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An Experimental EACI-Based Localization Framework Using LQI and CNN for Consumer IoT
Get PDFPrecise indoor localization remains a challenge in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) due to multipath fading, interference, and signal fluctuations in different environments. Traditional methods depend on Received Signal Strength (RSS) also often struggle with accuracy in indoor scenario. This study presents an experimental localization framework that utilizes Link Quality Indicator (LQI) values and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) within an Edge Computing-Assisted Consumer IoT (EACI) model. The proposed approach segments the network using a pyramid-loop algorithm and employs LQI-based measurements for more stable and accurate distance estimation. A CNN classifier is trained on normalized LQI data, including statistical features such as kurtosis, to predict node locations. The system is authenticated by a real-world testbed using Zigbee XB24C nodes. The experimental results show an overall localization error of 0.12m at zone 1 with a standard deviation of 0.89m. This reflects an improved localization accuracy and reduced error compared to RSS-based and existing CNN-based methods. The proposed technique effectiveness is observed for indoor localization in consumer IoT environments
Victim-survivors’ experiences of the criminal justice process in domestic abuse cases: exploring the gap between expectation and reality
No full textWearable technologies to support the assessment of physical activity and lower limb functions
No full textThe role of the community and voluntary sector in adapting to climate change in Irish coastal areas
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Clustering Analysis of Tourism and Crime in Barcelona from 2011 to 2022
Get PDFBarcelona, Spain, is one of the most popular cities for tourists in the world, which is visited not only during high season by local and by international tourists. Similarly to other cities that receive many tourists, residents of Barcelona usually perceive an impact on regular criminality levels during the year de-pending on tourism. This paper presents a clustering analysis approach to identify trends on the relationship between crime and tourism in Barcelona between 2011 and 2022. The clustering analysis presented considers three clustering methods: (i) K-Means, (ii) Hierarchical clustering, and (iii) DBSCAN. The rationale for using these techniques was to compare the overlaps and variations in the results obtained. Results were analysed in three different ways: (i) showing clusters as a layer over crime and tourism variables visually in maps, (ii) using cluster box-plots, and (iii) comparing mean values of individual cluster types for crime and tourism variables. The results obtained show that clusters tend to form around areas in which the volume of crime and tourism is either at its highest or lowest. Future work will consider other types of analysis such as regression, correlation and data visualizations
A political economy perspective of the constitution of ancient Sparta:Conflict resolution, credibility, and stability
Get PDFUniquely in Ancient Greece the constitution of Sparta provided for two kings from different dynasties reigning simultaneously, an aristocratic upper house, an annually elected board of overseers, an assembly, and a society of warriors to rule over an enslaved neighbouring population. It contributed to Sparta’s elevation to a great power and lasted almost unaltered for five hundred years until the middle of the third century BCE. The paper argues that the intricate constitutional order resolved internal conflicts about income distribution that had plagued Sparta in her early days. The dual kingship was a power sharing arrangement to avoid intra-elite fighting. Constraints on royal power, military organization and conquest of foreign lands secured redistribution to the Spartan poor solving inter-group conflict between the rich and the poor. The checks and balances provided by the constitution served to credibly commit the elite to the settlements. However, the rigidity of the constitution ossified Sparta’s society who could not respond to changing circumstances
Belief-Rule-Based System with Self-organizing and Multi-temporal Modeling for Sensor-based Human Activity Recognition
Get PDFSmart environment is an efficient and cost-effective way to afford intelligent supports for the elderly people. Human activity recognition is a crucial aspect of the research field of smart environments, and it has attracted widespread attention lately. The goal of this study is to develop an effective sensor-based human activity recognition model based on the belief-rule-based system (BRBS), which is one of representative rule-based expert systems. Specially, a new belief rule base (BRB) modeling approach is proposed by taking into account the self- organizing rule generation method and the multi-temporal rule representation scheme, in order to address the problem of combination explosion that existed in the traditional BRB modelling procedure and the time correlation found in continuous sensor data in chronological order. The new BRB modeling approach is so called self-organizing and multi-temporal BRB (SOMT-BRB) modeling procedure. A case study is further deducted to validate the effectiveness of the SOMT-BRB modeling procedure. By comparing with some conventional BRBSs and classical activity recognition models, the results show a significant improvement of the BRBS in terms of the number of belief rules, modelling efficiency, and activity recognition accuracy.</p
Indirectly Heated Carbonate Looping Cycles in Cement Plants for CO2 Capture and Storage
Get PDFThe concept of Carbonate Looping Cycle (CaL) offers many advantages compared to other CO2 capture technologies within cement plants. The configurations currently discussed in the literature employ oxy-fuel combustion to supply the necessary heat for the calcination process in a single reactor. As a result, the process requires an air separation unit. The indirectly heated calcium looping (IHCaL) offers solutions to overcome the present limitations. Numerous heat pipes connecting a separate combustion unit to a calciner supply thermal energy for the calcination process. This study, based on the best available technology, recommends both full and tail-end IHCaL integrations within a commercial cement plant. Both systems provide over 1.3 million tonnes of cement per annum. The fully integrated option produces 309 GWh of electricity, compared to 875 GWh for the tail-end option. The CO2 avoidance rates for fully integrated and tail-end options are 0.83 and 0.88 t CO2/t Clinker, respectively. The tail-end version has a notably high capital cost, resulting in a high CO2 avoidance cost of €37.6/t CO2. On the other hand, the fully integrated version lowers the CO2 avoidance cost to €29.8/t CO2 because of a lower capital requirement and a smaller gap between the amount of CO2 captured and avoided