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Multi-hop Task Offloading Method Based on Dynamic Priority Under Heterogeneous Networks
No full textIn recent years, the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to a rapid increase in the number of end devices in the network, resulting in a significant surge in demands for computational power to handle numerous tasks. Due to the distance between the cloud and end devices, the response time for tasks is prolonged. To meet the real-time requirements of tasks, edge servers are deployed to provide edge computing capabilities between the cloud and end devices, reducing the transmission time for tasks. However, unlike the architecture of cloud computing, the edge computing framework involves multiple edge servers at the same level collaboratively processing the offloaded tasks from end devices.
In an ideal environment, end devices would be evenly distributed, and each edge server's responsibility for tasks would not differ significantly. However, in reality, the distributions of end devices are uneven, and in areas with densely populated end devices, a larger number of tasks are generated, requiring the corresponding edge-server nodes to handle more tasks.
This paper addresses the issue of load imbalance in the environment by dividing the problem into two components: load balancing optimization between edge servers and task scheduling optimization within edge servers. The paper utilizes the Dijkstra algorithm to find the path with the lowest average load for high-load edge servers, optimizing external load balance along this path. In addition, internal scheduling optimization proposes a dynamic priority considering multiple parameters for existing tasks on edge servers. This dynamic prioritization mechanism selects the task with the highest priority under the current timing, aiming to maximize the reward value for tasks completed within a fixed timeframe. Simulation results demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper effectively enhances task completion rates and their associated reward
STEM/STEAM Review, Reflection and Development of Education: From the Confucian Perspective of Adult Education
No full textThis study aims to comprehensively review the nature, purpose and development process of STEM/STEAM education, and to conduct an in-depth review of the problems faced by STEM/STEAM education in practice from the philosophical perspectives of ontology, axiology and epistemology. Thought and criticism. The core goal of the research is to sort out a feasible STEAM education model based on the connotation of Confucian adult education. After in-depth reflection and criticism, this study summarized the following five important findings:
First, the title of STEM; second, the emphasis on integration in STEM/STEAM education may underestimate the essential importance; third, hidden crises cannot be ignored and may be difficult to fully control; fourth, the emphasis on STEM The demand for /STEAM educational philosophy is growing day by day; fifth, the emphasis and practice on spiritual integration education still needs to be strengthened. Furthermore, this study will explore the importance of personality integration in STEAM education from the perspective of Confucian adult education, and the inspiration of the Six Arts to STEM/STEAM education. At the same time, the research will comprehensively consider the spiritual cultivation of Confucian education and its inspiring role in improving STEM/STEAM teachers and talent training.
Ultimately, this study will present a complete perspective that emphasizes STEM/STEAM education, core values, and meaning. Based on the Confucian concept of adult education, a feasible STEM/STEAM education model is proposed to guide learners to achieve personal inner and outer integration, and to cultivate outstanding STEM/STEAM teachers and talents through spiritual cultivation
Spending money on everyday humor that gets you? Exploring the advertising effectiveness of socially-oriented humor in Taiwan's online graphic characters with sponsored content
No full textThe rise of social media has opened up a business opportunity for graphic creation in Taiwan's cultural and creative industries and has led to the development of Taiwan's character merchandising. Taiwanese illustrators have started online graphic business through virtual characters created by their pens, with themes derived from their observations of Taiwan's social landscape and daily life, and with their humorous tone and the spreading effect of online communication, they have gained a significant
influence in the community so far. In addition, the promising prospects of the character economy abroad have led the domestic government and enterprises to invest resources in supporting the development of character branding and expanding business models, such as sponsorship, co-branding, or intellectual property.
This study focuses on the field of social media marketing and explores the advertising effectiveness of the sponsorship between graphic characters and commercial brands, based on the use of socially-oriented humor (humorous vs. nonhumorous) as an advertising appeal by the characters, and the types of products
(utilitarian vs. hedonic) that are co-promoted. Four groups of advertising strategies were formed. In addition, individual differences in consumers' need for humor were added as a moderating variable, and the influence of the variables was clarified by experimentally simulating the sponsored content in practice.
