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Author Correction: Pay-it-forward incentives for hepatitis virus testing in men who have sex with men: a cluster randomized trial
Get PDFAuthor Correction to "Pay-it-forward incentives for hepatitis virus testing in men who have sex with men: a cluster randomized trial
Author Correction: Organ-specific metastases obtained by culturing colorectal cancer cells on tissue-specific decellularized scaffolds
Get PDFAuthor Correction to "Organ-specific metastases obtained by culturing colorectal cancer cells on tissue-specific decellularized scaffolds
Comfort Food: Building Engagement And Belonging With New UNCW Students Through Dining Services
Get PDFUNCW Business Services and Dining have an opportunity to connect and engage with students by creating a sense of belonging with the dining experience on campus. A report, which surveyed students nationwide, asked about any roadblocks to college success and found 51% worry about basic needs that higher education services provide, such as food, housing, or transportation (NACAS & Wasserman Next Gen, 2023), highlighting the connection and importance of higher education dining services and the student experience. A study on the sense of belonging in college freshmen at the classroom and campus levels at a Southeastern university found that a sense of belonging has been shown to positively impact students’ social and psychological well-being, self-confidence, academic achievement, and retention (Freeman et al., 2007). Adapting services with effective communication through social media strategies targeted to Gen Z can positively impact service quality, the student’s feeling of belonging, and the overall student experience. This project developed a research-driven social media strategy guide for UNCW Business Services and Dining Services teams with strategies based on four areas of belonging: the higher education connection, food insecurity, dietary need and preference, and convenience. As Lu (2023) also concluded, higher education institutions can’t make students feel a sense of belonging, but they can create conditions where the likelihood of feeling a sense of belonging is the greatest. The guide provides best practices for connecting with new UNCW students to promote increased engagement before arriving on campus and during their first year, ultimately contributing to a greater sense of belonging and positive student experience.Master of Arts in Digital Communicatio
Associations between anxious-depression and cognitive change and mild cognitive impairment: HCHS/SOL Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging
Get PDFOBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between anxious-depression symptoms with cognitive change and prevalent mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos. METHODS: Participants were enrolled in the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) and the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Anxiety and depression were measured at Visit 1 using the 10-item Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, with latent class analysis applied to derive anxious-depression phenotypes based on items from both scales. Cognitive tests were completed at Visits 1 and 2 (average 7-years follow-up), where change was assessed using a change index between Visit 1 and 2, and function was assessed at Visit 2. Prevalent MCI was assessed using National Institute on Aging diagnostic criteria. Regression models were used to investigate the association of anxious-depression phenotypes with cognitive function, change, and MCI. RESULTS: In 6140 participants (mean age = 56.5 ± 8.1-years), three anxious-depression profiles were identified: low (62 %), moderate (30 %), and high (8 %). All three profiles were associated with cognitive function at Visit 2, where high and moderate phenotypes were associated with lower cognitive scores compared to low. Moderate and high anxious-depression phenotypes were associated with greater prevalence of MCI compared to low (OR [95 % CI] = 1.64 [1.25; 2.16] and OR = 1.62 [1.12; 2.33], respectively). We found no associations between cognitive change and anxious-depression phenotype. DISCUSSION: Co-occurring elevated anxiety and depression symptoms were associated with lower cognitive function and increased prevalence MCI 7-years later, but not overall changes in cognitive function between Visit 1 and Visit 2
Add Health as a Resource for the Science of the Exposome: Health Context Measures
Get PDFThe health context dataset described in this user guide includes measures capturing the degree to which environments support the health and wellbeing of residents—a result of social and structural inequality. Subjects covered include birth outcomes, health status, mortality, health insurance coverage and health expenditures, access to care, health behaviors, health disparities, state safety net generosity, and environmental factors. This health context dataset is part of a larger data collection effort that was designed to help scientists more effectively operationalize and study the exposome – the constellation of social, economic, psychological, behavioral, environmental, and biological factors that combine to shape the onset and progression of chronic disease, morbidity, and mortality. The measures described in this guide were assembled, cleaned, and merged to Add Health’s core and biological data by Taylor Hargrove, Brian Frizzelle, and Sarah Petry, under the direction of Robert A. Hummer, at the Carolina Population Center (CPC) at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Introduction
Get PDFIt is with great pleasure that I present the ninth volume of the Global Africana Review. This journal was established to showcase the very best scholarship that has been produced by our students over the past year. As is true of past issues, the articles selected this year are of the very highest quality. This speaks to the ability, hard work, and dedication of our students. It also speaks to the high-quality mentorship that our students have received from our faculty
