criteri selettivi, è stato individuato come Teatro sull'Acqua, festival nato ad Arona nel 2011 diretto da Dacia Maraini. Il caso studio è stato analizzato in oltre un anno di osservazione (aprile 2021 - settembre 2022), con un approccio mixed method, combinano ricerca qualitativa e quantitativa, ovvero si sono effettuate l’osservazione partecipante; interviste semi-strutturata; quattro questionari.
RISULTATI
Tra i risultati raggiunti c'è l'individuazione delle tipologie di audience del festival analizzato. Il campione di riferimento restituisce l'immagine di un pubblico prevalentemente femminile, maturo, con un alto livello di istruzione, locale e appartenente a un ceto medio. Un pubblico fidelizzato e fortemente partecipe alle pratiche culturali, per i quali il festival diventa un momento relazione, di condivisione esperienziale e sociale. Il festival ha un forte impatto sulla comunità e ha avvicinato a materie culturali prima sconosciuti, incentivando la fruizione a nuove attività culturali.RESEARCH QUESTION
Culture includes tangible and intangible collective heritage, both as the fruit of thought and speculation, and as a set of practices, including festivals. With their rituals and the creation of a collective identity, cultural festivals have a social, cultural and economic impact on the territory and on the citizens involved. But how do cultural festivals, even in their temporary nature, contribute to the creation of active citizenship?
REFERENCE THEORIES
The research is part of the growing attention to cultural festivals in the context of Event Studies which explore issues related to events and exhibitions, including festivals. To understand if the festivals are devices for the growth of the well-being of the territory, the debate will descend within the reflections on the themes of audience development and cultural welfare.
METHODOLOGY
The case study was identified, following some selective criteria, in Teatro sull'Acqua, a festival born in Arona in 2011 and directed by Dacia Maraini. The case study was analyzed in more than one year of observation (April 2021 - September 2022), with a mixed method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative research: participant observation; semi-structured interviews; four questionnaires.
RESULTS
The identification of the types of audience of the festival analyzed is one of the results achieved. The reference sample conveys the image of a predominantly female, mature, highly educated, local and middle-class audience. A faithful public strongly involved in cultural practices, for which the festival becomes a moment of relationship, experiential and social sharing. The festival has a strong impact on the community and has brought previously unknown cultural subjects closer together, encouraging the use of new cultural activities
Reconciling the Irreconcilable? Sovereign Debt Restructuring and the Principles of International Law. A Law and Economics Perspective
Get PDFThis Thesis focuses on the principles of international law relevant to the resolution of legal disputes arising from sovereign insolvency conflicts. It attempts to contribute to the “incremental” approach literature by identifying principles, justifying their application in litigation and assessing whether they may help to reconcile the trade-offs prevalent in that context.
For that purpose, this Thesis distinguishes between two different types of principles. First, it investigates the “Principles of Public International Law” (henceforth, “PIL principles”). Said category refers to norms of the law of nations which can be considered functionally and structurally similar to domestic constitutional principles (i.e., that can be regarded as “optimization” or “prima facie” requirements). This Thesis underscores the PIL principles protecting the interests of the creditors and citizens as well as the “public interest”, arguing that decision makers face a trade-off between these principles in the context of restructurings.
Secondly, this Thesis inquires into the “general principles of domestic law” (henceforth, “GPDs”) which can be applied in sovereign debt restructuring. Two GPDs are identified: a “stay” on litigation and a “cram down” on dissenting creditors’ claims. Although both principles have been identified by the prior literature, this work advances a small but significant “twist” in the methodology used for that purpose: it relies exclusively on functional and comparative analysis. Moreover, this work justifies the application of said GPDs for two jurisdictions: New York and Germany.