This research used an experimental method, consisting of two pre-tests, one pilot test, and one formal experiment. The samples of this study were office workers who had the experience of tracking and browsing online graphic characters, were aged 20 or above, and had the ability to spend money. A total of 245 samples were collected and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The use of social humor in sponsored content is associated with higher advertising attitudes, purchase intention and social media engagement than no use at all. (2) When paired with hedonic products, social humor can significantly promote higher social media engagement than non-humorous contexts. (3) When paired with utilitarian products, social contextual humor can significantly generate better purchase intention than non-humorous contexts. (4) When the need for humor is high, social humor with hedonic products generates higher social media engagement behaviors compared to functional products. (5) When the need for humor is low, social humor context with functional products generates higher purchase intention compared to hedonic products
Understanding wine consumption in Taiwan: product involvement, attributes, word of mouth and price effects
No full textTaiwanese culture gives wine, especially red wine, a unique meaning that is seen during weddings and other important occasions when it represents grace and good fortune. However, consumers face difficulties in comprehending wine selection, label reading, and varietal recognition due to inadequate exposure to comprehensive wine knowledge in education or daily life. By filling in these gaps, the study seeks to identify the variables affecting Taiwanese consumers' choices about wine consumption. Understanding how wine is chosen by customers and the variables influencing purchase intentions at different level of customer involvement levels are the main study questions.
The study explores that price, word-of-mouth, and product attributes are important factors that influence purchasing decisions and have a beneficial impact on buy intention. When choosing wine, consumers place a premium on origin, vintage, grape varietals, and overall product appeal; therefore, marketers must successfully convey these unique attributes. Consumer decisions are heavily influenced by social impact and favorable recommendations, highlighting the need to maintain a great brand image, and utilizing happy consumers to grow customer bases and promote brand loyalty. In addition, the research highlights the crucial role pricing plays in consumers' behavior, emphasizing the importance of businesses balancing perceived value and affordability to effectively target a variety of markets. The study is further enhanced by the moderation of product involvement, which indicates the need for customized marketing strategies depending on different customer engagement levels
Resource Allocations for B5G Services Using NOMA Technique Under Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks
No full textWith the emergence of aerial and space access networks, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) enabled unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and low earth orbit (LEO) satellites are potential solutions for beyond fifth-generation (B5G) networks. Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) are the two core services of the emerging B5G systems. URLLC services require lower latency and high reliability, whereas eMBB services expect maximum data rates. Hence, 5G new radio (NR) aims to support heterogeneous services, the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) supports a highly flexible frame structure by introducing mixed numerology and mini-slot approaches to support diverse applications. This dissertation is primarily divided into three modules concerning system frameworks and services. In the first module, we study the joint resource allocation problem of eMBB and URLLC schedulers to maximize the minimum expected achieved rate (MEAR) of eMBB users while satisfying URLLC users\ue2 quality of service (QoS) constraints under downlink single terrestrial base station architecture. In the second module, for enhanced coverage and connectivity, a novel framework with cellular offloading under the aid of multiple UAVs is proposed. We explored the resource allocation for the remote Internet of Things (IoTs) uplink data collection scenario under the UAV-LEO aided framework in the third module. Finally, we evaluate the significance of the proposed methodologies under the given system frameworks in comparison to other baseline approaches through numerical simulations, considering user performance indicators
Research on acoustic localization based on cepstrum calculation
No full textIn recent years, due to the heightened awareness of self-defense, Taiwan, being an island nation surrounded by the sea on all sides, strategically positions itself in the first island chain of the Western Pacific. To leverage this advantage and enhance maritime combat capabilities, the country has actively implemented the National Defense Shipbuilding Plan, focusing on indigenous construction of naval vessels. Given the need for both building submarines and possessing the capability to gather intelligence, especially in underwater operations where high stealth submarines play a crucial role, their missions include attacking enemy ships or submarines, reconnaissance, and holding significant strategic value in maritime warfare.
Therefore, underwater surveillance capabilities become a critical factor affecting the success or failure of operations. The ability to acquire information about enemy vessels allows for effective countermeasures. Two common surveillance methods are deploying active sonar on surface vessels for detection and utilizing passive sonar systems, which offer long-duration, high-concealment effective surveillance.
This research utilizes sound waves in different underwater environments where signal propagation is affected by multipath effects, causing time delays when the signal reaches the receiver. By understanding the acoustic multipath effects in different spatial locations, the research employs data fitting methods to determine the source's position. For continuous harmonic frequency waves generated by ships' radiated noise, the research utilizes Cepstrum algorithms to obtain time delays and conduct positioning analysis.
