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Nonlinear Control of Brushless Dual-Fed Induction Generator With a Flywheel Energy Storage System for Improved System Performance
No full textManaging fluctuations in wind energy to ensure a stable and reliable energy supply remains a significant challenge in the operation of wind generators. Various solutions have been developed to address this problem and mitigate the impact of wind energy fluctuations, such as the deployment of Flywheel Energy Storage Systems (FESSs). This study focuses on developing an advanced control strategy for a Brushless Dual-Fed Induction Generator (BDFIG) integrated with a Nonlinear Energy Storage System. In the first stage, a robust Sliding Mode Control (SMC)-based nonlinear decoupled control algorithm is designed to efficiently regulate BDFIG operation. The system is further enhanced with Optimal Torque Control (OTC) and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) to maximize wind energy extraction. In the second stage, a Synergetic Control (SC) strategy is implemented for FESS management, integrated seamlessly into the overall system. SC is selected for its ability to handle parametric and nonparametric uncertainties, offering a robust solution that ensures fast response times and asymptotic stability across varying operating conditions. To optimize parameter tuning within the control system, the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) is applied, ensuring optimal performance of the proposed framework. After optimization, the SMC settling time was significantly reduced from 0.7 seconds to 19.97 milliseconds, achieving a 96.9% improvement in response speed, while its steady-state error decreased from 0.48 to 0.06, marking an 87.5% reduction in tracking error. Similarly, the SC settling time improved from 0.85 seconds to 0.3 seconds, resulting in a 64.7% faster response, and its steady-state error was minimized from 0.044 to 0.03, enhancing accuracy by 31.8%. These enhancements contributed to a rapid dynamic response, reduced tracking error, and improved overall system stability under variable wind conditions. The proposed system was extensively simulated on MATLAB/Simulink under various wind generator operating conditions. These findings confirm the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed methodologies in delivering reliable and efficient energy management under different operating conditions.Scopu
Revolutionising Learning: An Attempt to Understand the Impact of AI-Driven Personalised Education on Under- graduate Student Engagement and Performance
No full textArtificial Intelligence, rapidly becoming part of educational systems worldwide, and is transforming learning and teaching in schools and other higher education institutions by giving students real-time experiences. Meanwhile, per-sonalised education led by AI is reshuffling the process of learning. Recent research has often been directed toward particular applications of AI tools and the assessment of AI education's overall impact. There have not been ample studies investigating the mediating effect of student engagement and the moderating effects of learner characteristics on AI learning outcomes (Saleem et al., 2025). This study attempts to fill that gap by proposing a research framework for the analysis of the impact of AI-driven personalised learning on students' engagement and performance among undergraduate students within Qatar University, particularly looking at the mediating effect of engagement and the moderating impact of learner characteristics at different levels of education. The anticipated research findings of the testing of the proposed framework are expected to provide clear insights into the effects of AI-driven personalised learning on Qatar University undergraduate students' engagement and performance. Such research findings will not only add to the current knowledge in the field. Still, they will also provide helpful guidance for university educators and policymakers on how to maximise the valuable influence of AI-driven personalised learning usage on UG students
[ حفل تخريج الدفعة الثامنة والأربعين من طلاب جامعة قطر ]
No full textاحتفلت جامعة قطر بتخريج الدفعة الثامنة والأربعين (دفعة 2025) من طلابها تحت رعاية صاحب السمو الشيخ تميم بن حمد آل ثاني، أمير البلاد المفدى، وضمت الدفعة 3680 من الخريجين والخريجات
The Unique Recitations of Abu Amr al-Basri Compared to the Other Ten Reciters and Their effect on Interpretation
No full textيعنى هذا البحث باستقصاء ودراسة المواضع الفرشية، التي انفرد بها أبو عمرو البصري عن بقية القراء العشرة، ويهدف إلى توضيح أثر هذه الانفرادات في تفسير الآيات، وذلك في جميع سور القرآن الكريم.
اعتمد البحث المنهج الاستقرائي؛ لحصر الألفاظ الفرشية التي انفرد بها أبو عمرو البصري في القرآن الكريم، والمنهج التحليلي لدراسة تأثير هذه الانفرادات على معاني الآيات، وقد بلغ عدد المواضع التي انفرد بها أبو عمرو البصري، التي لها أثر في الدلالة والمعنى، ثلاثة وعشرين موضعا، بحسب الاستقصاء والتتبع.
