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Inter‐/Intramolecular π ‐Stacking in a Benzannulated NCN‐Coordinated Pd(II) Monomer and Dimer Pair: Synthesis, Structure, and Photophysics
Get PDFThe development of phosphorescent complexes of second‐row transition metals remains a goal of molecular design, driven by the generally lower cost, higher abundance and thus improved sustainability with respect to their applications. In this work, the synthesis, structures, and photophysical characterization of a mononuclear cyclometalallated palladium complex LPdOAc and its acetate‐bridged dinuclear analogue [(LPd)2(κ2‐OAc)]+ are presented, where L represents an NCN‐coordinated, cyclometallated 1,3‐bis(2‐quinolinyl)benzene. The benzannulated ligand stabilizes the dinuclear derivative through ligand–ligand interactions between π‐systems, which is further facilitated by the acetate adopting a κ2‐binding mode bridging the two Pd(II) centres. The mononuclear (but not the dinuclear) complex is weakly phosphorescent in the deep red region of the spectrum (λmax = 676 nm) in solution at room temperature, while both compounds phosphoresce in frozen media at 77 K with essentially identical profiles, emission maxima, and lifetimes of 180 μs. Analysis of the photophysical properties and electronic structures of both monomer and dimer are supported by density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT (TDDFT) simulations
Thresholds of life in an Italian reception centre
Get PDFIn Undoing Nothing: Waiting for Asylum, Struggling for Relevance, Paolo Boccagni offers a detailed and forensic ethnography of the complexities of life for young migrant men as they move through an Italian reception facility. The book raises questions of race, gender, age, and identity, offering insight into how the cultural politics of migration, homemaking, and a desire for “real normality” among young men on the thresholds of adulthood and autonomy, shape what the centre means. In this commentary, I consider how Boccagni’s ethnography offers wider resonances for understanding the cultural politics of migration in Europe today. I consider the political role of the reception centre as a site of pedagogy, intimacy, and ambivalence for its residents, situated at the interstices of projects of control, nativism, and potential belonging
A Simplified and Data-Driven Lung Ultrasound Approach for Predicting Surfactant Need in Preterm Infants: A Pilot Study Using Machine Learning and Rule-Based Models.
No full textSix-region lung ultrasound (LUS) scores show good predictive value for predicting surfactant need in preterm infants but rely on a fixed threshold, which may lead to misclassification near the cut-off and lack data-driven justification for selecting these 6 regions. This study explored whether evaluating individual regions-and combinations-could improve predictive accuracy and utility. Data from preterm infants born at ≤34 weeks and enrolled in the Serial Lung Ultrasound for Surfactant Replacement Therapy (SLURP) cohort study were analyzed to develop predictive models for surfactant administration based on regional LUS scores. Univariate, bivariate, and machine learning analyses were conducted to identify the most informative lung regions. Rule-based, decision tree, and logistic regression models were then developed, compared to the 6-region model, and validated on an external dataset. The training set consisted of 77 patients from the SLURP cohort study. The rule-based, decision tree, and logistic regression models showed the best performance, primarily using 2 lung regions-left lateral and left upper posterior. A refined model that included the right upper anterior (RUA) region further improved performance. On the external test set (n = 42), the rule-based model with RUA achieved the highest accuracy (0.93) and the lowest false negative rate (0.11), outperforming the 6-region model. Adding more regions did not enhance accuracy. A simplified, rule-based model that accounts for the differential predictive value of individual lung regions may enhance the accuracy of LUS-based prediction of surfactant need in preterm infants. It is also more accessible, effective, and time-efficient for clinicians. [Abstract copyright: © 2025 American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.