Based on the results of the maritime target positioning experiments in this study, it was found that utilizing two acoustic recorders can achieve horizontal positioning errors within 200 meters for sources and receivers within a distance of two kilometers. Moreover, 60% of the errors fall within 100 meters, while vertical distance errors remain within 2 meters. In the analysis of ship signals, within a two-kilometer range from the ship to the receiver, horizontal positioning errors are within 200 meters, with 45% falling within 30 meters. Vertical distance errors in ship signal positioning analysis consistently fall within 1.5 meters. Therefore, the Cepstrum can effectively analyze ship signals, obtain their channel impulse response parameters, and be applied to the positioning technology used in this study, enabling an effective estimation of the target's position
Study on physical mechanisms and reliability of advanced low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors and photodiodes
No full textIn recent years, with the continuous innovation of smartphones and advancements in display technology, the development of displays has also progressed. Resolution has evolved from the initial Full HD to the pursuit of 4K, and refresh rates have continuously increased. Therefore, Thin-Film Transistors (TFTs) have become particularly crucial. Low-Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon (LTPS) stands out among other materials due to its higher carrier mobility, making it well-suited for driving organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays or serving as switches for pixels. However, reliability issues still persist in TFTs manufactured using low-temperature polycrystalline silicon, requiring resolution.
This paper primarily focuses on the reliability study of dual-gate thin-film transistors with low-temperature polycrystalline silicon as the channel active layer in the third and fourth chapters. Abnormal phenomena in transistor behavior under high voltage bias, especially anomalies observed in switch characteristics after prolonged stress testing, such as subthreshold swing (S.S.) degradation and off-state leakage current (IOFF) degradation, are discussed. These phenomena are explained through band diagram analysis and Silvaco TCAD electric field simulations, proposing a new structure to enhance transistor reliability. The third chapter introduces the method of lightly doped drain (LDD) extension to disperse lateral electric fields and reduce transistor degradation under harsh conditions, while the fourth chapter proposes a space-saving structure, highly-doped regions (HDR) between extended dual gates, effectively improving transistor reliability under high voltage operation.
On the other hand, in the application of mobile displays, besides pursuing high resolution and refresh rates, foldable screens enhance portability. Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) made from organic materials are suitable for this application. Organic TFTs can be fabricated at low temperatures, deposited on flexible PI substrates, and possess flexibility. However, organic materials have poorer heat dissipation capabilities, making stability in transistor operation crucial under high temperatures.
The fifth chapter explores the characteristics of OTFTs. An abnormal leakage during heating is observed in the ring-shaped OTFT structure, and the physical mechanism is understood through electrical measurements and analysis. A novel structure is proposed to effectively reduce abnormal leakage under high temperatures.
As dependence on smartphones increases, with many important personal information stored within them, protecting personal data becomes a critical issue. Biometric technology is often used as a secure lock on smartphones due to its quick, accurate, and less exploitable nature by others. Taking optical fingerprint recognition as an example, photodetector components capture reflected images of the fingerprint surface and convert them into digital signals. To achieve more precise recognition, component sizes must continuously decrease, and their performance must improve to achieve faster and clearer recognition capabilities.
The sixth chapter introduces the Supercritical Fluid Low-Temperature Defect Passivation (SCF-LTDP) technology, used to enhance the overall performance of photodetector components. This technique, unlike traditional annealing methods, utilizes a fluid state at low temperatures and high pressure to effectively passivate defects in the components, thereby improving the overall characteristics of the components
Discussion on Experiences and Balancing Strategies of Mid-Level Managers\ue2 Family Conflicts in the Public Sector: Take the Kaohsiung City Government for Example
No full textIn recent years, societal structures have undergone changes, and the prevalence of dual-income families has become common. For many public servants, the dual demands arising from their roles in both work and family often lead to work-family conflicts. The researcher observes that previous studies on work-family conflicts in the public sector have mainly focused on those with specialized job functions or shift-based schedules. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that employees in general administrative agencies face multiple pressures, particularly mid-level managers who, compared to top-level executives and frontline staff, play a pivotal role and often find themselves in a challenging position.
This study aims to understand the experiences and impacts of the interaction between work and family among mid-level managers in general administrative agencies. Additionally, it explores whether these experiences influence their career planning and delves into strategies for coping with work-family stress and their demands on organizational systems. Employing a qualitative research approach with in-depth interviews as the primary method, the study focuses on public servants affiliated with the Kaohsiung City Government. The choice is based on both accessibility and the significant turnover of political leaders in recent years, leading to increased pressure on managerial-level public servants. Establishing a workplace culture that caters to their needs is deemed crucial. The interviewees are specifically selected as married mid-level managers with children. Given the diversity of agencies, one representative agency with a balanced gender ratio is selected from departments with varying proportions, with a general guideline of interviewing two individuals from each agency.