ومن أهم نتائج البحث أن انفرادات أبي عمرو البصري أسهمت في إثراء المعنى القرآني، وكان لها أثر في توسيع الدلالات وتوضيحها، كما أن هذه الانفرادات استندت إلى أسس وقواعد متينة، مما يدل على تضلعه في اللغة العربية، وجميعها تستند إلى التلقي والتواتر، وأوصى البحث بدراسة انفرادات بقية القراء العشرة، وتحليل أثرها في التفسير، والبحث في جذور هذه الانفرادات في لهجات القبائل العربية للاستفادة منها في فهم المراد من الأحرف السبعة.This research aims to the unique recites (farshiyaat) specific to Abu Amr alBasri -one of the ten reciters- that differ from the other readings. It aims to
explain the interpretative effect of these unique readings across the Quran.
Using the inductive method, the study catalogs the unique words attributed
to Abu Amr, and through an analytical approach, examines their effect on the
verse's meanings. The research identifies twenty-three positions according to
the investigation and following up.
The important findings indicate that Abu Amr’s unique readings enrich
Quranic meaning by broadening and clarifying semantic aspects. These
readings are rooted in solid linguistic rules, reflecting Abu Amr’s command of
Arabiclanguage, and are based on authentic transmission.
The study recommends further explanations of other unique readings
among the ten reciters to analyze their interpretive impact. Additionally,
investigate their linguistic roots in Arab tribal dialects, thereby enhancing
understanding of the seven letters (ahruf
Global age-sex-specific all-cause mortality and life expectancy estimates for 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1950–2023: a demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
No full textComprehensive, comparable, and timely estimates of demographic metrics—including life expectancy and age-specific mortality—are essential for evaluating, understanding, and addressing trends in population health. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of timely and all-cause mortality estimates for being able to respond to changing trends in health outcomes, showing a strong need for demographic analysis tools that can produce all-cause mortality estimates more rapidly with more readily available all-age vital registration (VR) data. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) is an ongoing research effort that quantifies human health by estimating a range of epidemiological quantities of interest across time, age, sex, location, cause, and risk. This study—part of the latest GBD release, GBD 2023—aims to provide new and updated estimates of all-cause mortality and life expectancy for 1950 to 2023 using a novel statistical model that accounts for complex correlation structures in demographic data across age and time. We used 24 025 data sources from VR, sample registration, surveys, censuses, and other sources to estimate all-cause mortality for males, females, and all sexes combined across 25 age groups in 204 countries and territories as well as 660 subnational units in 20 countries and territories, for the years 1950–2023. For the first time, we used complete birth history data for ages 5–14 years, age-specific sibling history data for ages 15–49 years, and age-specific mortality data from Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems. We developed a single statistical model that incorporates both parametric and non-parametric methods, referred to as OneMod, to produce estimates of all-cause mortality for each age-sex-location group. OneMod includes two main steps: a detailed regression analysis with a generalised linear modelling tool that accounts for age-specific covariate effects such as the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a population attributable fraction (PAF) for all risk factors combined; and a non-parametric analysis of residuals using a multivariate kernel regression model that smooths across age and time to adaptably follow trends in the data without overfitting. We calibrated asymptotic uncertainty estimates using Pearson residuals to produce 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) and corresponding 1000 draws. Life expectancy was calculated from age-specific mortality rates with standard demographic methods. For each measure, 95% UIs were calculated with the 25th and 975th ordered values from a 1000-draw posterior distribution. In 2023, 60·1 million (95% UI 59·0–61·1) deaths occurred globally, of which 4·67 million (4·59–4·75) were in children younger than 5 years. Due to considerable population growth and ageing since 1950, the number of annual deaths globally increased by 35·2% (32·2–38·4) over the 1950–2023 study period, during which the global age-standardised all-cause mortality rate declined by 66·6% (65·8–67·3). Trends in age-specific mortality rates between 2011 and 2023 varied by age group and location, with the largest decline in under-5 mortality occurring in east Asia (67·7% decrease); the largest increases in mortality for those aged 5–14 years, 25–29 years, and 30–39 years occurring in high-income North America (11·5%, 31·7%, and 49·9%, respectively); and the largest increases in mortality for those aged 15–19 years and 20–24 years occurring in Eastern Europe (53·9% and 40·1%, respectively). We also identified higher than previously estimated mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa for all sexes combined aged 5–14 years (87·3% higher in GBD 2023 than GBD 2021 on average across countries and territories over the 1950–2021 period) and for females aged 15–29 years (61·2% higher), as well as lower than previously estimated mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa for all sexes combined aged 50 years and older (13·2% lower), reflecting advances in our modelling approach. Global life expectancy followed three distinct trends over the study period. First, between 1950 and 2019, there were considerable improvements, from 51·2 (50·6–51·7) years for females and 47·9 (47·4–48·4) years for males in 1950 to 76·3 (76·2–76·4) years for females and 71·4 (71·3–71·5) years for males in 2019. Second, this period was followed by a decrease in life expectancy during the COVID-19 pandemic, to 74·7 (74·6–74·8) years for females and 69·3 (69·2–69·4) years for males in 2021. Finally, the world experienced a period of post-pandemic recovery in 2022 and 2023, wherein life expectancy generally returned to pre-pandemic (2019) levels in 2023 (76·3 [76·0–76·6] years for females and 71·5 [71·2–71·8] years for males). 