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Fast Contour Extraction for Human and Object Differentiation in Real-Time Video Streaming
No full textIn real-time video streaming, figure identification often involves outlining figure features before comparing them to a database. However, existing monitoring software\ue2s faces limitations in capturing complete figure contours and suffers from lengthy processing times evaluated from database comparisons. To address these challenges, we propose the Fast Contour Extraction (FCE) algorithm. The FCE algorithm segments a frame into several Macro Blocks (MBs). It assumes that the MB located in the bottom left corner does not contain the figure. If the total difference between a given MB and the average of the three-color components exceeds a predefined threshold, it indicates the presence of the figure outline. Similarly, if the total root-mean-square deviation of the three-color components in all pixels of the figure-included MB exceeds a predefined threshold, then the corresponding MBs are included in the outline of the figure. The given pixel is one of the figure-included pixels if the total difference of root-mean-square deviation of the three-color components between the pixel on the bottom left corner and any pixel from the figure-included MB exceeds the threshold. Then, if any of the eight pixels surrounding a figure-included pixel does not contain the figure, it is considered as part of the figure contour. Furthermore, the FCE algorithm classifies the captured pixels, including the contour, based on the MB number of contours, total pixels, motion velocity, contour length, and width. We modified the contour capture function from OpenCV on the video identification server and added a contour classification function to implement the FCE algorithm. We evaluated the time required for capturing figure contours, contour classification, and the accuracy of contour classification. These measurements were then compared to those obtained using YOLOv7. Our results demonstrate that the FCE algorithm outperforms YOLOv7 in contour capturing speed and figure classification accuracy
Predicting the accuracy of cryptocurrency volatility with ARMA-GARCH, Prophet and LSTM models
No full textIn recent years, the explosive growth of technology has prompted the global financial market to move towards full digitization. Today's technology allows people to use cryptocurrencies for investment or consumption, making them one of the most popular financial assets in modern times. As of November 2022, according to Binance, the top three currencies by trading volume are Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), and Binance Coin (BNB). However, due to the characteristics of high volatility, abnormal distribution, long tail, and extreme events in the cryptocurrency market, investors may quickly earn or lose a large amount of money in a short period of time. To avoid excessive losses, predicting volatility can provide investors with an important reference when making investment decisions.
Therefore, this study focuses on Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), and Binance Coin (BNB) as the research objects. It utilizes historical prices at 3-minute, 5-minute, and 15-minute intervals to construct daily Realized Volatility (RV). The study compares the accuracy of three models: ARMA-GARCH, Prophet, and RNN-LSTM, implemented using the sliding window algorithm. These models aim to predict the Realized Volatility (RV) for the next one, two, three, and five days. The research results demonstrate that RNN-LSTM generally exhibits better predictive ability
Comparative Study of Cash and Mobile Payments in Consumer's Lives: An Autoethnography Perspective
No full textTaiwan has made significant strides in mobile payment adoption over the past eight years. However, there is still a distinct cohort that adheres to traditional cash transactions. While extensive literature explores the advantages and consequences of embracing mobile payments, little attention has been given to the impact of eschewing this technology. Previous studies, such as the research conducted by Market Intelligence & Consulting (MIC), have often relied on internet-based surveys, which may unintentionally exclude individuals who are less likely to engage online or prefer cash transactions.
To address this issue, the study uses autoethnography to document personal experiences of forgoing mobile payments and transform these narratives into relatable stories. This methodology aims to promote mutual understanding between users of cash and mobile payment systems. It achieves this through a comprehensive analysis of consumption records, including amounts, locations, and frequencies. The aim is to clarify the far-reaching effects of relying solely on cash and to investigate the reasons behind consumption disparities. The study builds on previous research to present a robust analytical framework and introduce additional insights.
The study highlights that limiting oneself to cash transactions leads to a noticeable reduction in regular spending. When given the choice, users tend to prefer businesses that support non-cash transactions, which are often associated with higher individual expenses. Additionally, non-cash transactions are generally considered a more sensible option due to the increased risks and transaction costs associated with cash transactions.