The research findings highlight that the primary factor contributing to work-family conflict among mid-level managers is work pressure. Due to the nature of managerial responsibilities, which lack strict working hours, managers often find themselves dealing with work tasks even after regular working hours, preventing them from spending quality time with their families. Family-related factors contributing to work-family conflict, such as having young children or caring for elderly family members, also impact the focus and performance of managers at work. The impact of work-family conflict on career planning depends on an individual's ability to resolve conflict situations and the availability of sufficient resources. As managers progress in their careers, continuous learning in balancing work and family relationships, coupled with resources from various aspects, enables them to maintain a balance and reduces the impact of work-family conflict on future career advancement. Therefore, the experience of work-family conflict is often most profound when managers serve in frontline supervisory roles.
The research identifies diverse coping strategies employed by male and female mid-level managers to address conflict situations. Strategies include flexible allocation of work and family time, enhancing personal work efficiency to complete tasks, leveraging family support systems to share household responsibilities, advocating for understanding and support from the organization, and considering changing workplace environments or resigning to alleviate work-family conflict.
For government agencies, mid-level managers experiencing work-family conflict can impact their emotional well-being, job performance, and subsequently affect the agency's business development. Therefore, it is crucial for organizations to proactively care for and respond to the needs of mid-level managers. The study proposes the following recommendations for policy planning: (1) Emphasize fairness in internal unit work assignments. (2) Prioritize the transfer of public service experience and implement a proxy system. (3) Reassess policy needs and enhance human resources and funding for public servants. (4) Manage the use of electronic devices during non-working hours to enable employees to focus on family time. (5) Promote measures for a friendly workplace to create a healthy and positive public service environment
A Research on the Impact of Cultures on Restaurant Reviews
No full textIn modern society, dining out has become an indispensable part of people's daily lives. With the rapid changes in society and the acceleration of lifestyles, an increasing number of individuals choose to enjoy meals at restaurants, leading to a gradual rise in the proportion of dining out. This trend has made restaurant reviews a crucial means of sharing and communicating among consumers. The act of leaving reviews for restaurants not only serves as a response to individual dining experiences but also contributes to the formation of social reputations, influencing the choices of potential customers. Therefore, gaining in-depth insights into the emotions and cultural dimensions implicit in these restaurant reviews, as well as understanding consumer expectations and preferences for restaurants across different cultural backgrounds, holds significant theoretical and practical implications.
This thesis utilizes Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory and natural language processing techniques to analyze restaurant reviews from different countries obtained from the TripAdvisor website through web scraping. Four countries' reviews (China, Japan, Taiwan, and the United States) were selected based on the degree of cultural dimension differences according to Hofstede's theory. The analysis was conducted using a combination of a large language model (LLM) and the OpenAI GPT 3.5 turbo model.
After synthesizing emotional analysis and cross-cultural analysis using the Hofstede model, this study reveals that restaurant reviews from the four countries generally exhibit positive sentiments. In the cross-cultural analysis, variations are observed among the countries, particularly in cultural dimensions such as individualism, achievement, and power distance. These findings offer valuable insights for restaurant management, underscoring the significance of emotional management and cultural adaptation. Based on the research results, operational management recommendations are proposed for three selected restaurants (Addiction Aquatic Development, Din Tai Fung, and Yang Shin Vegetarian Restaurant)
The Relationship Between Delivery Personnel Psychological Ownership and Employee Loyalty \ue2The Moderating Effect of Rumors
No full textDuring the epidemic, most companies have changed their work styles. Traditional companies have begun to implement unpaid leave, and the technology industry has implemented remote work. After the epidemic ended, the technology industry began to require employees to return to their posts. Employees pointed out that working from home can still maintain efficiency, and gradually began to develop new types of work such as digital nomad workers and delivery people who rely on the Internet to work.
This study starts from the psychological ownership of senders, and explores how organizational trust affects employee loyalty, and how rumors interfere with the relationship between psychological ownership and organizational trust.
In this study, the delivery staff mainly studied the test subjects, and the questionnaires were sent through social platforms and delivery staff groups. There were 209 valid questionnaires. research shows:
1. There is a positive relationship between psychological ownership and employee loyalty
2. Psychological ownership has a significant positive impact on organizational trust
3. Organizational trust has a significant positive impact on employee loyalty
4. Psychological ownership will interfere with organizational trust due to rumors
Based on the conclusions of empirical research, this study puts forward relevant practical management implications and related suggestions