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Printed circuit boards (PCBs)
No full textIntroductory ESL-oriented unit on Printed Circuit Boards. It explains PCB purpose and composition (FR4 substrate, copper, soldermask, silkscreen), core terminology (pads, traces, vias, PTH, reflow, DRC), and typical layer structures. The resource includes reading comprehension with MCQs, pronunciation practice with audio terms, cloze activities, open discussion prompts, a pre-watching task and video about FR4 properties and defects, plus a brief grammar section on “used to / be used to / get used to,” and a Kahoot review
Graphic design
No full textThis resource is an English-language learning unit about graphic design. It includes an expository text on the evolution, principles, and purpose of graphic design; reading comprehension multiple-choice questions; pronunciation practice with phonetic transcriptions and audio term definitions; a cloze activity using key vocabulary; speaking prompts with a debate scenario; a watching activity with pre-watching questions and video-based MCQs; and grammar practice on first and second conditionals
Regenerative medicine: Pioneering the future of healing
No full textThis resource is an English-language learning unit centered on regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. It includes a core explanatory text, vocabulary with phonetic transcriptions, reading comprehension MCQs, cloze activities, speaking prompts and debate, pre-watching questions, and two embedded videos. A grammar section practices future forms within the scientific context. The unit highlights scaffolds, extracellular matrix, stem cells, growth factors, decellularized organs, applications, benefits, risks, and future impact on healthcare and personalized medicine
Aquifers and aquifer properties
No full textThis resource introduces aquifers and their properties, explaining saturated and unsaturated zones, recharge processes, and the distinctions between confined, unconfined, and perched aquifers. It combines reading comprehension, pronunciation practice, cloze exercises, discussion prompts, and video-based questions to reinforce understanding of groundwater terminology and behavior, including concepts like piezometric surface, aquitards, and artesian wells
Las cookies (nivel A1/A2)
No full textUnidad didáctica de nivel inicial sobre cookies: qué son, tipos y funciones, ventajas en la experiencia de navegación y riesgos para la privacidad. Incluye recomendaciones de configuración en los principales navegadores, buenas prácticas de seguridad, herramientas como Privacy Badger, una práctica final y autoevaluaciones. Orientada a comprender el impacto de las cookies y a aprender a gestionarlas de forma básica y segura
Resilient construction
No full textThis resource explores resilient construction for mineral processing and energy engineering contexts, emphasizing high-performance reinforced concrete for structural integrity and operational continuity. It explains Portland cement manufacture (limestone and shale in rotary kilns), resilience to fire and wind, and the sustainability trade-offs via life cycle assessment and long service life. The unit includes reading comprehension, pronunciation practice, interactive vocabulary audio, fill‑in‑the‑blank exercises, class discussions, debate activities, videos, and quizzes to reinforce concepts and terminology
Salt glands enable salt but not metal(loid)s excretion in Limonium daveaui under amended saline and contaminated soils
Get PDFSoil–plant interactions are essential for understanding adaptive responses to abiotic stressors such as salinity and metal(loid)s contamination. This study analyzed plant behavior of the recretohalophyte Limonium daveaui Erben when cultivated in saline and in gossan mine soils, both with and without organic–inorganic amendments. Analysis included soil physicochemical and biological parameters, multielemental composition of plant tissues, and the cationic profile of salts excreted by foliar salt glands. All plants grown in unamended gossan soil died, whereas amendment addition substantially improved both gossan and saline Fluvisol properties, raising pH in gossan soil, reducing salinity, increasing nutrient availability, generally stimulating microbial enzymatic activity, thereby allowing normal plant development. In amended gossan soil, plants accumulated high concentrations of As and Pb and moderate levels of other potentially hazardous elements (PHE) in roots and shoots without visible toxicity symptoms. Transfer coefficients revealed low PHE translocation but high biological absorption, indicating efficient uptake. Microscopic analyses showed the presence of the typical Limonium salt glands on both leaf surfaces through which plants excreted salts with macroelements but not As and Pb. The findings indicate that plant's primary tolerance strategy is based on accumulation of metal(loi)s in roots, rather than exclusion or excretion through foliar salt glands.Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN (b-on). This work was supported by FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P. through project reference UID/04129/2025. Antonio Aguilar-Garrido (AA-G) thanks the SPANISH MINISTRY OF SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND UNIVERSITIES for its predoctoral fellowship and the mobility grant under application references FPU-18/02901 and EST21/00734, respectively
Numerical analysis of the impact of incoming cold airstream on a room shaped to passive solar chimney coupled with earth-air heat exchanger
Get PDFNumerical results are presented for a morphology fitted to a passive solar chimney attached to a room coupled with an earth-air heat exchanger. The effects of the variable thermophysical properties of air are included in the modelling. The considered operating mode is room cooling (summer ventilation) by means of an incoming airstream drawn from the soil at a temperature lower than that of the ambient. Buoyancy is assumed to be the only driving force acting on the fluid. A wide range of irradiance over the solar chimney walls, from 10 to 1000 W/m2 (Rayleigh number based on the glazing wall from 1.77 × 1011 to 1.77 × 1014), is analyzed. The impact of the incoming airstream temperature on the overall dynamic and thermal behavior of the system is studied. The induced mass-flow rate and average Nusselt number are presented as a function of relevant parameters for evaluating the passive device performance. The results reveal a strong influence of temperature and the position of the incoming cool airstream on room cooling. Some opposite effects on the relevant parameters are detected, but a sizeable increase in ventilation within the room for the middle and upper positions of the incoming duct is highlighted
