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Simulation Study of Sea Spray Aerosol formation
No full textThe Kaohsiung Industrial Zone, as one of Taiwan's important industrial bases, has made significant contributions to economic growth. However, over the years, the Kaohsiung Industrial Zone has faced challenges related to air pollution, attributed to heavy industries, topography, and monsoons, making it a focal point of concern in the social environment. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the process of aerosol formation by investigating aerosols generated from different environmental water bodies. The focus is primarily on simulating aerosols produced by the bursting of sea water bubbles. Experimental setups were designed in the laboratory to simulate different water bodies, flow rates, ion compositions, and simulate seawater under different conditions. Various tests were conducted using SMPS (Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer) and OPS (Optical Particle Sizer) analyses to understand the trends in particle formation under different environmental, wind speed, and water conditions.
The research results indicate that the particle number concentration decreases from low to high in the following order: DI water, RO water, tap water, artificial seawater, and natural seawater. This suggests that DI water has the lowest concentration due to its simpler ion composition, and the order follows the simplicity to complexity of ion composition. Tap water, at a wind speed of 0.8 m/s, shows similar particle number concentration and size distribution in the Nucleation mode (10-30 nm) compared to artificial seawater and seawater. This indicates that tap water has similar particle generation capability for small particles as artificial seawater and seawater, but it lacks sufficient ions in the water to facilitate collisions with air and generate more particles. When the wind speed is increased from 0.8 m/s to 1.7 m/s in the experiment, the number concentration for DI water becomes 2.8 times that of the 0.8 m/s wind speed, RO water becomes 1.4 times, tap water becomes 1.4 times, artificial seawater becomes 1.2 times, and seawater becomes 1.3 times. Except for DI water, which experiences greater fluctuations due to interfering factors, other water bodies show a proportional increase in aerosol particle number concentration with the intake wind speed. Natural seawater, with increasing wind speed, is gradually surpassed by ecological seawater, indicating that seawater in an ecological environment has a higher ion abundance than typical Kaohsiung Harbor seawater. It also suggests that, even with a higher ion abundance in the water, particles are not easily carried out and aerosols are not easily generated without reaching a sufficient wind speed.
The analysis results reveal that increasing wind speed to accelerate bubble flow will lead to higher particle number concentration in any water body, especially noticeable in artificial seawater and seawater. In the analysis, it is observed that the number concentration, surface area concentration, and volume concentration of artificial seawater and seawater are most similar at a wind speed of 0.8 m/s, indicating that in the future, it is indeed possible to mimic marine environments and simulate the generation of marine aerosol particles in DI water in proportion
Eat, Sleep, Work, Repeat: The Impact of Work-related Stress on Emotional Eating Behavior and Sleep Quality
No full textThis study examines the relationships among work-related stress, emotional eating behavior, perceived stress before sleep, and sleep quality among Taiwanese individuals. It tests: 1) whether emotional eating behavior mediates the relationship between work-related stress and sleep quality, as well as between work-related stress and perceived stress before sleep; 2) the direct relationship between work-related stress and sleep quality; and 3) the direct relationship between work-related stress and perceived stress before sleep. This research adopts a questionnaire survey, divided into three stages of measurement: the first stage measures the level of stress after work, the second stage measures emotional eating behavior and the degree of perceived stress before sleep, and the third stage measures sleep quality. The final sample size is 262. Results indicate that a) emotional eating behavior significantly mediates the relationship between work-related stress and perceived stress before sleep; b) emotional eating behavior significantly mediates the relationship between work-related stress and sleep quality; c) work-related stress is negatively correlated with perceived stress before sleep and sleep quality
The industrial analysis and the competitive strategy development of Taiwanese esports companies.
No full textIn 2022, the revenue of the global e-sports industry exceeded $1.3 billion and the number of audiences grew to over 500 million. In addition, e-sports became an official competition in Hangzhou Asian Games for the first time. Meanwhile, over 80% of gaming gears are produced by Taiwanese manufacturers, so Taiwan is one of the biggest beneficiaries of the growth of the e-sports industry. Therefore, this study aims to understand the composition of Taiwanese e-sports industry and the international competitiveness of Taiwanese gaming gears manufacturers.
There are few international business studies focused on e-sports industry. Besides, most of the domestic e-sport studies are not about the structure of industry. As a result, this study decides to use value network analysis to define the roles, value exchange, importance of the players in e-sports industry, and also adopts generalized double diamond to measure the international competitiveness of Taiwanese gaming gears manufacturers and then generate strategy.
