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The Antiquitates of Annius of Viterbo. Traditions, interpretations, historiographical receptions in France
Get PDFLa thèse se penche sur les Antiquitates d'Annius de Viterbe, le pseudonyme étrusque du frère dominicain Giovanni Nanni, qui constitue l'un des faux les plus célèbres de la Renaissance. Présenté sous la forme d'un in-folio divisé en dix-sept sections, cet ouvrage comprend à la fois des écrits attribués à Annius lui-même et les textes de onze autorités anciennes présumées perdues jusqu'en 1498, parmi lesquelles figurent Bérose le Chaldéen, Manéthon l'Égyptien et Métasthène le Perse, accompagnés d'un commentaire particulièrement complexe. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'analyser les traditions interprétatives qui ont façonné la compréhension de cette œuvre, puis de procéder à une analyse détaillée et une interprétation de chaque chapitre. Enfin, cette étude examine la réception de l'ouvrage dans l'historiographie française, notamment en ce qui concerne les antiquités nationales et leur double héritage franco-gaulois à la suite des Antiquitates.The thesis delves into the Antiquitates of Annius of Viterbo, the Etruscan pseudonym of the Dominican friar Giovanni Nanni, which represents one of the most famous forgeries of the Renaissance. Presented in the form of an in-folio divided into seventeen sections, this work includes both writings attributed to Annius himself and the texts of eleven ancient authorities presumed lost until 1498, among which are Berossus the Chaldean, Manetho the Egyptian, and Metasthenes the Persian, accompanied by a particularly complex commentary. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the interpretative traditions that have shaped the understanding of this work, and then to conduct a detailed analysis and interpretation of each chapter. Finally, this study examines the reception of the work in French historiography, particularly regarding national antiquities and their dual Franco-Gallic heritage following the Antiquitates
Rethinking mobility in the ancient histories of the Mediterranean and Amazonia
Get PDFThe aim of this thesis is to explore migration and mobility through relational theories in an intercultural analysis of the ancient Mediterranean and Amazonia history. The underlying analogy for this comparison is of fractal geometry and network theory coalesced in the environmental studies of Mediterranean history. Over the past 20 years or so, post-Braudelian approaches have argued that the Mediterranean should not be defined solely by trait-lists of fixed geophysical characteristics. Instead, it should be understood as a complex system of interrelationships and multiple temporalities involving human and nonhuman components. This perspective opens new horizons for comparisons that extend beyond a shoestring definition of inland spaces. The case studies illustrate situations of cultural change and long-distance associations, such as the diffusion of bronze swords of the Naue II type in the Mediterranean basin at the end of the 2nd millennium BC and of polychrome ceramics in the Amazon basin throughout the 1st millennium AD. What representations of mobility have been reiterated in the social history of the respective regional archaeologies? Is it possible to define robust analytical parameters and concepts to unravel the complexities of social interaction? This thesis of uncanonical Ancient History seeks to make of the perspective of historical ecology ‘good to think with,’ critically engaged in in geopolitically complex debates of the present, on the route of a decolonial thinking from the South to the North in archaeology. The ecological realities of the ancient Mediterranean and Amazonia present basic attributes, such as the fragmentation, diversification, and intercultural interconnectivity. Close and distant localities may be recursively interconnected and supra local identities continually reconfigured into contingent structures of the political landscape without necessarily involve transmission in the biological-genetic sense or single events of migration.L’obiettivo di questo studio è esplorare della migrazione e della mobilità attraverso modelli teorici relazionali a partire di un’analisi interculturale della storia antica del Mediterraneo e dell’Amazzonia. L’analogia sottostante per questa comparazione interculturale coinvolge la geometria frattale e teoria delle reti coalescenti negli studi ambientali della storia del Mediterraneo. Gli approcci post-braudeliani degli ultimi 20 anni suggeriscono che la definizione del Mar Mediterraneo non debba limitarsi alle caratteristiche geografiche, ma includa la complessa interrelazione e molteplici temporalità tra i componenti umani e non umani di un sistema più ampio. Uno dei nuovi orizzonti con questi perspettive è quello di approssimazioni socio-ecologiche oltre una definizione di ‘mare tra-terre.’ I casi studio, fenomeni particolari nella cornice più ampia di interconnessione culturale, representano situazioni di cambiamento culturale e associazioni di lunga distanza, come la diffusione di spade di bronzo di tipo Naue II nel bacio mediterraneo della fine del secondo millennio a.C. e le ceramiche policrome nel bacio amazzonico durante il primo millennio d.C. Quali rappresentazioni della mobilità sono state riprese nella storia sociale delle rispettive archaeologie regionali? È possibile definire parametri e concetti analitici per scoprire le realtà dell a mobilità e dell’interazione sociale? Questa tesi non canonica de storia antica cerca fare la prospettiva dell’ecologia storica ‘buona da pensare,’ impegnata criticamente nei dibattiti geopoliticamente complessi del presente, sula rota del pensiero decoloniale del Sul al Nord in archeologia. Le realtà ecologiche del Mediterraneo e dell’Amazzonia antichi presentano attributi fondamentali di frammentazione, diversificazione e interconnectività interculturali. Località vicine e lontane possono essere continuamente attirate insieme e identità culturale sovralocale riconfigurate in strutture contingenti del panorama politico senza necessariamente implicare la trasmissione in senso biologico-genetico o o migrazione dei popoli.O objetivo da presente tese é explorar migração e mobilidade com modelos de teorias relacionais a partir de uma análise intercultural das histórias antigas do Mediterrâneo e da Amazônia. A analogia subjacente para essa comparação envolve a geometria fractal e teoria de redes coalescidas nos estudos ambientais da história do Mediterrâneo. Abordagens pós-braudelianos vem propondo nos últimos 20 anos que a definição do Mar Mediterrâneo não deve se ater apenas às características geofísicas, mas à complexa inter-relação e múltiplas temporalidades entre os componentes humanos e não humanos em um grande sistema. Um dos novos horizontes abertos com tais modelos é de vislumbrar aproximações de socio-ecologias para além de uma definição de “mar entre terras.” Os exemplos de caso que serão abordados ilustram situações de mudança cultural e associações de longa distância, como a difusão de espadas de bronze de tipo Naue II na bacia mediterrânica do final do 2º milênio a.C. e das cerâmicas polícromas na bacia amazônica ao longo do 1º milênio d.C. Quais representações de mobilidade vêm sendo recapituladas na história social das respectivas arqueologias regionais? É possível definir parâmetros e conceitos analíticos para desenredar as realidades de mobilidade e interação social? Esta tese não canônica de História Antiga busca fazer da perspectiva da ecologia histórica ‘boa para pensar’, engajada criticamente em debates geopoliticamente complexos do presente, na rota do pensamento decolonial do Sul para o Norte em arqueologia. As realidades ecológicas do Mediterrâneo e a Amazônia antigas apresentam atributos básicos da fragmentação, diversificação e interconectividade intercultural. Localidades próximas e distantes podem vir a ser continuamente atraídas e identidades culturais supralocais reconfiguradas em estruturas contingentes da paisagem política sem envolver, necessariamente, a transmissão no sentido biológico-genético ou ou migração de povos
Urban air mobility: modelling the future transport system
Get PDFThe advances in the aviation field, particularly the development of electric flying vehicles, as UAV and eVTOL, paved the way for setting Urban Air Mobility (UAM) services. UAM would provide services for passengers, goods and emergencies and could offer faster trips than ground ones. It is expected that early UAM operations will be performed at Very Low-Level airspace as 0-500 m Above Ground Level.
The purpose of this research is to both explore the main features of UAM and test an aerial network model, which could be integrated in a multimodal transport system where ground and aerial mobility services are provided.
Analyses on UAM transport system involved two sub-systems: the transport demand sub-system, i.e., the mobility requirements, and the transport supply sub-system, i.e., the service and facilities enabling mobility.
At first, the UAM demand levels and features for an Airport Shuttle service have been explored through a suitable survey, by combining Revealed and Stated Preference methodologies, and by calibrating some discrete mode choice models.