Rehabilitation engineering: Empowering lives through technology
No full textEducational resource in English introducing rehabilitation engineering and its role in creating assistive technologies to enhance independence for people with disabilities. It includes a reading passage, ten comprehension questions, pronunciation practice with audio terms, keyword gap-fill, class speaking activities with related videos, a watching activity tied to a research video on myoelectric prostheses, grammar exercises on comparing and contrasting, and a Kahoot review link
Alternative strategies for flexible and sustainable local energy planning
No full textOpta a mención internacional[SPA] La búsqueda de estrategias alternativas para la planificación energética local surge de las limitaciones de los modelos centralizados, que tienen dificultades para abordar la pobreza energética, las desigualdades territoriales y la variabilidad del suministro renovable. Esta tesis responde desarrollando un marco integrado que combina inclusión social, análisis espacial, flexibilidad de los edificios e innovación digital para apoyar transiciones energéticas justas y sostenibles. El trabajo demuestra cómo iniciativas como las comunidades energéticas pueden reducir la vulnerabilidad cuando se apoyan en una gobernanza transparente y en activos públicos, como se mostró en un caso de estudio en una ciudad de Madrid (España). Se introduce una metodología basada en simulación para caracterizar el comportamiento térmico de los edificios residenciales a través de indicadores temporales, que posteriormente se utilizan para definir arquetipos que representan distintos potenciales de flexibilidad. Estos arquetipos se integran en un marco GIS que combina dimensiones técnicas, sociales y solares, lo que permite identificar barrios prioritarios para la acción energética. Finalmente, la investigación desarrolla un modelo de Simulation-as-a-Service que integra Digital Twins y Data Spaces, validado en un campus universitario, lo que permite a los actores probar estrategias de respuesta a la demanda en condiciones reales garantizando al mismo tiempo interoperabilidad y soberanía de los datos. En conjunto, estas contribuciones conforman un enfoque práctico y replicable para la planificación energética local. Muestran que la transición hacia una energía sostenible debe estar moldeada no solo por tecnologías y métricas de eficiencia, sino también por las realidades vividas de los ciudadanos, la diversidad de los edificios y las estructuras de gobernanza que los conectan. Al fundamentar las soluciones técnicas en contextos sociales y espaciales, la tesis proporciona herramientas aplicables para avanzar hacia sistemas energéticos más justos, flexibles y sensibles al contexto.[ENG] The search for alternative strategies in local energy planning arises from the limitations of centralized models, which struggle to address energy poverty, spatial inequalities, and the variability of renewable supply. This thesis responds by developing an integrated framework that combines social inclusion, spatial analysis, building flexibility, and digital innovation to support fair and sustainable energy transitions. The work demonstrates how initiatives like energy communities can reduce vulnerability when supported by transparent governance and public assets, as shown in a case study in a city of Madrid (Spain). It introduces a simulation-based methodology to characterize the thermal performance of residential buildings through time-based indicators, later used to define archetypes that represent different flexibility potentials. These archetypes are integrated into a GIS framework that combines technical, social, and solar dimensions, allowing priority neighborhoods for energy action to be identified. Finally, the research advances a Simulation-as-a-Service model that merges Digital Twins with Data Spaces, validated on a university campus, enabling stakeholders to test demand response strategies in real conditions while ensuring interoperability and data sovereignty. Together, these contributions form a practical and replicable approach to local energy planning. They show that the transition to sustainable energy must be shaped not only by technologies and efficiency metrics but also by the lived realities of citizens, the diversity of buildings, and the governance structures that connect them. By grounding technical solutions in social and spatial contexts, the thesis provides action able solutions for fairer, more flexible, and sensitive energy systems.Esta tesis doctoral se presenta bajo la modalidad de compendio de publicaciones.
Esta formada por los siguientes artículos:
PAPER I: PARRENO-RODRIGUEZ, Adelaida, et al. Community energy solutions for addressing energy poverty: A local case study in Spain. Energy & Buildings, 2023, vol. 296, p. 113418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2023.113418; PAPER II: Adelaida Parreño-Rodríguez, Angel Molina-García, Alice Mugnini, Alessia Arteconi, Alfonso P. Ramallo-González, Thermal energy characterization methodology based on GIS for energy communities and demand response strategies, Results in Engineering, Volume 27, 2025, 105769, ISSN 2590-1230, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.105769; PAPER III: Alice Mugnini, Alfonso P. Ramallo-González, Adelaida Parreño, Angel Molina-Garcia, Antonio F. Skarmeta, Alessia Arteconi, Dynamic building thermal mass clustering for energy flexibility assessment: An application to demand response events, Energy and Buildings, Volume 308, 2024, 114011, ISSN 0378-7788, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114011; PAPER IV: Coppolino, L., Parreño-Rodríguez, A., Petruolo, A. et al. Simulation as a Service in Data Spaces: A Digital Twin-based Approach. Data Sci. Eng. (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41019-025-00305-xEscuela Internacional de DoctoradoUniversidad Politécnica de CartagenaEnergías Renovables y Eficiencia Energétic