The core roles of the e-sports value network include video game developer, e-sports tournament organizer, resource providers, talents suppliers, live streaming servicer, streamers and viewers. According to the interviews, this study identified three difficulties of Taiwanese e-sports industry, which are negative stereotypes, brain drain, and the size of home market. Taiwan can overcome those difficulties by improving the career development of e-sports students, making long-term developing plan, and accelerating the growth of virtual sports. In addition, this study also finds that Taiwanese companies gain advantages by obtaining resources from international market, sound related and supporting industries, strong innovation ability, and fast pace of internationalization
Development of Marine Photobioreactor System for Sarcodia suiae cultivating
No full textThe present study mainly refers to wave power generation methods to develop a marine photobioreactor system for cultivating Sarcodia suiae. The primary objective is to conserve unnecessary energy consumption and costs by utilizing natural marine resources while reducing the land and space occupied by onshore cultivation.
Leveraging the thermostatic and constant salinity of the ocean. The sunlight is directed into the cultivation tanks via optical lenses and fibers. The Floating buoys drive the blades rotation. It achieves a tumbling cultivation method to prevent Sarcodia suiae from overlapping and creating an optimal growth environment. Additionally, a self-made circuit box continuously monitors temperature, light intensity, voltage data, and a homemade waterproof camera assists in monitoring the experimental process for any anomalies. An LED auxiliary system provides sufficient light when sunlight is insufficient.
The study of this marine photobioreactor system is divided into two stages: laboratory hydraulic experiments and real sea deployed experiments. The laboratory experimental results show that the larger the wave period and wave height, the faster the rotation speed of the blades in the breeding tank. When the wave-maker tank generates waves with a wave height of 6.9 cm and a period of 2 s, it takes 14 seconds for the blades to rotate once (That is, 7 cycles are required). It shows that the design concept of the wave driving the buoy to move up and down to drive the rotation of the blades in the breeding tank is feasible. The test results in the sea outside Sizihwan Bay show that in addition to the fact that sea waves can indeed drive the blades to rotate. In addition, since the wave height near the north embankment of Sizihwan Bay is much greater than 6.9cm, the up and down displacement of the buoy of this system measured in the sea has reached its maximum design limit, and thus every wave action can drive the rotation angle of the blades in the breeding tank to exceed 120\uc2\ub0, and it only takes three wave cycles to drive the blades to rotate once. Relevant monitoring data were successfully connected to mobile phones and computers on shore via Wi-Fi to record monitoring.
Through hydraulic experiments and actual sea area testing, it has been confirmed that the design concept of the marine photobioreactor system in this study applied to Sarcodia suiae cultivation is very feasible. After calculating the forces of the marine photobioreactor system under the action of waves and currents, and designing an appropriate anchoring system, this offshore farming system should have great potential for commercial application and is worthy of promotion
Offloading strategies for deadline-sensitive applications with complex dependent tasks in multi-core edge environments
No full textWith the rapid development of technology, a myriad of applications has emerged, ranging from diverse fields and serving various purposes. This proliferation of applications has led to an ongoing enhancement of service quality standards. However, traditional data processing methods are struggling to keep pace with the escalating complexity of demands. The conventional local computing model, constrained by its limited processing capabilities, faces challenges in handling the massive data processing requirements. Moreover, transmitting data to the cloud for computation, while offering extensive computing resources, introduces delays due to data transmission time, thereby compromising user experience. In light of these limitations, edge computing has emerged as a promising computing model, drawing increasing attention from the tech community.
Edge computing relocates computing resources to the point of data generation or near it, facilitating local data processing. This strategic placement helps to minimize transmission delays and lessen reliance on central data centers. This innovative computing paradigm offers novel solutions for enhancing application performance and user experience. Within the framework of edge computing, applications can leverage local computing resources more dynamically, resulting in reduced latency and increased responsiveness. This not only enhances the operational efficiency of applications but also delivers smoother and more real-time services, enriching the interactive experience for users.
With the rapid rise in popularity of edge computing, more and more applications need to perform tasks on servers close to the local area. As applications become more diversified, complex dependent tasks are gradually becoming mainstream. These tasks may contain multiple subtasks with interdependencies between them. Additionally, these apps have deadlines and all tasks must be completed within a certain time limit to get reward. In this case, it becomes crucial to determine the offloading strategy as the environment changes and maximize the total reward obtained.
