Technische Hochschule Würzburg-Schweinfurt Publikationsserver OPUS
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Unified Probabilistic and Similarity-Based Position Estimation from Radio Observations
No full textWe propose a modeling approach for position estimation based on the observed radio propagation in an environment. The approach is purely similarity-based and therefore free of explicit physical assumptions. What distinguishes it from classical related methods are probabilistic position estimates. Instead of just providing a point estimate for a given signal sequence, our model returns the distribution of possible positions as continuous probability density function, which allows for appropriate integration into recursive state estimation systems. The estimation procedure starts by using a kernel to compare incoming data with reference recordings from known positions. Based on the obtained similarities, weights are assigned to the reference positions. An arbitrarily chosen density estimation method is then applied given this assignment. Thus, a continuous representation of the distribution of possible positions in the environment is provided. We apply the solution in a Particle Filter (PF) system for smartphone-based indoor localization. The approach is tested both with radio signal strength (RSS) measurements (Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Low Energy RSSI) and round-trip time (RTT) measurements, given by Wi-Fi Fine Timing Measurement. Compared to distance-based models, which are dedicated to the specific physical properties of each measurement type, our similarity-based model achieved overall higher accuracy at tracking pedestrians under realistic conditions. Since it does not explicitly consider the physics of radio propagation, the proposed model has also been shown to work flexibly with either RSS or RTT observations
Barriers for Male Victims of Intimate Partner Violence to Seek and to Find Help: An Anonymous Online Survey from Germany
No full textThe latest crime statistics from Germany show that nearly 21% of police reports of intimate partner violence (IPV) were made by men. There were a total of 34,899 male victims, which means that almost 100 men are victims of IPV every day in Germany. The results of an anonymous mixed-method online survey of 141 German men who experience (or had experienced) IPV in their relationships to women are reported. The results support the fact that men can experience multiple violence in relationships by their partners, most pronounced by psychological violence (e.g. insults), followed by physical violence (e.g. blows) and to a smaller amount by sexual violence (e.g. forced to intercourse). Triggers were everyday situations like dispute or stress. Battered men show inhibiting feelings and thoughts, which prevent them to out their violent experiences. Among these are the beliefs that counseling centers and the police could not help them and that they couldn’t win in court. Instead, they prefer to react with distancing and escaping or trying to tolerate and accept their traumatic experiences. If they confide in others, with the exception of friends, all persons showed more rejecting than supporting reactions. For aid organizations like social work, a number of participants indicated that such counseling offers for men in Germany “do not exist” or “are not known”. Implications for social work practice, education and research are discussed and suggestions are offered to improve the situation
Scoping Review on the Effects of Simulation-Based Interventions on Reducing Stigma Toward People with Schizophrenia
No full textIntroduction: Schizophrenia imposes a significant burden on global public health and is associated with pervasive stigmatization, perpetuating misconceptions of danger and incompetence. This review examines the efficacy of simulation interventions in reducing stigmas associated with schizophrenia and fostering empathy towards affected individuals.
Methods: A comprehensive literature review spanning from August 2021 to September 2022 identified 14 relevant studies meeting inclusion criteria.
Results: Analysis revealed a diverse landscape of simulation-based interventions, characterized by variability in methodological rigor, intervention design, and technological modalities. While some studies demonstrated promising outcomes in stigma reduction and empathy enhancement, methodological limitations and inconsistencies underscore the need for cautious interpretation of findings. Furthermore, mixed outcomes in stigma characteristics and empathy development highlight the complexity of intervention effectiveness.
Discussion: Despite these challenges, simulation interventions, particularly when integrated with additional components, hold potential in mitigating stigmatization and promoting empathy. Future research should prioritize methodological rigor, comprehensive outcome assessment, and tailored intervention strategies to advance the field of stigma reduction in schizophrenia
An Application of Behavioral Science to Improve Bicycle Safety: An Innovative Behavioral Prompting Technique
No full textFrom a behavioral community perspective, cyclists’ decisions to wear helmets reflect social and cognitive biases rather than purely rational risk assessment. Despite awareness of helmet safety benefits, many cyclists, particularly students, forget helmets due to perceived inconvenience and an underestimation of risk on short trips. In a university-based intervention, we applied a community-driven behavioral prompting technique by distributing stickers featuring the Bavarian Prime Minister wearing a helmet. This simple cue led to a temporary two- to threefold increase in helmet use. However, the effect diminished over time, highlighting the limitations of this student-driven intervention. Future research should explore sustained behavioral change strategies, integrating repeated or varied prompts to reinforce long-term impact within student communities
Security Awareness bei einem deutschen Maschinenbauunternehmen
No full textDas Kerngeschäft des betrachteten Maschinenbauunternehmens ist die Planung, Entwicklung und Fertigung von Anlagen und Maschinen. Neben den Anlagen und Maschinen werden Lösungen für die gesamte Wertschöpfungskette angeboten, etwa auch Recyclinganlagen. Die weiteren Schwerpunkte sind Prozesstechnik und Intralogistik für diesen Markt. Neben dem Kerngeschäft bietet das Unternehmen auch Dienstleistungen im Bereich Digitalisierung und Lifecycle Service an. Als klassisches Maschinenbauunternehmen verfügt auch das betrachtete Unternehmen über eine große Anzahl an erteilten Patenten und Gebrauchsmustern. Die Kompetenzen sind neben der Muttergesellschaft auf weltweite Tochterunternehmen verteilt. In diesen Unternehmen werden mehr als 15.000 Mitarbeitende beschäftigt, wovon rund zwei Drittel in den deutschen Standorten beschäftigt sind. Auch die Kunden des Unternehmens sind weltweit verteilt, wobei zirka 90% des Umsatzes in den internationalen Märkten erwirtschaftet wird. Auf Wunsch des Unternehmens wurde die Fallstudie anonymisiert
Transfer of Structural Knowledge from Synthetic Languages
No full textThis work explores transfer learning from several synthetic languages to English. We investigate the structure of the embeddings in the finetuned models, the information they contain, and the capabilities of the finetuned models on simple linguistic tasks. We also introduce a new synthetic language that leads to better transfer to English than the languages used in previous research. Finally, we introduce Tiny-Cloze Benchmark — a new synthetic benchmark for natural language understanding that is more informative for less powerful models. We use Tiny-Cloze Benchmark to evaluate fine-tuned models in several domains demonstrating that finetuning on a new synthetic language allows for better performance on a variety of tasks
Better Call Claude: Can LLMs Detect Changes of Writing Style?