This research aims to provide a new perspective on payment tool choices for cash users, including small businesses and individuals. It also serves as a valuable resource for government agencies and mobile payment companies. Our study sheds light on the dilemmas faced by cash users and offers insights for the strategic development of these entities
Seasonal Variations of Volatile Organic Compounds and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matter in the Industrial Zones of Kaohsiung City
No full textIn recent years, global attention has been drawn to the widespread impact of air pollution on the environment and human health. This study focuses on the southwestern region of Taiwan, specifically the Kaohsiung city coastal industrial zone and its surrounding urban areas. The characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the atmosphere were analyzed. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and feature ratios were employed to understand pollution sources, spatiotemporal patterns, and transport mechanisms. From November 2021 to July 2022, nine sampling stations were established within and around the coastal industrial zone, including commercial urban areas (ZS, PD), industrial zones (KXGP, SDMP, ZH), a fishing port (FA), and coastal zone (KHP, FL, FM).
The results indicate that the annual average PM2.5-PAHs concentration was highest at the FM station and lowest at the FA and FL stations, with concentrations of FA (1.59\uc2\ub10.74 ng/m3), ZS (4.15\uc2\ub14.14 ng/m3), KXGP (4.65\uc2\ub11.56 ng/m3), PD (2.05\uc2\ub12.0 ng/m3), SDMP (3.60\uc2\ub12.89 ng/m3), ZH (1.75\uc2\ub11.21 ng/m3), FM (11.54\uc2\ub112.56 ng/m3), FL (1.15\uc2\ub10.95 ng/m3), KHP (3.40\uc2\ub12.48 ng/m3). PM2.5-PAHs exhibited significant seasonal variations, with higher concentrations observed in autumn and winter due to lower temperatures, descending air masses, and lower mixing layers hindering pollutant dispersion. In contrast, higher temperatures in summer led to increased mixing layers and convection, facilitating pollutant dispersion.
Seasonal analysis of VOCs concentrations revealed a sequence of summer (85.1\uc2\ub155.1 ppbv) > winter (69.5\uc2\ub128.1 ppbv) > autumn (39.0\uc2\ub122.1 ppbv) > spring (33.6\uc2\ub115.6 ppbv). The higher average VOCs concentrations in summer were attributed to elevated temperatures reducing vapor pressure, leading to increased emissions of highly volatile VOCs into the atmosphere. The distribution of industrial zone concentrations during day and night was primarily influenced by seasonal monsoons and land-sea breezes. During winter, spring, and autumn days, sea breezes prevailed, causing inland urban concentrations to generally exceed those in coastal cities. Conversely, during nights, land breezes dominated, resulting in VOC concentrations concentrating in coastal zone. In summer, southwest winds prevailed throughout the day, causing VOCs to be primarily transported inland.
PCA of PAHs indicated that the entire industrial zone was influenced by emissions from petroleum combustion, steel mills, coal-fired power plants, and gasoline and diesel vehicles. The KXGP station was strongly influenced by traffic signals, while the FM station was predominantly affected by industrial combustion and coal burning, likely due to coal burning activities in steel mills and power plants. In terms of VOCs, the industrial zone was overall influenced by pollution sources including Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) tanks, natural gas tanks, gasoline vaporization, steel mills, shipyards, chemical manufacturing, and traffic. Seasonal PCA results showed different characteristic species in each season, with gasoline vaporization and shipyards having a major impact in summer, while LPG tanks and traffic sources dominated in winter, reflecting the influence of different seasons, wind directions, and potential pollution sources on VOCs distribution.
In terms of lifetime cancer risk assessment, the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) formula was used to evaluate the risk values for the coastal city (FL) and commercial city (ZS) at the industrial zone perimeter. The PM2.5-PAHs and VOCs risk values for ZS were 2.26\uc310^(-6) and 2.10\uc310^(-4) respectively, while those for FL were 7.24\uc310^(-7) and 1.69\uc310^(-4)respectively. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the recommended hazard risk values for general public exposure range from 10-6 to 10-4. The risk values for VOCs are close to the higher end of this range, indicating that residents in these areas are exposed to a potentially high risk of cancer
Design of FR2 Band Dual-polarization and Low-Profile Magneto-Electric Dipole Antenna in Package for 5G mmWave Applications
No full textIn this thesis the design of dual band and dual polarization antenna, which operating in 5G FR2 band (millimeter wave) including n257, n258, n259, n260 and n261 band, is presented. In addition, we also utilize packaging technology to design magneto-electric dipole antenna for achieving broadband in operation. In the proposed antenna in packaging (AiP) the electrical dipoles are composed of four horizontal patches and the four vertical ground vias behave as the magnetic dipole loop. The location of stacking vias is shifted to extend the current path for realizing the folded magneto dipole antenna. This folded structure can reduce the antenna height whose thickness is only 819 \uce\ubcm.