Then, the focus has been on the transport supply model for UAM services, by focusing on both the ground access points (vertiports) and the aerial network model. A suitable three-dimensional urban aerial network (3D-UAN) model that could support fast aerial connections between O/D pairs has been proposed. Some tests have been implemented to verify the feasibility of the proposed model. Some flying vehicles supporting an Airport Shuttle service have been simulated on the aerial network, which has been specified in terms of both topological features and link transport costs. The preliminary results have showed that the proposed 3D-UAN model could be suitable for supporting UAM services. As for transport engineering, the UAM system framework proposed in this thesis paves the way for further research on air-ground multimodality in urban areas
The interplay of multiplicity and effective energy for (multi) strange hadron production in pp collisions at the LHC
Get PDFThe enhanced production of strange hadrons in heavy-ion collisions relative to that in minimum-bias pp collisions is historically considered one of the first signatures of the formation of a deconfined quark-gluon plasma. At the LHC, the ALICE experiment observed that the ratio of strange to non-strange hadron yields increases with the charged-particle multiplicity at midrapidity, starting from pp collisions and evolving smoothly across interaction systems and energies, ultimately reaching Pb-Pb collisions. The understanding of the origin of this effect in small systems remains an open question. This thesis presents a comprehensive study of the production of , () and () strange hadrons in pp collisions at = 13 TeV collected in LHC Run 2 with ALICE. A novel approach is exploited, introducing, for the first time, the concept of effective energy in the study of strangeness production in hadronic collisions at the LHC. In this work, the ALICE Zero Degree Calorimeters are used to measure the energy carried by forward emitted baryons in pp collisions, which reduces the effective energy available for particle production with respect to the nominal centre-of-mass energy. The results presented in this thesis provide new insights into the interplay, for strangeness production, between the initial stages of the collision and the produced final hadronic state. Finally, the first Run 3 results on the production of () multi-strange baryons are presented, measured in pp collisions at = 13.6 TeV and 900 GeV, the highest and lowest collision energies reached so far at the LHC. This thesis also presents the development and validation of the ALICE Time-Of-Flight (TOF) data quality monitoring system for LHC Run 3. This work was fundamental to assess the performance of the TOF detector during the commissioning phase, in the Long Shutdown 2, and during the data taking period
Transatlantic regulatory divergence in pharmaceuticals: exploring economic and cultural explanations
Get PDFThe analysis delves into the regulatory divergence between the EU and the US in the pharmaceutical sector. Through law and economics, political science, and cultural theory perspectives, the study explores how collective preferences within each jurisdiction shape regulations. By identifying cultural orientations such as individualism in the US and hierarchy in the EU, the research suggests that underlying cultural factors play a significant role in regulatory decisions. Despite calls for regulatory harmonization, the recognition of legitimate differences in preferences due to cultural diversity emphasizes that uniformity may not always be the best solution, showcasing the importance of understanding cultural influences in shaping regulatory landscapes
Comparison of different treatment strategies in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Get PDFL'endoarteriectomia polmonare (PEA) rappresenta la terapia più efficace per il cuore polmonare cronico tromboembolico (CTEPH). Tuttavia, una quota sostanziale di pazienti sono non operabili ma hanno altre possibili strategie di trattamento: terapia medica e angioplastica polmonare(BPA). In questo studio abbiamo confrontato l'efficacia delle diverse strategie di trattamento del CTEPH nel mondo reale.
Metodi: Sono stati inclusi tutti i pazienti con CTEPH riferiti al nostro centro.
Abbiamo valutato l'efficacia della terapia medica a breve termine sui dati clinici, funzionali, capacità di esercizio e profilo emodinamico (indipendentemente dalle strategie di trattamento successive), l'efficacia di PEA e BPA (indipendentemente dalle strategie di trattamento precedenti/successive); Abbiamo inoltre riportato l'efficacia a lungo termine dei diversi trattamenti.
Risultati: Sono stati inclusi in totale 467 pazienti (il 39% trattato solo con terapia medica, il 43% sottoposto a PEA, il 13% sottoposto a BPA e il 5% non ha ricevuto alcuna terapia).