No full textThis article explores the zero-shot performance of state-ofthe-art large language models (LLMs) on one of the most challenging tasks in authorship analysis: sentence-level style change detection. Benchmarking four LLMs on the official PAN 2024 and 2025 “MultiAuthor Writing Style Analysis” datasets, we present several observations. First, state-of-the-art generative models are sensitive to variations in writing style—even at the granular level of individual sentences. Second, their accuracy establishes a challenging baseline for the task, outperforming suggested baselines of the PAN competition. Finally, we explore the influence of semantics on model predictions and present evidence suggesting that the latest generation of LLMs may be more sensitive to content-independent and purely stylistic signals than previously reported
Security Awareness bei DHL Group
No full textDHL Group ist ein weltweit führendes Logistik- und Postunternehmen, das in über 220
Ländern und Territorien tätig ist. Die Gruppe gliedert sich in verschiedene Geschäftsbereiche
und bietet eine breite Palette von Dienstleistungen an, darunter Postversand,
Expresslieferungen, Frachttransport und Supply-Chain-Lösungen. Wie in Abbildung 1 zu
sehen, teilt sich die Unternehmensgruppe in fünf operative Unternehmensbereiche auf:
Express, Global Forwarding, Freight, Supply Chain, eCommerce und Post & Paket Deutschland.
Der Bereich Express bietet internationale Express-Lieferdienste an und ist auf zeitkritische
Sendungen spezialisiert. Der Fokus liegt auf einer schnellen, zuverlässigen Zustellung von
Dokumenten und Waren weltweit. Global Forwarding, Freight bietet
Speditionsdienstleistungen für den Luft-, See- und Landtransport an und unterstützt Kunden
dabei, ihre Waren effizient und kostengünstig weltweit zu transportieren. Supply Chain ist auf
integrierte Logistiklösungen spezialisiert und bietet Dienstleistungen in den Bereichen
Lagerhaltung, Bestandsmanagement und Distribution, um maßgeschneiderte Lösungen für
Kunden zu entwickeln. Der Bereich eCommerce konzentriert sich auf den nationalen
Pakettransport in ausgewählten Ländern in Europa, Amerika und Asien, sowie auf
grenzüberschreitende Transporte, die weniger zeitkritisch sind. Der Bereich Post & Paket
Deutschland übernimmt das Brief- und Paketgeschäft in Deutschland und ist für die Zustellung
von Briefen, Paketen und Presseerzeugnissen verantwortlich. Zu diesem Bereich gehört neben
der Marke DHL auch die Marke Deutsche Post.
Zusätzlich gibt es die Bereiche Corporate Center, Global Business Services und Customer
Solutions & Innovation. Der Corporate Center nimmt die Aufgaben der Konzernführung wahr.
Der Bereich Global Business Services ist konzernweit für die internen Dienstleistungen
zuständig. Bei Customer Solutions & Innovation handelt es sich um die Account-Management-
und Innovationseinheit
Nachhaltigkeit von der Vision über Handlungsfelder zu Maßnahmen
No full textErgebnisse eines Lehrforschungsprojekts zur Förderung der Nachhaltigkeit in der ambulanten Rehabilitation mit dem Impuls Reha- und Gesundheitszentrum in Würzburg und einer Projektgruppe des Masterstudiengangs Integriertes Innovationsmanagement der Technischen Hochschule Würzburg-Schweinfurt (THWS). Die wissenschaftliche Leitung hatte der Würzburger Wirtschaftsethiker Prof. Dr. Harald Bolsinger. Die Ergebnisse wurden auf dem 34. Reha-Wissenschaftlichen Kolloquium in Nürnberg im Rahmen einer Posterpräsentation vorgestellt