Finally, it posits that those GPDs can help to mitigate the trade-offs between PIL principles, thus reconciling the interests at stake
Integrated use of molecular techniques for the detection and genetic characterization of infectious agents in domestic and wild carnivores
Get PDFNel periodo compreso tra il 2019 e il 2022 sono state testate differenti matrici biologiche di carnivori domestici e selvatici provenienti dall’Italia e da altri Paesi europei (Norvegia, Romania). Diversi saggi molecolari, tra cui real-time PCR, end-point PCR, semi-nested PCR, retrotrascrizione e rolling circle amplification, sono stati utilizzati per ricercare il DNA o l’RNA genomico di virus e batteri. Il sequenziamento dell’intero genoma o di geni informativi dei patogeni identificati ne ha inoltre consentito la caratterizzazione genetica e l’analisi filogenetica.
Gli studi, svolti presso il Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie dell’Università di Bologna, erano focalizzati nei confronti di alcuni virus a DNA, come Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 in lupi dall’appennino italiano e cani dalla Romania, adenovirus canino di tipo 1 e 2 in cani e lupi provenienti dal territorio nazionale, circovirus canino in cani e lupi italiani e volpi rosse e artiche della Norvegia; virus a RNA, come il canine distemper virus in faine recuperate nel territorio italiano e il calicivirus felino in gatti con diagnosi di poliartrite; e batteri appartenenti alla specie Anaplasma phagocytophilum in gatti deceduti e sottoposti a necroscopia in Italia.
Dai risultati ottenuti è emerso che gli agenti infettivi indagati circolano nelle popolazioni di carnivori domestici e selvatici in forma asintomatica o determinando talvolta sintomatologia clinica. In alcuni animali testati è stata rilevata la coinfezione con diversi agenti patogeni, condizione che può predisporre ad un aggravamento della sintomatologia clinica. Dall’analisi filogenetica sono emerse relazioni tra gli agenti infettivi rilevati nelle differenti specie animali suggerendone la trasmissione tra ospiti domestici e selvatici e confermando il ruolo epidemiologico svolto dei carnivori selvatici nel mantenimento dei patogeni nel territorio. Alla luce dei dati ottenuti, è importante sottolineare l’importanza delle misure di profilassi, in particolare la vaccinazione degli animali da compagnia, per ridurre la trasmissione e la diffusione degli agenti infettivi.Different biological samples of domestic and wild carnivores from Italy and other European countries (Norway, Romania) were tested between 2019 and 2022. Several molecular assays, including real-time PCR, end-point PCR, semi-nested PCR, reverse transcription and rolling circle amplification, have been used to detect the genomic DNA or RNA of viruses and bacteria. Sequencing of the whole genome or of informative genes of the identified pathogens also allowed their genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis.
The studies, carried out at the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences of the University of Bologna, were focused on some DNA viruses, such as Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 in wolves from the Italian Apennines and dogs from Romania, canine adenovirus types 1 and 2 in dogs and wolves from Italy, canine circovirus in dogs and wolves from Italy and red and arctic foxes from Norway; RNA viruses, such as the canine distemper virus in stone martens recovered in Italy and the feline calicivirus in cats with polyarthritis; and bacteria belonging to the species Anaplasma phagocytophilum in deceased cats subjected to necropsy in Italy.
The results obtained showed that the infectious agents investigated circulate in the populations of domestic and wild carnivores asymptomatically or sometimes causing clinical symptoms. Coinfection with different pathogens was found in some animals tested, a condition which may predispose to a worsening of the clinical picture. From the phylogenetic analysis, relationships between the infectious agents detected in the different animal species emerged, suggesting their transmission between domestic and wild hosts and confirming the epidemiological role of wild carnivores in maintaining pathogens in the territory. In the light of the data obtained, it is important to underline the importance of prophylactic measures, in particular the vaccination of pets, to reduce the transmission and spread of infectious agents
Integration of heterogeneous data sources and automated reasoning in healthcare and domotic IoT systems
Get PDFIn recent years, IoT technology has radically transformed many crucial industrial and service sectors such as healthcare. The multi-facets heterogeneity of the devices and the collected information provides important opportunities to develop innovative systems and services. However, the ubiquitous presence of data silos and the poor semantic interoperability in the IoT landscape constitute a significant obstacle in the pursuit of this goal. Moreover, achieving actionable knowledge from the collected data requires IoT information sources to be analysed using appropriate artificial intelligence techniques such as automated reasoning. In this thesis work, Semantic Web technologies have been investigated as an approach to address both the data integration and reasoning aspect in modern IoT systems. In particular, the contributions presented in this thesis are the following: (1) the IoT Fitness Ontology, an OWL ontology that has been developed in order to overcome the issue of data silos and enable semantic interoperability in the IoT fitness domain; (2) a Linked Open Data web portal for collecting and sharing IoT health datasets with the research community; (3) a novel methodology for embedding knowledge in rule-defined IoT smart home scenarios; and (4) a knowledge-based IoT home automation system that supports a seamless integration of heterogeneous devices and data sources
Dermoscopic, histopathologic and molecular characterization of head and neck melanoma
Get PDFAlmost 18-35% of cutaneous melanomas are located in the head and neck region (2-5% of them in the scalp) and according to multiple epidemiological studies they are supposed to have a worse prognosis with respect to those of other body areas.