I pazienti trattati solo con terapia medica sono stati il gruppo più vecchio in termini di età, e confrontati rispetto ai pazienti sottoposti a PEA, mostravano minore capacità di esercizio, un profilo di rischio più elevato e minor miglioramento del profilo emodinamico, funzionale e della sopravvivenza.
I pazienti sottoposti a BPA hanno avuto un miglioramento emodinamico inferiore rispetto ai pazienti sottoposti PEA, ma un miglioramento funzionale, dell'esercizio fisico e del profilo di rischio, e di sopravvivenza sovrapponibile ai pazienti sottoposti a PEA; la sopravvivenza è risultata migliore rispetto ai pazienti tsottoposti a sola terapia medica.
Il gruppo di controllo storico di pazienti non trattati con alcuna terapia ha avuto la peggiore sopravvivenza.
Conclusioni: Abbiamo confermato la superiorità della PEA rispetto a qualsiasi trattamento nei pazienti affetti da CTEPH, nei pazienti non operabili o con PH persistente/ricorrente dopo PEA, la BPA determina una prognosi migliore rispetto alla sola terapia medica.Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is the gold standard of care for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). However, there is a substantial proportion of patients deemed not operable in whom other treatment strategies are available: medical therapy and balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA). We aimed to compare different CTEPH treatment strategies effect in a real-world setting.
All patients with CTEPH referred to our centre were included. We compare the short-term clinical,
functional, exercise and haemodynamic effect of medical therapy (irrespective of subsequent treatment strategies), PEA and BPA (irrespective of previous/subsequent treatment strategies); we also describe the long-term
outcome of the different patient groups.
We included 467 patients (39% were treated only with medical therapy, 43% underwent PEA, 13% underwent BPA and 5% were not treated with any therapy). Patients treated only with medical therapy were the oldest; compared to patients undergoing PEA, they had a lower exercise capacity, a higher risk profile and gained a lower haemodynamic, functional and survival benefit from the treatment. Patients undergoing BPA had a lower haemodynamic improvement but a comparable functional, exercise and risk improvement and a similar survival compared to patients undergoing PEA; their survival is anyway better than patients undergoing only medical treatment. Untreated historical control patients had the worst survival.
In Conclusion we confirm the superiority of PEA compared to any alternative treatment in CTEPH patients and we observe that BPA, in patients deemed not operable or with persistent/recurrent PH after PEA, leads to a better outcome than medical therapy alone
Deep learning and spatial transcriptomics to investigate thyroid tumors
Get PDFThere are many diseases that affect the thyroid gland, and among them are carcinoma. Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasm and the second most frequent cancer in the 0-49 age group. This thesis deals with two studies I conducted during my PhD. The first concerns the development of a Deep Learning model to be able to assist the pathologist in screening of thyroid cytology smears. This tool created in collaboration with Prof. Diciotti, affiliated with the DEI-UNIBO "Guglielmo Marconi" Department of Electrical Energy and Information Engineering, has an important clinical implication in that it allows patients to be stratified between those who should undergo surgery and those who should not. The second concerns the application of spatial transcriptomics on well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas to better understand their invasion mechanisms and thus to better comprehend which genes may be involved in the proliferation of these tumors. This project specifically was made possible through a fruitful collaboration with the Gustave Roussy Institute in Paris. Studying thyroid carcinoma deeply is essential to improve patient care, increase survival rates, and enhance the overall understanding of this prevalent cancer. It can lead to more effective prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies that benefit both patients and the healthcare system
Compact and effective models for depth prediction
Get PDFDepth prediction is at the core of several computer vision applications, such as autonomous driving, augmented reality, and robotics. Approaches for depth prediction can be divided into two main classes: active and passive sensing. Active depth sensing is the de-facto standard of applications requiring depth sensing on its excellent accuracy and low latency in varied environments. Passive depth sensing using cameras requires a large baseline and careful calibration to obtain accurate depth results. Deep learning has significantly facilitated the development of dense depth prediction, affecting the accuracy of models inferring depth from images or multi-modal data. Moreover, despite the wide literature concerning depth prediction, there are open problems. Most works adopted computationally expensive models, posing a significant challenge for devices with limited computational resources. Furthermore, current models seldom study the inherent characteristics of depth, which still hold significant potential.
