34254 research outputs found
Sort by
DC and RF Characterizations of Graphene-Based Superconducting Quantum Circuits
No full textIn recent years, superconducting qubits have emerged as a focal point in the development of quantum computing. This article begins by exploring the theoretical foundations of superconducting qubits and introduces Josephson junctions (JJs) utilizing graphene as a key material. A specific focus is placed on the configuration of two JJs forming a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The fabrication process of the samples and the outcomes of the component production are detailed. DC measurements are conducted at low temperatures to observe the characteristics of the samples. Finally, the samples are placed within a 3D cavity to investigate the coupling phenomena between the two-level system of the sample and the cavity
Online Travel Market Price Complexity and Attractiveness Alternatives Appeal from an Overload Confusion and Transaction Cost Viewpoint
No full textIn the intricate realm of online hotel booking, consumers are often overwhelmed by an array of choices and intricate pricing schemes. This study seeks to unravel the optimal selection process in such a saturated market. Drawing upon prior research, it identifies price complexity and Attractiveness of alternatives as primary drivers of overload confusion. Integrating transaction cost theory, this research delves into the impact of these factors on consumer overload confusion. Additionally, it scrutinizes the influence of overload confusion on both transaction costs and consumers' purchase intention, considering the role of individual decision-making tendencies as a key moderating factor.
Employing an online experimental methodology, this research targeted individuals who have engaged with Online Travel Agencies (OTAs) within the last three years. Data collection was conducted through surveys distributed across Facebook groups and Line communities. The study utilized a 2 (Price Complexity: High vs. Low) \uc3 2 (Alternative Attractiveness: High vs. Low) factorial design to assess the interplay of these variables. The central objective was to dissect the causal relationships among them.
The findings of this study that price complexity has a positive effect on consumers' perceived overload confusion and transaction costs. Additionally, transaction costs negatively affect purchase intentions. Although decision inclination does not significantly moderate the effects of price complexity and alternative attractiveness on overload confusion and transaction costs, it was found that satisficers perceive lower overload confusion and higher transaction costs compared to maximizers
Assessing growth rate and carbon fixation of Gracilaria spp. in different environments
No full textMacroalgae are regarded as one of the important biological carbon sinks, converting inorganic carbon to organic carbon and sequestering carbon into deep oceans or marine sediments in the form of Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) and Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC). Gracilaria tenuistipitata and Gracilaria coronopifolia are two typical large-scale cultured species in Taiwan. The former grows in brackish water, and the latter is distributed in the southern coastal areas. In this thesis, G. tenuistipitata and G. coronopifolia were cultured at different salinities for 14 days. The results showed that G. tenuistipitata had the highest growth rate (2.43 \uc2\ub1 0.12 % d-1) at salinity 10-15, and the carbon fixation rate was 961.7 \uc2\ub1 40.5 mg-C m-2 d-1, of which the DOC fixation rate was 121.4 \uc2\ub1 4.0 mg-C m-2 d-1. G. coronopifolia had the highest growth rate (2.78 \uc2\ub1 0.2 % d-1) at salinity 32, and the carbon fixation rate was 1218.5 \uc2\ub1 39.3 mg-C m-2 d-1, of which the DOC fixation rate was 220.0 \uc2\ub1 35.1 mg-C m-2 d-1. Summarizing the experimental results, the growth rate of macroalgae is proportional to the carbon fixation rate, and the main product is POC. The produced DOC of G. tenuistipitata and G. coronopifolia account for 13% and 18% of the total carbon fixation rate, respectively. The growth rate of macroalgae is not necessarily positively correlated with the DOC production rate, but the produced DOC cannot be ignored. The refractory DOC (RDOC) produced by Gracilaria spp. is not covered in this thesis, but the residence time of RDOC in the ocean is estimated to be thousands of years and it will be an important issue that needs to be studied on seaweed research in the future
\ue2White, Abundant and Aesthetic\ue2in Advertising. The Effect of White Space on Advertising Effectiveness : The Moderating Effect of Product Types and Copy Styles
No full textAdvertising has long been a vital means for businesses to enhance visibility and convey value to consumers. With the rise of digital marketing, display ads combining text and images have become a primary format, highlighting the significance of visual design in advertising. Whitespace within ads, an essential element, has been insufficiently understood in the past, lacking comprehensive guidance for design and exploring its impact on consumer psychology. Thus, this study investigates how whitespace size in ads, grounded in their interplay, influences consumers' perceived risk and value, considering factors like product and copy types.