The aim of this phD project is to perform a global evaluation of head/neck region cutaneous melanomas with a distinct analysis of histological, dermoscopic and molecular features of the selected cases.
The diffuse distribution of folliculotropism (≥3 HF/specimen), the presence of atypical melanocytes into the isthmus, and the perifollicular involvement were associated with melanoma recurrence. The dermoscopic parameter grey circles in lentigo maligna was correlated to the depth of folliculotropism, with a higher probability of an isthmic or bulge follicular extension of neoplastic melanocytes. The detection of grey circles, light/dark brown pseudonetwork and light brown structureless areas in lentigo maligna melanoma was associated with the distribution of folliculotropism (focal/diffuse).
MiR-146a-5p expression was shown to be significantly greater in melanomas with a mitotic rate ≥1/mm2 as well as in ulcerated lesions compared to those without ulceration. No difference emerged evaluating regression when considering all melanomas subtypes, but an higher expression was noticed in the lentigo maligna melanoma group. Moreover, miR-146a-5p expression was lower in head/neck region cutaneous melanomas with Breslow thickness ≥0.8 mm.
These results give further insights for the management of cutaneous melanomas with specific adverse prognostic elements. As the majority of head/neck region cutaneous melanomas are wild type of BRAF and NRAS mutations and not suitable for targeted therapies, the discovery of new molecular targets may provide relevant opportunities for their treatment
Impact of thyroid hormone T3 on lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in lung transplantation: development of an experimental extracorporeal lung perfusion rat model
Get PDFLa perfusione polmonare extracorporea (EVLP) è una tecnica utilizzata dal 2010 per valutare e migliorare la qualità dell'organo da trapiantare e il danno da ischemia-ripefusione (IRI). Tale perfusione utilizza la soluzione di Steen, la cui composizione è solo parzialmente nota.
Lo scopo è quello di identificare gli effetti di T3 su IRI polmonare ex vivo, in un modello di ratto di donatore a cuore non battente.
Animali (40) randomizzati in otto gruppi e il protocollo EVLP sono stati standardizzati nel nostro centro. Sono state valutate la funzione polmonare, PEEP, la resistenza vascolare polmonare totale a 45, 60, 120 e 180 minuti di EVLP per eseguire analisi di gas, dosaggio del mediatore di infiammazione, mitocondriale libero DNA, freeT3 e freeT4. Alla fine dei campioni di tessuto
polmonare sono stati congelati dal dosaggio ATP, espressione genica, DNA mitocondriale, T3. Non date le concentrazioni del produttore, abbiamo analizzato gli acidi grassi liberi,
vitamine, ormoni e composizione della soluzione Steen. Risultati
La soluzione di steen contiene albumina umana x2 nel siero umano (7,5-8 g/dl): le concentrazioni di ft4 e ft3 sono x2 quelle nel siero umano e vengono rilasciati dall'albumina. La concentrazione di ft4 e ft3 non è cambiata durante l'EVLP. La Steen ha alta fluorescenza per l'alta concentrazione delle molecole aromatiche
(ormoni) mai descritto in precedenza. NADH e mtDNA nel
perfused aumenta con danno ischemico e nel gruppo trattato con T3
Conclusione
Il modello EVLP è già convalidato nella perfusione nel trapianto polmonare, ma è necessario approfondire l'effetto della Steen in termini di ormoni e analiti. L'effetto sull'IRI dell'EVLP sembra essere influenzato negativamente da un T3 troppo alto in Steen, cosa che descriviamo per la prima volta. L'ulteriore aggiunta di T3 provoca disfunzione mitocondriale e infiammazione.Extra-corporeal pulmonary perfusion (EVLP) is a technique used since 2010 to assess and improve the quality of the organ to be transplanted (graft) and the damage from ischemia-reperfusion (IRI, ischemia riperfusion injury). Such Perfusion uses Steen solution, the composition of which is only partially known.
