University of North Carolina at Greensboro
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Investigating the relationship between self-efficacy and anxiety symptom interpretation in youth athletes
Full text linkAnxiety is a widely experienced phenomenon defined as a state of apprehension of potential threats (Bandura, 1988). Performance anxiety is defined as the perception of a competitive situation as threatening and leads to symptoms associated with anxiety such as feelings of apprehension and tension. In the present study, the focus is on performance anxiety, therefore, all references to anxiety should be considered the performance side of anxiety rather than the clinical side of anxiety. In sports and performance, too much anxiety leads to debilitating performance whereas there is considered to be an optimal level of anxiety that can be facilitative to performance. Previous research looking into anxiety within sports views anxiety primarily as debilitating to performance. Whereas a smaller portion of literature has studied the facilitative effects anxiety has on performance. It has been suggested that an individual viewing their performance anxiety as facilitative or debilitative can change depending on various individual factors such as experience, skill level, hardiness, and type of sport. An individual difference not mentioned in the literature that may have an impact on how an individual may perceive their anxiety is self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is the perception that one has the ability to execute a skill successfully in any situation. Although self-efficacy has been found to be related to regulating anxiety and improved performance, research has not been conducted to determine if there is a relationship between one's feelings of efficacy and how they interpret performance anxiety. The purpose of this study was to investigate if higher self-efficacy is correlated with interpreting performance anxiety as facilitative, and if lower self-efficacy is correlated with interpreting anxiety as debilitative. The present study recruited youth athletes from various sports to complete questionnaires regarding a recent past competition asking them to reflect on their thoughts and feelings during their performance. The CSAI-2 with a direction subscale was used to capture if the participants experienced their anxiety as facilitative during the competition. The General Self-Efficacy questionnaire was employed to measure the self-efficacy the athletes perceived during their competition as well. Correlational analyses were conducted to find if self - efficacy and anxiety interpretation are related. The results found that self-efficacy did have a positive correlation with both somatic and cognitive anxiety direction. The findings presented in this study provide preliminary insight to the potential moderating effects self-efficacy can have on anxiety and symptom interpretation of anxiety
Educating the virtual way : NC K-12 virtual principals’ perceptions of successful implementation
Full text linkVirtual education, once a niche educational option, has grown in popularity throughout the US (and the world) post-COVID-19. However, the lack of systems and structures in place to implement virtual learning environments during the pandemic left many questioning the validity of virtual education. Now on the other side of the pandemic, NC virtual academies are on the rise, and in response, the NC Legislature sought out recommendations for successful implementation from key virtual learning stakeholders published in “Study Group Results: Working Group on Virtual Academies” (NCDPI, 2022). Virtual school principals’ voices are missing from those recommendations, and their voices should be considered. This qualitative study explores virtual school principals’ perceptions of their roles and practices in their schools and how they compare to the NCDPI recommendations. Based on their responses, I ultimately hoped to identify structures NC virtual school principals believe are necessary for designing, operating, and implementing effective virtual learning environments. I gathered data from five current virtual school principals through two semi-structured interviews and utilized the E-Learning Systems Framework proposed by Aparicio et al. (2016) as a guide for successful implementation. I found that the e-learning ecosystem within current virtual schools is out of balance, favoring people over technology and services. This imbalance is also echoed in policy recommendations, indicating a need to rethink current practices as a whole. Ultimately, more support and structure are needed to aid principals in technology and services in order to bring the ecosystem in balance. The implications of this research identify the necessity to define virtual schools as separate but equal educational options with specific requirements for systems and structures needed within a virtual learning environment and create robust training programs for virtual principals who must shoulder the weight of successful implementation. Keywords: education, educational technology, e-learning systems, principal, virtual education, virtual learnin
Early sport specialization and chronic injuries in college students
