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Sentimentalism and the Feeling Body
Get PDFSentimental literature of the nineteenth century depicts the struggles of errant young women as they attempt to achieve self-control and comply with normative ideals of feminine conduct. Religious piety often figures centrally in these efforts, as sentimental heroines learn to imitate Christ in their pursuit of self-mastery and acquire moral instruction through the study of scripture. Sentimentalism’s preoccupation with spiritual matters, however, did not preclude an interest in corporeal matters, and sentimental writers afford particular attention to the body. Focused principally on depicting female development – and sustained by women writers and readers alike – sentimentalism attended to the female body in particular and warned of the special dangers that it posed, whether through its susceptibility to seduction or through its capacity to instill vanity in worldly young women. Sentimentalism characterized the female body as an especial hazard in need of protection, and, through the repeated depiction of the perils that may befall the defenseless female body, sentimental texts often assumed a public pedagogic role in teaching female readers to exercise caution and avoid unnecessary danger
Learning Abroad in Action: A Case Study of Sport in England
Get PDFMany universities have moved towards the faculty-led short-term study abroad model to maximise the student experience and also to be intentional about including student populations who may not study abroad because of some hesitation or barriers. Specifically, these programmes are an effective way to provide students an opportunity to explore international learning in a way that is more accessible. This chapter presents a case study of a successful short-term study abroad model and includes syllabus language and recommendations for faculty who want to create a short-term class. Specifically, information is presented about four distinct elements a short-term class should include: 1) learning objectives, 2) pre-travel preparation, 3) trip implementation, and 4) post-travel processing
Visual Documentation for Barnett Newman’s Curatorial Projects, 1944-1946 PART I: Image Records for \u3cem\u3ePre-Columbian Stone Sculpture\u3c/em\u3e (1944) & \u3cem\u3eNorthwest Coast Indian Painting \u3c/em\u3e(1946)
Get PDFThe article analyzes works of Barnett Newman, who is best known to scholars of abstract expressionism. Newman had staged, in collaboration with Betty Parsons, three exhibitions of decisive significance after 1948 for assessing the basis of what he came to call ideographic painting. In 1944, Newman and Parsons organized the exhibition Pre-Columbian Stone Sculpture, whose brochure itemizes fifty objects
Generating the Best Hearthstone Decks for a Players Collection via Artificial Intelligence
No full textGenerating decks in Collectible Card Games (CCG’s) has been a hot spot for artificial intelligence in recent years. Artificial intelligence methods have usually attacked this problem without considering the specific cards accessible to a player. In this paper, we examine the capability to generate decks in Hearthstone, a CCG, for individual players based on their cards using Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) with a neural network fitness function. In these experiments, the approach shows a promising result that EA algorithms can generate good decks for a players collection
Jain Rāmāyaṇa Narratives: Moral Vision and Literary Innovation
No full textJain Rāmāyaṇa Narratives: Moral Vision and Literary Innovation traces how and why Jain authors at different points in history rewrote the story of Rāma and situates these texts within larger frameworks of South Asian religious history and literature.
The book argues that the plot, characters, and the very history of Jain Rāma composition itself served as a continual font of inspiration for authors to create and express novel visions of moral personhood. In making this argument, the book examines three versions of the Rāma story composed by two authors, separated in time and space by over 800 years and thousands of miles. The first is Raviṣeṇa, who composed the Sanskrit Padmapurāṇa (“The Deeds of Padma”), and the second is Brahma Jinadāsa, author of both a Sanskrit Padmapurāṇa and a vernacular (bhāṣā) version of the story titled Rām Rās (“The Story of Rām”). While the three compositions narrate the same basic story and work to shape ethical subjects, they do so in different ways and with different visions of what a moral person actually is. A close comparative reading focused on the differences between these three texts reveals the diverse visions of moral personhood held by Jains in premodernity and demonstrates the innovative narrative strategies authors utilized in order to actualize those visions.