The purpose is to identify the effects of T3 on ex vivo pulmonary IRI, in a rat model of non-beating heart donor.
Animals (40) randomised into eight groups and the EVLP protocol were standardized in our center. Were evaluated pulmonary compliance, PEEP, total pulmonary vascular resistance at 45, 60, 120 and 180 minutes of EVLP to perform gas analysis, inflammation mediator dosage, DNA free mitochondrial, freeT3 and freeT4. At the end of the EVLP tissue samples
pulmonary were frozen by dosage ATP, gene expression, mitochondrial DNA,T3. Not Given the manufacturer’s concentrations, we analyzed free fatty acids,
vitamins, hormones and composition of Steen solution. Results
Steen solution contains human albumin at twice in the human serum (7.5-8 g/dl): the concentrations of ft4 and ft3 are x2 those in human serum and derive from the displacement of hormones from albumin. The concentration of ft4 and ft3 did not change during the EVLP.
Steen has high fluorescence due to the high concentration of aromatic molecules inside
(hormones) never previously described. NADH and mtDNA in the
perfused increases with ischemic damage and in the group treated with T3
Conclusion
The EVLP model is already validated in pulmonary graft perfusion, but is necessary to deepen the effect of Steen in terms of hormones and analytes. The effect on the IRI of the EVLP seems to be affected negatively by too high T3 in Steen, since we describe for the first time. The further addition of T3 results in mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation
Usucaption and the property register
Get PDFEn el sistema español, cuando la transmisión jurídico-real trae causa de un contrato, seguimos la teoría del título y el modo, alejándonos así del modelo consensualista adoptado en el Derecho italiano, en el que basta con la mera celebración del título, para que se entienda producida la transmisión. Es decir, que, en nuestro derecho, hasta que no tiene lugar la entrega de la cosa objeto del contrato, no se entiende producida la transmisión. No resulta necesario, en cambio, la inscripción del negocio en el Registro de la Propiedad (inscripción declarativa y no constitutiva).
Pero, ¿qué ocurre cuando quien transmite el derecho no es el verdadero titular? Pues que, en estos casos, para tratar de sanar esa falta de titularidad del tradente, entra en juego la usucapión, que es uno de los modos originarios contemplados en la legislación civil española de adquirir la propiedad y otros derechos reales, que se basa en la posesión.
Y como la usucapión puede operar al margen del Registro (de inscripción declarativa, como ya hemos dicho), es muy probable que se produzcan desajustes entre lo reflejado por este y la realidad extrarregistral. En el presente trabajo analizamos precisamente la respuesta que la legislación hipotecaria española, a través de los actuales arts. 35 y 36 LH, ha tratado de ofrecer a las distintas cuestiones que se suscitan cuando realidad registral y extrarregistral (o posesoria) entran en conflicto.In the Spanish system, when a contract causes the legal-real transfer, we follow the theory of the title and the mode, thus moving away from the consensual model adopted in Italian law, in which the mere conclusion of the title is sufficient for the transfer to be understood to have taken place. In other words, under Spanish law, the transfer is not considered to have taken place until the delivery of the thing that is the object of the contract. On the other hand, it is optional to register the business in the Land Registry (i.e. registration is declaratory and not constitutive).