Furthermore, the cutting corner on the electric dipole and capacitive feed are adopted to improve the bandwidth. The shorting pins, which can create new modes by changing the direction of electric field distribution are also used to improve the gain performance of higher band. Two L probes are designed on the same plane to ensure port 1 and port 2 have identical performance in different polarization. Furthermore, air bridge is employed to crossover L probes to avoid unwanted electrical shorting . In the proposed AiP the lower band covers 24.15 to 31.36 GHz, and the higher band covers 36.33 to 44.13 GHz. The bandwidth performance obtains 26.7% and 19.5% respectively and its gain is larger than 5 dBi and isolation is higher than 15 dB
Research on Architecture-oriented Parts Manufacturing Execution System Model
No full textTaiwan is a major nation in processing and export industries. In the electronic component industry, passive component production relies heavily on the labor force to meet manufacturing capacities. Following the Industrial Revolution, operations that involve repetitive movements, single tasks, and large outputs have been automated to replace the labor force. According to the industrial production standards regarding people, machines, materials, methods, and environment, all links in the production process are regularized with information, standardized, and unified in procedure. In general industry, production record information is commonly designed and developed by IT specialists to completely adhere to the detailed operations during the manufacturing process of the onsite equipment, meeting the informational analysis needs of various departments. Rarely is standard off-the-shelf software systems introduced for factory production informatization due to several reasons: 1. High initial project costs, 2. Difficult assessment of cost recovery, 3. Significant changes in onsite production operations. These reasons make it challenging for a comprehensive production information system to be implemented.
This study adopts the Structure-Behavior Coalescence (SBC) Architecture Description Language (ADL) to describe the structure-oriented process in establishing AOPMESM. Through aspects of system behavior, system structure, and the unification of structure-behavior, AOPMESM clearly articulates the process of establishing deep learning for object recognition. This allows production operators, system requirement analysts, and system developers to understand more clearly and rapidly demonstrate work production efficiency. The study finally discusses the advantages and disadvantages of a structure-oriented versus non-structure-oriented approach from four perspectives: "System and Process Requirement Viewpoint," "System Development Procedure," "System Maintenance," and "Cost Estimation." It is found that AOPMESM indeed possesses characteristics of modularity, structurization, high efficiency, and ease of understanding
Chia-Yu Chen Flute Recital Program Notes
No full textThis essay is an analysis of the repertoire of Chia-Yu Chen\ue2s Flute Recital, on November 23, 2023. These four works in my concert including four repertoires from the Baroque period, the Romantic period and the 20th century, all of which are famous composition for flute. There are four chapters in my essay to explain the life of the composers, the background of the composition, and the analysis and interpretation of the four pieces of music. The first chapter is Fantaisie pour fl\uc3\ubbte et piano, composed by Philippe Gaubert in the Romantic period. The following chapter is "Undine" Sonata for Flute and Piano, Op.167, composed by Carl Reinecke in the Romantic period. The third chapter is Fantasias for Flute without Bass, D-Dur TWV40:8, composed by Georg Philipp Telemann in the Baroque period. The final chapter is Sonata for Flute and Piano, which is composed by Samuel Zyman
Abnormal Return Analysis of Mergers \ue2 the case of Fubon Financial Holding Co.