The book is thus a valuable contribution to the fields of Jain studies and religion and literature in premodern South Asia.https://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/mono/1184/thumbnail.jp
Diversity, Biogeography, and Reproductive Evolution in the Genus \u3cem\u3ePipa\u3c/em\u3e (Amphibia: Anura: Pipidae)
No full textThe genus Pipa is a species-poor clade of Neotropical frogs and one of the most bizarre-looking due to many highly derived anatomical traits related to their fully aquatic lifestyle. With their African relatives, they form the Pipidae family, which has attracted much attention, especially regarding its anatomy, reproductive biology, paleontology and biogeography. However, the actual diversity and phylogenetic relationships within Pipa remain poorly understood, and thus so do their historical biogeography and the evolution of striking features, such as the absence of teeth and endotrophy in some species. Using short mtDNA sequences across the distribution of the genus, we identified 15 main lineages (Operational Taxonomic Units - OTUs). This more than doubles the number of the currently seven valid nominal species. Several closely related OTUs do not share nuDNA alleles, confirming species divergence. Time-calibrated phylogenies obtained from mitogenomes and from 10 nuclear loci provide highly similar topologies but strikingly distinct node ages for Pipa. High dN/dS ratios and the variation of substitution rates across the trees suggest a strong effect of saturation on fast evolving positions of mtDNA, producing a substantially shorter stem branch of Pipa. Focusing on the nuDNA topology, we inferred an early Neogene Amazonian origin of the diversification of Pipa, with an initial split between the Guiana-Brazilian Shields and Western Amazonia, a pattern observed in many other co-distributed groups. All the western species are edentate, suggesting a single loss in the genus. Each of these groups diversified further out of Amazonia, toward the Atlantic Forest and toward trans-Andean forests, respectively. These events are concomitant with paleogeographic changes and match patterns observed in other co-distributed taxonomic groups. The two Amazonian lineages have probably independently acquired endotrophic larval development
Out of the Shadows: Multilocus Systematics and Biogeography of Night Monkeys Suggest a Central Amazonian Origin and a Very Recent Widespread Southeastward Expansion in South America
No full textNight monkeys (Aotus, Cebidae) are a widely distributed genus of Neotropical primates with a poorly understood taxonomy and biogeography. The number of species in the genus varies from one to nine, depending on the author, and there are at least 18 known karyotypes, varying from 2n = 46 to 2n = 58. Historically, night monkeys are divided into two species groups: red- and grey-necked groups from south and north of the Amazon-Solimões River, respectively. Here, we used 10 nuclear and 10 mitochondrial molecular markers from a wide taxonomic and geographic sample to infer phylogeny, divergence times, and biogeography of the genus. For phylogenetic reconstruction we used Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inferences (BI). Biogeographic models were generated using the ‘BioGeoBEARS’ software. We found support for nine taxa of Aotus and rejected the existence of monophyletic “red necked” and “grey necked” species groups. We suggest a taxonomic reclassification of the genus, which is better represented by two clades named northern group, which contains Aotus miconax, A. nancymae, A. trivirgatus, A. vociferans, A. lemurinus, A. griseimembra, A. zonalis, and A. brumbacki, and southern group, which contains A. nigriceps, A. boliviensis, A. infulatus, and A. azarae. The results suggest that the most recent common ancestor of all species of Aotus arose in the central Amazon basin in the Early Pliocene. The evolutionary history of night monkeys was guided by dispersal, vicariance and founder events. The end of the Andean uplift and the subsequent changes in the Amazon landscape, as well as the Amazon-Solimões and Tapajós rivers may have played an important role in the origin and diversification of Aotus, respectively. However, most of the Amazonian rivers seem not to have been geographical barriers to dispersal of night monkeys. The herein named southern group is fruit of a very recent diversification guided by dispersal, crossing the Tapajós, Xingú, Tocantins, and Guapore rivers and reaching the Cerrado in the last 1.6 My
Antecedents of Geographical Expansion: The Case of Federally Qualified Health Centers
No full textBackground Federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) are pivotal safety net primary care providers for the medically underserved. FQHCs have complex organizational designs, with many FQHCs providing care at multiple physical locations ( sites ). The number of sites, however, varies considerably between FQHCs, which can have important implications for differential access that may perpetuate disparities in quality of care. Purpose The objective of this study is to explore the organizational and environmental antecedents of the number of sites operated by each FQHC. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of FQHCs\u27 expansion that has vital implications for cost and access outcomes. Methodology/Approach The study is based on data between the years 2012 and 2018. Using multivariate growth curve modeling, we analyzed the final sample, consisting of 5,482 FQHC-years. Results The level of competition, measured as the number of FQHC sites in the Primary Care Service Area (PCSA) and the number of primary care physicians per 1,000 PCSA residents, was positively associated with the number of FQHC sites. The number of patients, the level of federal grant, and the year were also positively associated with the number of FQHC sites, whereas percentage of Medicaid patients; workforce supply, measured as primary care physician assistants per 1,000 PCSA residents; Medicaid expansion; and state/local funding available for FQHCs were not. Conclusion Findings of this study indicate that competition, especially between peer FQHCs, is significantly associated with FQHC expansion. Practice Implications This result suggests that FQHC managers and policymakers may closely monitor cost, access, and quality implications of competition and FQHC expansion