MOTION-GUIDED SEMANTIC ALIGNMENT WITH NEGATIVE PROMPTS FOR ZERO-SHOT VIDEO ACTION RECOGNITION
No full textA finite element investigation into the in-plane load bearing behaviour of traditional timber-dry stone (Kath-Kuni) Masonry Walls
Get PDFThis paper presents a novel computational investigation into the in-plane response of traditional timber dry-stone masonry (Kath-Kuni) structure using non-linear three-dimensional finite element modelling. The investigation commenced with component-level numerical modelling of various connections within Kath-Kuni walls, validated using published experimental tests. This was followed by the development of a full-scale finite element model of a Kath-Kuni wall aiming to capture the heterogeneous behaviour of this unique timber-stone masonry structure as well as the complex interactions between its various structural components. A quasi‑static pushover analysis of the wall was carried out followed by a parametric study to quantify the influence of pre‑compression and interface friction coefficients on the in-plane response of these walls. The numerical models were able to capture the distribution of stress within the connections as well as at the contact interfaces, thereby providing comprehensive insights into the load-transfer mechanism and critical areas of stress concentration. The numerical analysis of full-scale wall highlighted the critical role of Kadil (dowel) connections, longitudinal timber beams and sandstones in bearing the in-plane loads. Moreover, the results showed that in‑plane strength increased nearly linearly with pre‑compression, increasing stone–stone friction from 0.60 to 0.70 increased the in-plane strength of the wall by 10–15 %, whereas the friction coefficients between timber–timber and timber–stone interfaces have marginal effect on the strength. These outcomes provide first-of-their-kind insights into the load-bearing mechanisms governing the in-plane response of Kath-Kuni walls
Mapping multilingualism: the dynamics of identity shifts in multi-ethnic tourism destinations
No full textThis empirical study investigates identity shifts in multiethnic tourism destinations from a sociolinguistic perspective, focusing on changes in the socio-spatial distribution of commodified linguistic landscapes (LL) in Berlin’s Neukölln and Tokyo’s Shin-Ōkubo. Using mixed methods – photographic documentation, content analysis, Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping, and semi-structured interviews – the study finds that Neukölln’s central street, Sonnenallee, is gradually shifting from ‘Turkish Street’ to ‘Arab Street’ due to an increase in spatially cohesive LL. In Shin-Ōkubo, a rise in Chinese LL challenges its historic ‘Koreatown’ status, though the emergence of a ‘Chinatown’ is limited by the lack of spatial cohesion and competition from other languages. The study concludes that the extent of the spatial cohesion of LL and ethnic ties underlies urban identity shifts in multiethnic destinations across different regions and cultures. Thus, regular LL assessments are vital to understand the dynamics of evolving ethnic groups and their identities at such destinations
Judicial consensus on end-user emissions as indirect environmental effects: the case of R (Finch) v Surrey County Council and Ors
Get PDFThis case commentary examines the decision in R (Finch) v Surrey County Council, which held that downstream greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions arising from the combustion of fossil fuel must be included as indirect effects in environmental impact assessments (EIAs) under the Town and Country Planning (EIA) Regulations 2017. The decision marks a significant shift as it further embeds climate accountability into planning permissions with respect to fossil fuel projects. The commentary engages with the Finch case clarifying its scope with respect to EIA causation and indirect effects. Then, it locates Finch within existing case law on indirect effects, comparing Finch with decisions from Scotland and South Africa, concluding that Finch indicates a growing judicial trend integrating downstream GHG emissions into climate governance
Reimagining disaster preparedness in Indigenous Nepal
No full textWhat is the conceptual boundary for disaster? Does the term include supernatural and social harms, or simply geophysical, hydrometeorological or technological hazards? In this chapter, we focus on the bhume puja ritual as a specific articulation of Indigenous disaster theory and disaster prevention active in the Himalayan region, specifically within Nepal. We establish the bhume’s significance as a set of practices intended to alleviate a community’s risk from catastrophe by bringing together comparative ethnographic research on bhume rituals undertaken in two geographically and socially distinct villages in the Nepal Himalaya: Gyoikhar in Temal Rural Municipality, Kavre District in Bagmati Province; and Dana village in Annapurna Rural Municipality, Myagdi District in Gandaki Province. We argue that collective performance of the annual bhume ritual is critical to the well-being of the localities discussed since failure to perform the ritual well erodes the vitality of the earth and the divinities and ruptures the relationship between nature, divinities and human beings. By closely attending to acts of reciprocity performed within the ritual, we identify the importance of social relations – between humans, environment and divine beings and between socially differentiated groups living within a given territory – to the prevention of rupture and disruption of Himalayan lifeways and landscapes
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