But what happens when the person transferring the right is not the rightful owner? In these cases, to remedy the transferor's lack of ownership, usucapion comes into play, which is one of the original ways of acquiring property and other rights in rem under Spanish civil law based on possession.
As usucapion can operate outside the Land Register, mismatches will likely arise between what is reflected in the Register and the extra-registered reality. In this paper, we analyse precisely the response that the Spanish mortgage legislation, through the current articles 35 and 36 LH, has tried to offer to the different questions that emerge when the reality of the register and the extra-registered (or possessory) reality come into conflict
Security and privacy of resource constrained devices
Get PDFThe thesis aims to present a comprehensive and holistic overview on cybersecurity and privacy & data protection aspects related to IoT resource-constrained devices. Chapter 1 introduces the current technical landscape by providing a working definition and architecture taxonomy of ‘Internet of Things’ and ‘resource-constrained devices’, coupled with a threat landscape where each specific attack is linked to a layer of the taxonomy. Chapter 2 lays down the theoretical foundations for an interdisciplinary approach and a unified, holistic vision of cybersecurity, safety and privacy justified by the ‘IoT revolution’ through the so-called infraethical perspective. Chapter 3 investigates whether and to what extent the fast-evolving European cybersecurity regulatory framework addresses the security challenges brought about by the IoT by allocating legal responsibilities to the right parties. Chapters 4 and 5 focus, on the other hand, on ‘privacy’ understood by proxy as to include EU data protection. In particular, Chapter 4 addresses three legal challenges brought about by the ubiquitous IoT data and metadata processing to EU privacy and data protection legal frameworks i.e., the ePrivacy Directive and the GDPR. Chapter 5 casts light on the risk management tool enshrined in EU data protection law, that is, Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) and proposes an original DPIA methodology for connected devices, building on the CNIL (French data protection authority) model
Essays in nonlinear pricing and rent seeking
Get PDFThis thesis consists of three self-contained essays on nonlinear pricing and rent-seeking. In the first chapter of the thesis, I provide new theoretical insights about non-linear pricing in monopoly and common agency by combining the principal-agent framework with other-regarding preferences. I introduce a new theoretical model that separately characterizes status-seeker and inequity-averse buyers. I show how the buyer’s optimal choice of quality and market inefficiency change when the buyer has other-regarding preferences. In the second chapter, I find the optimal productive rent-seeking and sabotaging efforts when the prize is endogenous. I show that due to the existence of endogeneity, sabotaging the productive rent-seeking efforts causes sabotaging the endogenous part of the prize, which can affect the rent-seeking efforts. Moreover, I introduce social preferences into my model and characterize symmetric productive rent-seeking and sabotaging efforts. In the last chapter, I propose a new theoretical model regarding information disclosure with Bayesian persuasion in rent-seeking contests when the efforts are productive. I show that under one-sided incomplete information, information disclosure decision depends on both the marginal costs of efforts and the marginal benefit of aggregate exerted effort. I find that since the efforts are productive and add a positive surplus on the fixed rent, my model narrows down the conditions for the information disclosure compared to the exogenous model. Under the two-sided incomplete information case, I observe that there is a non-monotone relationship between optimal effort and posterior beliefs. Thus, it might be difficult to conclude whether a contest organizer should disclose any information to contestants
Finite group lattice gauge theories for quantum simulation
Get PDFThe present manuscript focuses on Lattice Gauge Theories based on finite groups. For the purpose of Quantum Simulation, the Hamiltonian approach is considered, while the finite group serves as a discretization scheme for the degrees of freedom of the gauge fields. Several aspects of these models are studied. First, we investigate dualities in Abelian models with a restricted geometry, using a systematic approach. This leads to a rich phase diagram dependent on the super-selection sectors. Second, we construct a family of lattice Hamiltonians for gauge theories with a finite group, either Abelian or non-Abelian. We show that is possible to express the electric term as a natural graph Laplacian, and that the physical Hilbert space can be explicitly built using spin network states. In both cases we perform numerical simulations in order to establish the correctness of the theoretical results and further investigate the models