However, due to the complexity of dependent tasks and the uncertainty of edge environments, how to efficiently offload and schedule has become a very challenging problem. Therefore, this study considers the scenario of multi-core servers, performs complex dependent tasks in a parallel processing manner, and allocates tasks of the same application to the same server as much as possible to reduce task delivery time and thereby reduce overall latency
Development of A Neural Network Accelerator Generation Platform for FPGA Devices
No full textIn recent years, the development of neural network accelerators has been driven by the need to support various neural network models. However, as more models are developed and application requirements evolve, a single hardware accelerator struggles to maintain high computational efficiency and hardware resource utilization across different models and applications. Therefore, this thesis proposes a neural network accelerator generation platform that integrates with FPGA to fully leverage FPGA's reconfigurability, allowing the platform to provide specific hardware accelerators tailored to different models and application requirements. The proposed generation platform offers two operating modes: the first mode enables users to customize hardware accelerators based on cost considerations and user evaluations, while the second mode automatically analyzes user requirements based on input computational cycles and the selected model to generate hardware accelerators closest to the desired cycle count. Additionally, by incorporating adjustable hardware resource features, the generated hardware accelerators only include computations modules necessary for the model, reducing unnecessary modules and effectively lowering resource utilization during synthesis. Thus, the implementation of the generation platform helps improve computational efficiency and hardware resource utilization, better meeting the needs of different models and applications, and facilitating better trade-offs between hardware size and performance. For example, using models like Yolo V3 Tiny, VGG16, and MobileNet, the overall circuit area can be reduced by 7% to 12% without affecting execution speed by removing unnecessary modules. Furthermore, selecting different on-chip memory buffer sizes can lead to a slightly 5% increase in external memory accesses but reduces the hardware accelerator area by 37%. Finally, using Yolo V3 Tiny as an example, our experimental results show that the generated accelerator increases computational speed by 1.4 times with just a 1% increase in area, while reducing external memory access frequency by 10% comparing with our reference design
The Study of the Control Yuan National Human Rights Commission\ue2Focusing on \ue3The Paris Principles\ue3
No full textSince modern times, the values of human rights have been constantly changing and developing, and the emergence of globalization has brought about qualitative changes in human rights. Because of the faster travel time, human rights symbols rapidly flow and the human rights politics change correspondingly. In response to this trend, the United Nations has adopted the "Principles relating to the status and functioning of national intitutions for protection and promotion of human rights" (commonly known as the "Paris Principles" ) in 1993 to encourage, advocate and assist countries to set up National Human Rights Institutions, and the "Paris Principles" reveal the organizational elements, mandates and important functions of National Human Rights Institutions.
The "Paris Principles" require all countries to establish national human rights institutions at the national level. In order to comply with the advent of human rights globalization and the requirements of the "Paris Principles", countries have also established their own national human rights institutions one after another. Under such a trend, our country is inevitably part of this trend of human rights globalization.
In accordance with the Constitution of Five Powers, our country's Control Yuan independently exercises its functions and powers to supervise governments and public servants at all levels. In essence, it already has the mission of protecting human rights. About 50% of the investigation cases actually completed over the years are related to various human rights issues. In order to strengthen the function of the supervisory power in protecting human rights, the Control Yuan established the "Control Yuan National Human Rights Commission" in March 2000, in accordance with the law to strive to promote the improvement of human rights.
In order to set up a National Human Rights Institution that meets the requirements of the "Paris Principles", the Legislative Yuan passed the "Organic Act of the Control Yuan National Human Rights Commission" on Human Rights Day on December 10, 2019, and amended the Article 3-1, Paragraph 1, Item 7 of the "Organic Act of the Control Yuan" on the qualifications of Members of the Control Yuan with a professional background in human rights, and was promulgated by the President on January 8, 2020.
Pursuant to the authorization of the "Organic Act of the Control Yuan National Human Rights Commission", the Control Yuan had decreed that the "Organic Act of the Control Yuan National Human Rights Commission" will be implemented on May 1, 2020, and the "National Human Rights Commission" will be officially inaugurated on August 1, 2020, the day of the 6th Members of the Control Yuan take office. It has brought our country to a new milestone in the promotion and protection of human rights, and expected to implement the ideal of human rights nationhood in accordance with the standards of international human rights law.
This study explores the requirements of the "Paris Principles"; whether the Control Yuan National Human Rights Commission was established under the trend of human rights globalization, that is, the "Organic Act of the Control Yuan National Human Rights Commission" and amendments of the "Organic Law of the Control Yuan" meet the requirements of the "Paris Principles"; what are the constitutional issues may occur after the establishment of the Control Yuan National Human Rights Commission
Cultural Equality and Children's Education Space in Museum \ue2 A Case Study on Kaohsiung Children's Museum of Art
No full textCultural equality is the realization of "providing everyone with an equal and non-discriminatory basis to participate in cultural activities". Its implementation focuses on culturally disadvantaged groups, such as children, the elderly, the physically and mentally challenged, and aboriginal people. With the awareness of cultural equality in various countries, museums have begun to pay attention to hardware and software accessibility; and care for cultural participation rights through exhibitions and educational activities. This study explores the relationship between the Kaohsiung Children's Museum of Art and cultural equality, as well as the way the Museum understands and responds to the demand for cultural equality.