194 (95·1%) of 204 countries and territories experienced at least partial post-pandemic recovery in age-standardised mortality rates by 2023, with 61·8% (126 of 204) recovering to or falling below pre-pandemic levels. There were several mortality trajectories during and following the pandemic across countries and territories. Long-term mortality trends also varied considerably between age groups and locations, demonstrating the diverse landscape of health outcomes globally. This analysis identified several key differences in mortality trends from previous estimates, including higher rates of adolescent mortality, higher rates of young adult mortality in females, and lower rates of mortality in older age groups in much of sub-Saharan Africa. The findings also highlight stark differences across countries and territories in the timing and scale of changes in all-cause mortality trends during and following the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–23). Our estimates of evolving trends in mortality and life expectancy across locations, ages, sexes, and SDI levels in recent years as well as over the entire 1950–2023 study period provide crucial information for governments, policy makers, and the public to ensure that health-care systems, economies, and societies are prepared to address the world's health needs, particularly in populations with higher rates of mortality than previously known. The estimates from this study provide a robust framework for GBD and a valuable foundation for policy development, implementation, and evaluation around the world. Gates Foundation
Snake venom in conjugation with silica nanoparticles: an emerging cancer therapy
No full textCancer remains one of the most prevalent causes of mortality worldwide and thus necessitates the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Snake venom, consisting of a complex mixture of bioactive proteins and peptides, has demonstrated significant anti-cancer effects such as cytotoxicity, angiogenesis inhibition, and apoptosis induction. However, its clinical applicability is restrained due to stability concerns and off-target toxicity. The current review aims to investigate the potential of employing silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) as a vehicle for administering snake venom to enhance therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity. Snake venom conjugated SiO2 NP shave gained attention recently due to their biocompatibility, stability, and optimal loading efficiency. In vitro investigations on cancer cell lines revealed a considerable increase in cytotoxicity and induction of apoptosis as compared to free snake venom, with greater selectivity for malignant cells. Furthermore, apoptotic cell death through overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)has also been shown in preliminary in vivo models. The main aim of this review article is to highlight that combining snake venom and SiO2 NPs can work in conjunction to provide tailored cancer treatment. This novel strategy not only overcomes the drawbacks of traditional treatments but also opens up the possibilities for more preclinical and clinical research on the application of venom-based nanotherapeutics in oncology.The publication of this article was supported by Qatar National Library.Scopu
Application of Emotional Intelligence in Surgical Education: A Scoping Review
No full textBACKGROUNDEmotional Intelligence (EI) encompasses the ability to perceive, understand, and manage emotions and is increasingly recognized as a vital nontechnical (soft) skill within surgical education. Its relevance extends to stress management, leadership, and communication, essential traits in high-stakes surgical environments. Despite its theoretical importance, EI has yet to be adequately embedded into structured surgical training curricula. This scoping review aims to summarize key findings, examine the tools used, identify gaps in the literature, and highlight future research opportunities in the application of EI in surgical education. METHODSA scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Five databases—MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science—were systematically searched for studies published between 1990 and 2024. Eligible studies focused on EI in surgical trainees (residents, interns, fellows, and medical students in surgical contexts), specifically excluding practicing surgeons, to emphasize the educational aspect of EI. Data extraction included study design, EI measurement tools, outcome measures, and academic application. The methodological quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument. RESULTSOut of 4336 records, 25 studies were included, with 22 involving surgical trainees and 3 focusing on medical students in surgical contexts. Most