Experiment 1a is a one-factor (whitespace: large vs. small) between-group design, recruited 61 samples. Experiment 1b is a one-factor (whitespace: large vs. small vs. disassemble) between-group design, recruited 110 samples. Experiment 2 is a two-factor between-group design of 2 (whitespace: large vs. small) X 3 (product type: search goods vs. experience goods vs. credence goods) , recruited 389 samples. Experiment 3 is a three-factor between-group design of 2 ( whitespace: large vs. small) X 3 (product type: search goods vs. experience goods vs. credence goods) X 2 (copy style: concrete vs. vague), recruited 740 samples. These experiments aim to comprehend optimal combinations of whitespace, product type, and copy style, exploring their distinct impacts on consumers' perceived risk and perceived value. Additionally, the study aims to validate how whitespace mediates advertising outcomes.
Findings reveal that compared to ads with large whitespace, those with small whitespace elicit more favorable consumer perceptions. However, considering the interaction of product and copy types, ads with large whitespace reduce perceived risk and, when combined with experience goods, elevate perceived value. The study also confirms that product type interacts with whitespace effects, indicating that ads for search and credence goods paired with small whitespace designs enhance perceived value. Lastly, while the study did not uncover an interaction effect of copy style on whitespace, it did confirm that perceived risk and perceived value serve as mediating mechanisms through which whitespace influences advertising effect
The Study on relationship among High-Performance Work Systems , Psychological Capital, and task performance: Perceived Supervisor Support as a Moderator
No full textThis study aims to investigate the impact of high-performance work systems (HPWS) on psychological capital and task performance in Taiwan\ue2s enterprises. Additionally, it explores the mediating role of psychological capital between HPWS and task performance. The study also analyzes the moderating effect of perceived supervisor support between HPWS and psychological capital.
To avoid common method variance, the research used a two-stage questionnaire survey, utilizing a paper-based survey. The participants were employee in various industries. The interval between the two questionnaire surveys was two to three weeks, there were 330 valid participants in this study. The findings are as follows:
1. HPWS have a significant positive impact on psychological
capital.
2.Psychological capital has a significant positive impact on task performance.
3 Psychological capital mediates the relationship between high-performance work
systems and task performance.
4.Perceived supervisor support moderates the relationship between HPWS and psychological capital. When the level of HPWS is high, it
strengthens the link between psychological capital and task performance. Conversely,
when the level of HPWS is low, it weakens the connection between psychological
capital and task performance.
In conclusion, based on the study findings, specific conclusions and recommendations are presented, providing insights for the human resources department, management, and future research.
Keywords: High-Performance Work Systems, Psychological Capital, Task Performance, Perceived Supervisor Suppor
An Investigation on the Relationship between Students\ue2 EMI Learning Experiences and Cultural Intelligence\ue2Using Social Cognitive Theory as a Framework
No full textSocial Cognitive Theory (SCT) explains how people\ue2s cognition and behaviors are retrieved from social learning and self-beliefs which will influence people\ue2s action. The theory applies Triadic Reciprocal Determination (TRD) framework, involving Individual, Environment, and Behavior, to conceptualize a bidirectional relationship between the three components. As English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) emerges in tertiary education in Taiwan, student\ue2s exposure to English content and peers from different countries and culture could increase. Cultural Intelligence (CQ), which includes the knowledge and metacognition towards a culture, is also feasible to grow in this case. That is owing to previous studies suggest educational policies around foreign language could stimulate learners\ue2 cultural awareness. This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between the three components in EMI learning experiences and CQ, and whether the three components qualify to contribute to growing CQ. TRD framework was applied as lens in EMI learning experience, as previous studies tended to cover one factor at a time. This sequential explanatory designed study took National Sun-Yat Sen University in Taiwan as example. Two timepoints (beginning and end of semester) with same sample of students were approached to assess learning experience and CQ. Later, interviews were conducted to explore what causes the three components to weigh differently in changing CQ. Findings in Time 1 include (1) the relationships among the three components were bidirectional, which supports the concept of TRD framework, and the three components were correlated with CQ, (2) those who had EMI experience before did not report a significant different level of CQ from those who did not have EMI courses