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Declining frequency of sensitization to fragrance mixes I and II: IVDK-data of the years 2012-2021.
No full textBACKGROUND: EU Commission Regulation 2017/1410 prohibits using atranol and chloroatranol, the main allergens in Evernia prunastri (oakmoss), and hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (HICC) in cosmetic products. Oakmoss absolute is contained in fragrance mix (FM) I and HICC in FM II which are patch tested as screening mixtures in the baseline series.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the time trends of reaction frequencies to both FMs as well as to their components in FM-positive patients.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis of data from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), 2012-2021.
RESULTS: Positive reactions to FM I (FM II) declined from 9.1% (4.7%) in 2012 to 4.6% (3.0%) in 2021. Full breakdown tests were performed in 24% (FM I) and 31% (FM II), respectively, of the mix-positive patients. From this data, frequencies of sensitization to the 14 single fragrances of FM I and FM II were calculated. For the majority, a decline was noted from 2012/2013 to 2020/2021, for oakmoss absolute 1.9%-0.8% and for HICC 1.8%-0.9%.
CONCLUSION: EU Commission Regulation 2017/1410 was an effective measure. However, our data have some limitations, possibly causing underestimation of sensitization frequencies to fragrances
Hypersensitivity reactions to proton pump inhibitors. An EAACI position paper.
No full textProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are invaluable therapeutic options in a variety of dyspeptic diseases. In addition to their well-known risk profile, PPI consumption is related to food and environmental allergies, dysbiosis, osteoporosis, as well as immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs). The latter, although a rare event, around 1%-3%, due to the extraordinarily high rate of prescription and consumption of PPIs are related to a substantial risk. In this Position Paper, we provide clinicians with practical evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of HSRs to PPIs. Furthermore, the unmet needs proposed in the document aim to stimulate more in-depth investigations in the topic
Flow-based basophil activation test in immediate drug hypersensitivity. An EAACI task force position paper.
No full textDiagnosing immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions (IDHRs) can pose a significant challenge and there is an urgent need for safe and reliable tests. Evidence has emerged that the basophil activation test (BAT), an in vitro assay that mirrors the in vivo response, can be a complementary test for many drugs. In this position paper, members of Task Force (TF) "Basophil activation test in the evaluation of Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions" from the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) present the data from a survey about the use and utility of BAT in IDHRs in Europe. The survey results indicate that there is a great interest for using BAT especially for diagnosing IDHRs. However, there are still main needs, mainly in the standardization of the protocols. Subsequently consensus-based recommendations were formulated for: (i) Technical aspects of BAT in IDHRs including type of sample, management of drugs, flow cytometry protocols, interpretation of the results; and (ii) Drug-specific aspects that should be taken into account when performing BAT in relation to betalactams, neuromuscular blocking agents, fluoroquinolones, chlorhexidine, opioids, radio contrast media, chemotherapeutics, biological agents, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, COVID vaccine, and excipients. Moreover, aspects in the evaluation of pediatric population have also been considered. All this indicates that BAT offers the clinician and laboratory a complementary tool for a safe diagnostic for IDHRs, although its place in the diagnostic algorithm depends on the drug class and patient population (phenotype, geography, and age). The standardization of BAT is important for generalizing this method beyond the individual laboratory
Potenziale und Wirkungen grüner Infrastruktur für Klimaresilienz am Beispiel von zwei ausgewählten Münchner Stadtquartieren.
No full textEinfluss der künstlichen Bewässerung auf das Wachstum und die Ökosystemleistungen von Stadtbäumen.
No full textExtended Model-Based Inference of Flame Transfer Matrices from Acoustic Measurements
No full textAccurate post-processing of the flame dynamics in complex test-rigs is crucial for maintaining reliable propulsion systems. In the presence of features, such as effusion hole cooling or flow within a bypass annulus, the established feedback loops prevent the application of conventional post-processing methods. Recent work proposed a general framework of model-based inference (MBI) methods applicable to complex combustor chambers. These methods employ a low-order-model (LOM) of a complex test rig to infer the flame transfer matrix (FTM) from a unique reactive transfer matrix measurement. This work extends the inference of a FTM by incorporating a single non-reactive transfer matrix measurement. The extended inference benefits from the additional measurement, as a substantial amount of systematic errors in the internal dynamics of the utilized LOM can be compensated. As a result, the identification gains robustness and identifies the FTM with higher accuracy for various systematic modeling errors.
Rewards of the proposed extended model-based inference method are demonstrated with regard to the Rolls-Royce Scaled Acoustic Rig for Low Emission Technology (SCARLET) operated under realistic engine conditions (Tin = 825 K, pin = 25 bar, kerosene). Studies with randomized modeling errors are conducted with a LOM representing the SCARLET test-rig based on a generic FTM. Thereby, the impact of systematic correction on the inference method is analyzed. The novel approach is ultimately applied to measurement data to extract the FTM