Wave V Fatal and Non-Fatal Police Shootings User Guide
Get PDFPolice violence is an urgent public health crisis in the U.S. With more than 1,000 people killed by police each year from 2013-2022, violent encounters with police are increasingly understood as an important cause of mortality, especially in Black and other minoritized communities. Morbidities stemming from police violence can also proliferate beyond direct victims to loved ones and community members. Since the fatal shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, MO, in 2014, there has been a heightened societal scrutiny of police violence. Alongside this scrutiny is emerging research investigating how individuals’ exposure to police violence undermines their health via post-traumatic stress, depression, poor sleep, and other factors
Editorial: Inflammation and immune factors in venous thromboembolism
Get PDFThis collection of articles provides a comprehensive and timely overview of the multifaceted roles that immune and inflammatory mechanisms play in thrombus development and progression, highlights several critical aspects of the role of inflammation in venous thrombosis, and contributes significantly to the evolving understanding of venous thromboembolism (VTE) as not only a coagulation disorder but a complex immuno-inflammatory condition. Taken together, the studies presented in this Research Topic offer important mechanistic insights and set the stage for future investigations that bridge vascular biology, immunology, and thrombosis research
Sheltering from the storm: The role of a quality improvement collaborative focused on improving HIV care retention in New Orleans during and following Hurricane Ida
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Climate-related events, including hurricanes in New Orleans, Louisiana (NOLA), are becoming more intense and frequent, presenting challenges to HIV-related health care system facilities, staff, and patients. Addressing these challenges through quality improvement collaboratives (QICs) may blunt their impact through redesign of systems, leading to improved retention in HIV care during severe disruptions. We present a case study of a federally-supported QIC that was in progress to improve care engagement when Hurricane Ida struck in August 2021. METHODS: We conducted key informant interviews with providers, health department staff, and capacity building specialists involved in the QIC. These interviews were augmented by fieldnotes from 4 learning sessions, day-long workshops that featured clinic-level and jurisdiction-level presentations and brainstorming, including efforts to improve emergency preparedness and respond to hurricanes. RESULTS: Immediate disruptions included damage and loss of physical buildings, homes, electrical power, and displacement of clients and providers/staff. These disruptions contributed to significant barriers to accessing HIV care and treatment. Efforts to overcome barriers resulted in solutions to help clients gain access to HIV treatment, especially at pharmacies in nearby states, to which they were evacuated or voluntarily relocated. Being part of the QIC and using QIC-related listservs and messaging apps allowed HIV-care teams to more effectively connect with clients, facilitate access to treatment, and feel less isolated as they navigated the hurricane's impact. Although the QIC was not originally focused on climate change or disaster relief, following the hurricane, the necessity of addressing emergency preparedness became clear to ensure continuity of care during climate-related events. CONCLUSIONS: There is an urgent need to build health care system resiliency against climate-related disasters and emergencies. QICs offer a vehicle for strengthening systems and assuring quality of care to address disasters and prepare for them, crises that are unfortunately ever more frequent as climate change advances
An anatomically informed computational fluid dynamics modeling approach for quantifying hemodynamics in the developing heart
Get PDFCongenital heart defects occur in approximately 1% of newborns in the US annually. Currently, less than a third of congenital heart defects can be traced to a known genetic or environmental cause, suggesting that a large proportion of disease-causing mechanisms have yet to be fully characterized. Hemodynamic forces such as wall shear stress are critical for heart development and are known to induce changes in embryonic cardiac patterning leading to malformations. However, measuring these hemodynamic factors in vivo is infeasible due to physical limitations, such as the small size and constant motion of the embryonic heart. This serves as a significant barrier towards developing a mechanics-based understanding of the origins of congenital heart defects. An alternative approach is to recapitulate the hemodynamic environment by simulating blood flow and calculating the resulting hemodynamic forces through computational fluid dynamics modeling. Thus, we have developed a robust computational fluid dynamics modeling pipeline to quantify hemodynamics within cell-accurate anatomies of embryonic chick hearts. Here we describe the implementation of single plane illumination light sheet fluorescent microscopy to generate full three-dimensional reconstructions of the embryonic heart in silico, quantitative geometric morphometric methods for identifying anatomic variability across samples, and computational fluid dynamic approaches for calculating flow, pressure, and wall shear stress within complex tissue architectures. Together, these methods produce a fast, robust, and accessible system of analysis for generating high-resolution, quantitative descriptions of anatomical variability and hemodynamic forces in the embryonic heart