Technische Hochschule Würzburg-Schweinfurt Publikationsserver OPUS
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Aging Determination of Series-Connected Lithium-Ion Cells Independent of Module Design
No full textIn this work, a battery consisting of eight commercial NMC/graphite cells connected in series was cycled to 60% of its initial capacity. During the test, special care was taken to ensure that the results were not influenced by either the module assembly or the module design. For this purpose, the cells were virtually connected in a laboratory environment with the help of the test device as if they were operated together in a battery. Extrinsic influences that affect cell aging were thus reduced to a minimum. Differential Voltage Analysis (DVA), Electrochemical Impedance Spectrum (EIS), and relaxation measurements were performed to analyze the aging behavior of each cell. The results show that despite a theoretically perfect module design, Cell-to-Cell Variations (CtCV) occurred during aging. The shifting Depth of Discharge (DoD) values among the cells further amplify CtCV. Lithium plating was also observed in the faster aging cells after cyclic aging, suggesting that this aging effect contributes significantly to the development of CtCV. After the aging test, the battery was equipped with an active balancing system that maximizes capacity utilization. More important, the balancing charges which are calculated iteratively within the used balancing algorithm show a strong correlation to the pure capacity losses and thus provide a new way to determine the capacity values of each cell individually without disassembling the battery
Introduction to externalization of EU borders
No full textThe dramatic pictures of violence on the Polish - Belorussian border, preventable shipwrecks off the coast of Italy and Greece or the killing of people attempting to cross the border into the Spanish exclave of Melilla are just the latest manifestation of the dehumanization, securitization and externalization of the EU migration management policies. A trend that can be traced to early 2000s has achieved a new level in recent years after a brief opening of EU borders around 2015. The Covid-19 pandemic has amplified these dynamics in important ways and deepened inequalities of transnational mobility (Lee 2020; Sumba 2021; Afeworki Abay, Kassaye and Kleibl 2022; Matela and Maaza 2022). The flight of people from Ukraine into the EU after the Russian invasion has highlighted the differential treatment of refugees based on intersecting hierarchies of racialization, gender and citizenship
High Bandwidth PWM-based Amplifier for Non-Linear Hybrid Filter in Electric Vehicle DC Grids
No full textThe paper presents design and modulation strategy for a high bandwidth PWM-based amplifier. It consists of multiple H-bridges connected in parallel and switched sequentially. As the effective switching frequency is a multiple of the switching frequency of each single switch, the bandwidth is scaled by the number of H-bridges in parallel. The prototype presented supports a maximum number of eight H-bridges in parallel
Respect for the Will and Preferences of People with Mental Disorders in German Law
No full textThis chapter provides an overview of German laws that are particularly relevant to the rights of people with mental disorders. While its focus is on guardianship law, the chapter also briefly discusses Mental Health Assistance Laws, the implications of the United Nations Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and the Patients’ Rights Law. Key elements of German guardianship law include respect for autonomy, a prioritisation of supported over substitute decision-making, a prioritisation of the person’s will and preferences over objective categories of well-being, and protection of the deeply held will and preferences of individuals who lack mental capacity and pose a considerable risk of harm to themselves. The primary task of the guardian is to support the person concerned in managing their own legal affairs. Only if the provision of adequate support does not enable the person concerned to make decisions based on their own will and preferences, the guardian can act on their behalf. Substitute decisions made by a guardian must be consistent with the deeply held values and preferences of the person concerned, as derived from the person’s advance directive, preferences they expressed previously, or the person’s ‘presumed will’. Various actions of the guardian are subject to court approval, including financial investments, security deposits, high-stake medical decisions and involuntary interventions. A central element in the court proceedings is an in-person hearing of the person concerned. Involuntary interventions are additionally subject to strict conditions of proportionality
Wishes and needs of nursing home residents
Get PDFFalling birth rates and rising life expectancy are leading to global aging. The proportional increase in older people can be observed in almost all countries and regions worldwide. As a result, more people spend their later years in nursing homes. In homes where person-centered care is implemented, residents report greater satisfaction and quality of life. This approach is based on the wishes and needs of the residents. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review is to explore the wishes and needs of nursing home residents. A scoping review of the literature was conducted in which 12 databases were systematically searched for relevant articles according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Both quantitative and qualitative study designs were considered. A total of 51 articles met the inclusion criteria. Included articles were subjected to thematic analysis and synthesis to categorize findings into themes. The analysis identified 12 themes to which the wishes and needs were assigned: (1) Activities, leisure, and daily routine; (2) Autonomy, independence, choice, and control; (3) Death, dying, and end-of-life; (4) Economics; (5) Environment, structural conditions, meals, and food; (6) Health condition; (7) Medication, care, treatment, and hygiene; (8) Peer relationship, company, and social contact; (9) Privacy; (10) Psychological and emotional aspects, security, and safety; (11) Religion, spirituality; and (12) Sexuality. Nursing home residents are not a homogeneous group. Accordingly, a wide range of needs and wishes are reported in the literature, assigned to various topics. This underscores the need for tailored and person-centered approaches to ensure long-term well-being and quality of life in the nursing home care setting
Cascaded Scheduling for Highly Autonomous Production Cells with AGVs
No full textHighly autonomous production cells are a crucial part of manufacturing systems in industry 4.0 and can contribute to a sustainable value-adding process. To realize a high degree of autonomy in production cells with an industrial robot and a machine tool, an experimental approach was carried out to deal with numerous challenges on various automation levels. One crucial aspect is the scheduling problem of tasks for each resource (machine tool, tools, robot, AGV) depending on various data needed for a job-shop scheduling algorithm. The findings show that the necessary data has to be derived from different automation levels in a company: horizontally from ERP to shop-floor, vertically from the order handling department to the maintenance department. Utilizing that data, the contribution provides a cascaded scheduling approach for machine tool jobs as well as CNC and robot tasks for highly autonomous production cells supplied by AGVs