before, (3) linear regression showed a significant contribution from learning experience to CQ\ue2precisely, Environment and Behavior were the significant factors. Findings in Time 2 include (1) over one semester, those who had EMI courses did not show a significant different level of CQ from those who did not have EMI courses, (2) the amount of EMI courses taken was not significantly crucial in terms of predicting CQ difference, (3) the change in EMI learning experiences within one semester significantly predicted a positive CQ difference while the change in overall learning experiences did not. Precisely, Individual and Behavior were the significant factors. The interviews later discovered that (1) personality is the prior factor in gaining CQ, (2) the path of growing CQ begins with the way students perceive their learning experience as well as learning environment; they further conduct learning behavior which will be later perceive in various ways that influence their belief and surrounding environment. While this study entails EMI education exists a possibility to grow student\ue2s CQ, students\ue2 perception and paying hard work in learning in EMI could be even more important. Continuum of conversation on how to learn and how to customize EMI for students are positively in need\ue2for fulfilling the vision of core attitude and skills of global competence
Exploring the Factors Influencing Public Support for Carbon Tax
No full textWith the intensification of global warming, many countries have announced their goals to \ue2achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050\ue2. In the context of this global trend, Taiwan also introduced the \ue2Taiwan\ue2s Pathway to Net-Zero Emissions in 2050\ue2 in 2022. This plan outlines that Taiwan will initially implement a carbon fee policy, although the specific carbon fee rates are yet to be announced. The possibility of adopting a carbon tax in place of the carbon fee is also mentioned. According to surveys conducted by Business Weekly and Greenpeace, up to 70% of businesses express concerns about the guidance and related resources provided by the current government, highlighting a gap in perception between carbon management policies and businesses. On the policy front, "taxing to reduce carbon emissions" is a primary tool utilised by governments worldwide for carbon management. The perspectives and cooperation levels of businesses and the public toward carbon taxes/fees will crucially impact the effectiveness of this policy. Faced with international pressure and responding to domestic industrial demands, the government's formulation of carbon management policies still requires more long-term and detailed planning.
This thesis analyzes data from the \ue22019 Taiwan Social Change Survey-Round 7, Year 5: Technology and Risk Society\ue2. Based on the \ue2Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)\ue2 and \ue2Theory of Value, Beliefs, and Norms (VBN)\ue2 framework, this thesis aims to examine the viewpoints and influencing factors of Taiwanese citizens (2019 questionnaire respondents, business owners, civil servants, and employees) regarding corporate taxation for carbon reduction. The goal is to provide evidence and reference for government policy planning, corporate environmental sustainability strategies, and related academic research
Investigation of Doping Method and Dopants for N-type Alpha-Gallium Oxide
No full textIn this thesis, \uce\ub1-phase single-crystal gallium oxide (\uce\ub1-Ga2O3) film is epitaxy by mist chemical vapor deposition (Mist-CVD) and applied in the fabrication of Schottky diodes with a metal-semiconductor-metal structure, which combines ohmic contact and Schottky contact. Tin (Sn) doping is introduced to gallium oxide using different dopants, SnCl2 and SnCl4, utilizing three distinct doping methods: in-situ doped, buried-doped, and multiple layers buried-doped. The study investigates the impact of tin-doped \uce\ub1- Ga2O3 on the electrical characteristics of Schottky diodes.
Various identification techniques, such as (1) X-ray diffraction(XRD), (2) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), (3) thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), and (4) Hall measurements are conducted to determine the epitaxial growth temperature on the R-plane sapphire substrate and assess the elemental composition, thermal properties, and doping concentration effects on the device. XRD confirms the crystalline state at different epitaxial growth temperatures, XPS analyzes the tin-to-oxygen ratio and valence electron of elemental states, TGA reflects the mass changes of dopants at different temperatures, and Hall measurements confirm the carrier type and majority carrier concentration in gallium oxide.
In terms of electrical properties for ohmic contact, in-situ doping is prone to ion impurity scattering, resulting in decreased conductivity as doping concentration increases. On the other hand, buried doped effectively enhances carrier concentration, leading to a decrease in characteristic contact resistance with increasing doping concentration. The contact resistance for SnCl2 doping is 3.27\uc310-4 \uce\ua9cm2, reduced by a factor of 105 compared to in-situ doped. While with SnCl4 doping, the contact resistance is 2.44\uc310-5 \uce\ua9cm2, reduced by a factor of 107 compared to in-situ doped.