No full textFubon Financial Holdings, a leading tycoon in Taiwan's financial sector, has exhibited exceptional performance over two decades. This research employs the event study method to examine the impact of Fubon Financial Holdings' various domestic and overseas mergers and acquisitions on its stock prices. Surprisingly, while domestic acquisitions led to significant abnormal returns, high-profile overseas acquisitions showed no such effects. These findings provide valuable insights for Taiwanese investors and financial industry stakeholders
A Study of Wang, Lo-Mi-To\ue2s Taiwanese Hokkien Modern Poetry (2011-2020): A Case Analysis of the Poetry Collections \uef\ubcCreeping Oxalis\uef\ubc and \uef\ubcHere Comes the Sea Again\uef\ubc.
No full textIn this thesis, the primary focus is on the Taiwanese Hokkien modern poetry collections "Creeping Oxalis" and "Here Comes the Sea Again" by poet Wang,Lo-Mi-To, published between 2011 and 2020. Through interviews, literary analysis, and close textual reading, this study seeks to appreciate Taiwanese Hokkien poetry. The goal is to cultivate a deep appreciation for readers and provide a model for creators by examining these poetic works.
The research begins by clarifying the definition of Modern Taiwanese Hokkien \uef\ubcTaiwanese Hokkien\uef\ubc poetry and building on previous research findings, synthesizing the development context of Taiwanese Hokkien poetry. Subsequently, the study explores Wang,Lo-Mi-To's creative perspectives and characteristics of Chinese poetry as a prerequisite for appreciating Taiwanese Hokkien poetry. It then proceeds to summarize and analyze the content and form of "Creeping Oxalis" and "Here Comes the Sea Again."
Through the aforementioned research steps, it is evident that: The thematic scope of Wang Lo-Mi-To's Taiwanese Hokkien poetry revolves around his creative perspective of "life-oriented themes". This serves as the core, further expanding into specific categories. In "Creeping Oxalis"(2017), one can deduce four thematic categories: animal and plant writing, memory of the times, the internet era , and ecological care. In "Here Comes the Sea Again" (2020), three distinct features emerge, life attitudes, religious imagery, and historical atmospheres. On the technical level, the poetry is characterized by " the colloquial words," incorporating its naturally generated prose poetry forms, linguistic hybridity, collectively constructing the aesthetic model of "hi\uc4n-l\uc3\ua2u-\uc3\ua1 style" (Lee, Chang Ching 2023).
Through the aforementioned research steps, it is evident that: The thematic scope of Wang Lo-Mi-To's Taiwanese Hokkien poetry revolves around his creative perspective of "life-oriented themes". This serves as the core, further expanding into specific categories. In "Creeping Oxalis"(2017), one can deduce five thematic categories: animal and plant writing, memory of the times, the internet era , and ecological care. In "Here Comes the Sea Again" (2020), three distinct features emerge, life attitudes, religious imagery, and historical atmospheres. On the technical level, the poetry is characterized by " the colloquial words," incorporating its naturally generated prose poetry forms, linguistic hybridity, collectively constructing the aesthetic model of "hi\uc4n-l\uc3\ua2u-\uc3\ua1 style" (Lee, Chang Ching 2023)
Investigation into the role of skin mucus microbiome in the interplay between environmental ammonia and striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) skin
No full textAmmonia is a well-known aquatic nitrogenous pollutant and poses a threat to fish health, particularly in aquaculture. Fish skin with the mucus and residential microbiome serves as the primary external interface between fish and the aquatic environment; however, its responses to ammonia remain unexplored. The present study thereby evaluated the skin responses of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) to environmental ammonia, as well as investigated the potential role of skin mucus in intervening ammonia-induced effects. We found that ammonia can directly damage fish skin tissues by inducing epidermal exfoliation along with inflammation, yet the skin mucus could reduce this damage, as demonstrated through a skin mucus removal approach. Cultivation of the skin mucus in an ammonia-enriched medium revealed the presence of ammonia-utilizing bacteria, especially Acinetobacter sp., within the skin mucus microbiome, suggesting a potential mitigation capacity against ammonia. Skin mucus microbiome analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences and metabolic function evaluation by Ecoplate assay indicated skin microbiome shifts while ammonia presents beyond the mitigation capacity of skin mucus. Our work sheds light on the complex interplay between environmental ammonia and host skin, under skin microbiome\ue2s intervention. Understanding how fish skin and its mucus microbiome respond to ammonia-enriched environments will help develop a better aquaculture practice in monitoring fish health