This study adopts the research method of case study, which takes the Kaohsiung Children's Museum of Art as the case. It uses document analysis, non-participant observation, and semi-structured interviews as the method of data collection. The research questions include: (1) What is the significance of choosing to establish the Museum? (2) What is the impact of the Museum as a form of independent architecture on children's cultural participation? (3) How does the Museum create a "family-friendly space," and what are the challenges it faces in practicing cultural equality?
The results of the study found that: (1) The children's education space in art museums emphasizes the right to cultural participation; (2) The Kaohsiung Children's Museum of Art as the form of independent architecture also protects children's right to cultural participation; (3) The Kaohsiung Children's Museum of Art has planned family-friendly measures in its exhibitions and educational activities, public service facilities, visitor service measures, and volunteer training, considering not only the needs of children but also the needs of accompanying persons; However, some family-friendly measures need to be adjusted. Moreover, the challenges of practicing cultural equality faced by the Kaohsiung Children's Museum of Art include building space, the positioning of the museum, and the limitation of the existing resources.
Finally, based on the results of the research, this study proposes recommendations for children's cultural equality in the Kaohsiung Children's Museum of Art, as well as future research
An Active Gate Driver for Power MOSFET and 2-Level Miller Detection-Based Active Gate Driver Design for SiC MOSFET
No full textIn recent years, the third-generation semiconductors are widely used in power electronics products to enhance energy efficiency. Active Gate Drivers (AGD) have gained significant attention due to the flexibility to control the switching behavior of power transistors. However, conventional AGDs often required a substantial number of driving switches, resistors, or additional voltage/current sources, which significantly demand high cost, size, and complexity of gate drivers.
The first part of this thesis proposes an Active Gate Driver for power devices. Designed around high-voltage components, this architecture employs a window detector to detect the Miller plateau. It is integrated with a feedback split-path circuit to reduce additional power consumption. The circuit includes a 2-level Miller plateau detector, a feedback control circuit, logic circuits, and a two-stage tri-state inverting buffer circuit. Fabricated using the TSMC 0.18 um HV CMOS process, the design is subsequently tested and confirmed to operate efficiently. The results demonstrate that the circuit can accurately perform Miller plateau detection within a user-defined window and effectively drive power transistors.
The second part introduces an AGD based on 2-level Miller plateau detection. Compared to the first part, this circuit incorporates additional features for detecting power device parameters more precisely and ensuring equalization of power devices usage on the chip. This mitigates aging-related mismatches to enhance the overall reliability of the circuit
The Study on the Relationships among Employee Entitlement and Organizational Political Behavior : The Moderation Effects of Relative Deprivation, Leader-Member Exchange, and Emotional Intelligence
No full textAccording to social exchange theory, resource interactions are established on the basis of mutual provision of benefits and reciprocation of feedback between both parties. However, the value of resources in the exchange relationship is deeply affected by the subjective consciousness of both parties. The rising sense of entitlement among new-generation employees results in an imbalance in this relationship, leading to a state of low reciprocity. Employees, in order to obtain corresponding feedback or balance their dissatisfaction, may resort to extra-systemic means, giving rise to organizational political behavior. In the past, organizational political behavior resulting from employees' heightened sense of entitlement has often been associated with a negative image. However, this study defined organizational political behavior from a neutral standpoint. The exploration considered political activities within the organization as a means to facilitate work and focused on interpersonal interactions.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among employee entitlement and organizational political behavior, and to examine the moderation effects of relative deprivation, leader-member exchange, and emotional intelligence on this process. This study adopted a two-wave questionnaire survey to collect data on full-time worker. We obtained final 312 valid questionnaires. In this study, IBM SPSS25 and Mplus7 were used as data analysis tools to test research hypotheses. Results showed that (1) the relationship between employee entitlement and organizational political behavior was positive. (2) relative deprivation positively moderated the positive relationship between employee entitlement and organizational political behavior. (3) the moderating effect of leader-member exchange on the relationship between employee entitlement and organizational political behavior was not supported. (4) emotional intelligence positively moderated the positive relationship between employee entitlement and organizational political behavior. At the end, this study provided some suggestions for practical implications and further research directions based on the analysis results