studies were cross-sectional (n = 14), followed by longitudinal (n = 4), quasi-experimental (n = 4), and one each using descriptive, correlational, and mixed-methods designs. The most used EI assessment was the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-TEIQue (n = 15), followed by the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test-MSCEIT (n = 4), Emotional Quotient Inventory-EQ-i (n = 3), and other tools (n = 3). EI was linked to reduced burnout, greater stress resilience, and improved communication (n = 18), while 7 studies found minimal association. Few studies explored patient outcomes (n = 2), cultural (n = 1), or interprofessional (n = 1) aspects. Simulation-based training (n = 1) and reflective exercises (n = 1) showed promise for EI development. CONCLUSIONSEI enhances the well-being, communication proficiency, and leadership capacity of surgical trainees. However, its integration is hindered by methodological inconsistencies and contextual heterogeneity within surgical education. Key gaps include the lack of standardized assessment tools, limited longitudinal research, and insufficient alignment with competency-based frameworks. Advancing EI application requires the adoption of innovative, evidence-informed pedagogical approaches to cultivate emotionally resilient surgeons prepared for the future
رسالة السنة التربوية
No full textإن ميدان التربية في سنة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم هو أوسع الميادين؛ بل كانت حياته صلى الله عليه وسلم كلها تربية، إذ شملت الأسرة والمسجد وجميع مجالات الحياة الأخرى، كما شملت الأقرباء والأصدقاء وعامة المسلمين، ولم تقتصر على حالة السّلم فحسب؛ بل كانت توجيهاته حاضرة في الحرب كذلك، كما كانت تربيته في الحضر والسفر، ولم يخص فئة عمرية بعينها دون غيرها؛ وإنما كانت للرجل والمرأة، وللصغير والكبير، وهذا التقسيم الأخير هو ما وقع عليه الاختيار في تقسيم البحث، لاعتبارات أرادتها إدارة تحرير هذا الكتاب الموقر. ومن يتأمل في توجيهاته صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ التربوية؛ يجده قد استخدم الكثير من الوسائل والأساليب التربوية التي تستحق الوقوف عليها طويلا للاستنباط، ما جعلها من أكثر أساليب التربية الحديثة نجاعة وفائدة، والتي صارت تنادي بها أرقى المدارس التربوية على مستوى العالم، فقد استطاع صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أن يحدث التغيير في أمة أمية سمتها الجهل، وهمهم الصراع، وتعمهم المفاسد، فنقلهم من الشرك إلى التوحيد، ومن الظلام إلى النور، ومن بعد التفرق إلى الألفة والتعاون والتكاتف والوحدة، فصنع منهم أمة تقدم للعالم أعظم وأجمل حضارة عرفتها الإنسانية، فحق على الدارسين أن يقفوا على منهجه صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ في التربية ووسائله وأساليبه.وزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الإسلامية بدولة قط
The frame of reference used by key boundary personnel in SMEs in diverse cultures: a comparison of Japan and Qatar
No full textPurpose: This study aims to examine the theoretical and epistemological assumptions that underlie strategic decision-making in small-medium enterprises (SMEs) relationships by examining the different organizational frames of reference (OFoR) used in two different cultures - Japan and Qatar. Design/methodology/approach: The data were collected from a self-administered questionnaire. The data analysis was conducted on three stages; confirmatory factor analysis, Indices calculation and cluster analysis to examine the cross-national differences in various FoR. Findings: Results reveal that SME managers in both Japan and Qatar exhibit aspects of all four OFoR types, but with notable differences in dominant frames by country. This indicates a blend of universal and culturally specific factors shaping strategic decision-making across the two regions. Originality/value: By being the rare studies to directly compare OFoR in SMEs across distinct cultural settings, this research contributes a novel perspective on cross-cultural strategic frameworks in SME environments. The findings deepen understanding of how cultural context shapes strategic frames, offering valuable insights for scholars and practitioners aiming to facilitate cross-cultural collaboration and strategic alignment in multinational SME settings.Funding: This study has received support from Qatar University and Marubeni Corporation Grant, MQJRC2-334.Scopu
Financial Literacy in the Modern Economy: Bridging the Knowledge Gap for Entrepreneurs and Beyond
No full textThis chapter underscores the critical role of financial literacy, especially for entrepreneurs, in today's rapidly changing economic landscape. The significance of this subject is evident, yet recent studies from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Standard & Poor's (S&P) reveal an alarming deficiency in financial knowledge, with a vast number of adults, including budding entrepreneurs, unable to understand fundamental financial concepts. This was particularly evident during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This knowledge gap affects not just individual entrepreneurs but can also pose systemic risks, especially with emergent challenges like the introduction of digital assets. Our chapter takes a holistic view, exploring topics from entrepreneurial financial planning to the socio-economic factors influencing financial choices. Highlighting gender disparities in financial literacy, we emphasise the urgent need for a gender-inclusive approach to financial education. This approach ensures both individual entrepreneurial success and collective resilience against economic adversities.This chapter was made possible by a Qatar University & Marubeni Corporation Grant # (MQJRC-2020-1). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.Scopu