This thesis focuses on addressing some issues related to depth prediction. Compact and effective models were proposed to recover dense results across diverse settings, both supervised and self-supervised methods, from color camera images and sparse LiDAR measurements. Additionally, by analyzing the characteristics of the depth map, contrastive learning techniques are introduced to improve the depth rediction network’s learning ability and unlock further potential. All experiments are validated on the commonly used datasets, including KITTI and the NYU depth v2 dataset, following the standard metrics to compare our proposals with previous representative state-of-the-art works
Epidemiological, clinical and molecular characterization of tegumentary leishmaniasis in the Emilia-Romagna region
Get PDFLeishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by different Leishmania species and transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. The disease is endemic in over 100 countries, including southern Europe. Clinical spectrum is determined by the parasite species and host characteristics, ranging from the severe visceral leishmaniasis (VL) to tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL), which includes cutaneous (CL), and mucosal (ML) forms. As in other Mediterranean areas, leishmaniasis is emerging in the Emilia-Romagna region (RER) (northeastern Italy) causing multiannual epidemic foci of VL and TL. Despite the strengthening of surveillance system, the prevalence of TL in RER is only partially known.
The focus of the project was to collect and process epidemiological data and clinical samples to (1) better understand the TL burden and (2) characterize the Leishmania population causing TL in the RER with molecular tools.
Study I analyzed 135 TL cases diagnosed in RER between 2017 and 2020; most cases (84%) were autochthonous and 8% were ML cases. The organization of a multicentric network of surveillance significantly contributed to recover unnotified cases and to gather important clinical and epidemiological data. In study II, we successfully typed 80% of the n=109 TL samples collected between 2014 and 2020 by combining two typing tools, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 and heat shock protein (hsp)70. Sequencing results identified 8 imported and 75 autochthonous cases. Among the latter, we observed a high variability of the analyzed hsp70 conserved sequence, suggesting the presence of distinct Leishmania infantum populations causing TL in the RER. In study III, we used Oxford Nanopore Technologies NGS, to sequence the complete coding region of kinetoplast maxicircles from two TL isolates from northeastern Italy. The assembled sequences revealed a marked phylogenetic divergence between the two isolates and the other Southern-European L. infantum strains, confirming the presence of a peculiar dermotropic strain circulating in the area
Search for a diffuse astrophysical neutrino emission from the Galactic Ridge with the first KM3NeT/ARCA data and strategies for real-time follow-up searches of rapid transient phenomena
Get PDFMulti-messenger astronomy has allowed a completely and revolutionary new approach to the observation of the Universe. Within this picture, neutrino astrophysics has started in recent years to consolidate the theoretical framework at its basis through the first detection of neutrino sources. However, the complexity of astrophysical environments requires more observational data to fully characterise their internal mechanisms. For this reason, second-generation neutrino telescopes are currently under construction worldwide at different locations. Specifically, KM3NeT inheriting the experience of the ANTARES telescope is a detector under construction and deployed in the abyssal site of the Mediterranean Sea. Thanks to its design, it is already taking data and will be capable, in the next few years, of complementing the observations conducted up to now and of shedding light on important unanswered questions. In June 2023 the IceCube Collaboration reported the first observation of astrophysical neutrinos that originated in the centre of our Galaxy. Within the work of this thesis, the first data collected by the KM3NeT experiment have been analysed, mainly focusing on the search for neutrino emission from this location in the sky. In fact, thanks to the position and to the excellent angular resolution of the KM3NeT detectors, the Galactic plane is visible for most of the time, representing one of the main physics objectives to address for the experiment. Furthermore, in the observation of fast transient phenomena, neutrino signals could be invaluable precursors of electromagnetic light ejected by sources. For this reason, the last chapter of the thesis is focused on the first correlation studies ever performed with KM3NeT data with respect to external alerts sent by other observatories