For electrical characteristics of Schottky diode, multiple layers buried-doped are used. The more buried times induce the higher carrier concentration that enhances conductivity, leading to the higher the on-state current and the smaller specific on-resistance. The device with SnCl4 doping applied three times exhibits the optimal characteristics with a specific on-resistance of 0.037 \uce\ua9*cm2, nearly 20 times smaller than SnCl4 doped with single time. However, influenced by the Fermi-level pinning effect, the Schottky barrier slightly decreases with an increasing times of dopant be buried, making it challenging to suppress the off-state current and resulting in a smaller on/off current rectification ratio. Consequently, the optimal on-off current rectification ratio is observed in Schottky diode with SnCl2 buried-doped once, reaching a maximum rectification ratio of 5.92\uc3104, an improvement of 103 times compared to the device that buried three times.
The results of this study demonstrate that \uce\ub1-Ga2O3 Schottky diodes doped with SnCl2 exhibit a larger on-off current rectification ratio and breakdown voltage. On the other hand, \uce\ub1-Ga2O3 Schottky diodes doped with SnCl4 demonstrate smaller specific contact resistance and Schottky barrier height, along with better specific on-resistance and thermal stability, making them suitable for high-frequency and low-power devices
Predicting the reaction energy of covalent organic frameworks synthesis reaction and hydrogen production reaction with the machine learning method
No full textThis study employed machine learning methods. We utilized density functional theory calculation to generate database for small systems. The databases was used to train machine learning models, which predicted the energy and structure of larger systems. Ultimately, the reaction energies could be calculated, based on the predicted energies of reactants and products. We used this approach to investigate the synthesis reactions of covalent organic frameworks (COF) and hydrogen production reactions. For the synthesis reactions of COF structural units, We developed a method adopting randomly perturbed structures as training data, wherein small random perturbations were introduced to the equilibrium atomic positions, and the energy and forces of these perturbed structures were calculated using density functional theory. This method allows us to controll the amount of data and improve sampling of potential energy surfaces, resulting in better predictive performance of machine learning models trained on this data. The most accurate model achieves an average error of less than 15 meV/atom when predicting the energy of density functional theory calculations. We exploited randomly perturbed structures of 1\uc31 and 2\uc32 small-sized surface cells (including pure surface, 0.25 ML and 1 ML hydrogen-absorbed surfaces) as training data to predict hydrogen catalysis reaction on the pure metal surface, and the obtained machine learning model can accurately predict the energy and structure of larger 3\uc33 and 4\uc34 surface cells by the trained models are accurately matched the results from DFT calculation. The predicted hydrogen adsorption energies for the large-sized surface cells closely align with the result of density functional theory calculations, with errors consistently below 100 meV. This research demonstrates the ability to accurately predict the energy and structure of larger systems using computational data from small systems and apply these predictions to calculate reaction energies
The impact of the Russo-Ukraine on the operational strategies of Taiwanese container shipping companies
No full text\ue3\ue3The Russo-Ukraine war has led to a continuous deterioration of the global supply chain, inflation, and food security issues. It has also caused disruptions in maritime shipping schedules, port congestion, and surging oil prices. This paper examines the impact of the Russo-Ukraine war on the operational strategies of Taiwanese container shipping companies. Evaluate the operating strategy by analysis Taiwanese container shipping companies. Furthermore, the effects on the container shipping industry are evaluated through changes in shipping operations and stock prices.
In terms of vessels, Evergreen Marine Corporation holds advantages in vessel count, capacity, order placement, and Wan Hai Lines excels in cost control. Regarding routes, both Evergreen and Yang Ming have a diverse global network, while Wan Hai specializes in the Asian region. In terms of financial performance, Yang Ming has shown the most improvement, while Wan Hai has demonstrated steady performance.
\ue3\ue3After the outbreak of the war, both Evergreen and Yang Ming significantly reduced their routes to Russia and Ukraine, with substantial adjustments in European routes occurring three months into the war.
\ue3\ue3Looking at average abnormal returns (AR), the war has had both positive and negative impacts on Taiwanese stock prices, indicating market uncertainty. Form the point of cumulative abnormal return (CAR) show that during the initial phase of the war, optimism resulted in positive returns, while the later stages saw accumulated returns ranging from -10% to 0% due to the uncertainties surrounding oil sanctions. The lifting of the Black Sea blockade and the missile attacks on Ukrainian ports resulted in significantly negative accumulated returns