Full text linkEarly sport specialization (ESS) is an increasingly common occurrence in youth sports due to the perception that it increases a child’s chances for attaining elite athletic success (Swindell et al., 2019; Waldron et al., 2020). However, a growing body of research has challenged this notion while also showing that ESS is associated with an elevated risk of sustaining a sport-related injury (Burwell et al., 2022; N. A. Jayanthi et al., 2019). Further exploration of the relationship between early sport specialization and chronic injury is warranted. Early sport specialization has also been associated with increased athlete burnout and decreased sport participation in adulthood (Giusti et al., 2020; Russell & Limle, 2013). However, the reasons behind these associations remain unclear. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between ESS and chronic injuries and to understand the underlying reasons and values that influence the decisions regarding sport specialization. A sample of college students was surveyed to determine their history of sport participation, specialization, and sport-related injury, along with their current levels of physical activity and sport participation. Questions explored their motivations for choosing to specialize in their sport as well as the reasons why those who no longer play their sport decided to quit. Data analysis focused on relationships between age and degree of specialization and the odds of a student still dealing with chronic effects of a sport-related injury. The study found that a high degree of early specialization was associated with significantly greater odds (OR = 2.53; 95% CI [1.24, 5.13]) of having sustained a chronic injury. The most significant factor that drove the decision to specialize early was enjoyment of their sport. Loss of enjoyment was the main reason cited for quitting a sport that they had once specialized in. These findings can be used to help educate parents, coaches, and researchers regarding the potential drawbacks of their children specializing too early in a sport while also providing them insight into some of the reasons surrounding the specialization decision
Early Native American bands : the Phoenix Indian School
Full text linkThe Phoenix Indian School was a boarding school designed to educate and “civilize” Native American students while assimilating them into white culture. The assimilation tactics used to induce Native American children to behave like white, European colonists were many and varied, and those tactics were forced on students at Native American boarding schools throughout the U.S. Although there were more than 523 Native American assimilation boarding schools in 37 states, the current research study focuses on the Phoenix Indian School and its band program, in operation from 1891 to 1990. The purpose of this historical case study was to explore the contributions and development of the Phoenix Indian School Band from 1891 to 1990. The researcher used purposive sampling to select the Phoenix Indian School because it was the longest running school that served Native Americans, first as a boarding school and later as a traditional high school. The researcher specifically chose to investigate the Phoenix Indian School Band given its prestigious, national reputation. The researcher utilized the following questions to conduct the study: 1. What impact, if any, did participation in the Phoenix Indian School Band have on Native American students from 1891 to 1990? 2. What contributions, if any, did the Phoenix Indian School Band have on the history and development of bands in the United States? 3. Why is the history of the Phoenix Indian School Band typically left out of discussions of the history of bands in America
Applications of Edwin Gordon’s Music Learning Theory to the applied bassoon curriculum
Full text linkThis project was intended to provide applied bassoon teachers with an overview of the foundational concepts of Edwin Gordon’s Music Learning Theory and to provide examples of how these concepts can be used to supplement bassoon instruction using the Practical Method for Bassoon by Julius Weissenborn. The following questions were addressed in this study: What are the foundational and most important concepts in MLT with which applied bassoon teachers need to be familiar? How do these concepts relate to music learning in general and the bassoon in particular? What are some examples of MLT-based methods and techniques that can be used to supplement traditional bassoon instruction? The primary concepts discussed were audiation, music aptitude, sequential instruction, and tonal and rhythm pattern instruction. Examples of supplemental methods and techniques included rote songs and bass lines, movement activities, tonal and rhythm pattern instruction, and improvisation activities
On zeros of fractional derivatives of Dirichlet series and polynomials
Full text linkIn this thesis we apply some of the important concepts of Complex Analysis and Fractional Calculus to several special functions from Analytic Number Theory. For Euler eta, Dirichlet L-functions and polynomials we establish new zero-free regions and explore the paths of zeros of their fractional derivatives, using our algorithms for their evaluation. We also consider the number of zeros of integral derivatives for Euler eta function and the behavior of fractional Stieltjes constants of eta and Dirichlet L-functions. Most of these results extend classical theorems concerning integral derivatives of these functions and lead to a better understanding of the general theory
Juno & Bruno
Full text linkThis thesis comprises two jazz compositions with a combined duration of 10 minutes. The document includes scores for each piece along with an exploration and analysis of musical techniques and influences. This document challenges the traditional notion of prioritizing the melody in the higher register, above the accompanying instrumentation, proposing an alternative approach: that strategic spacing of voicings allow the melody to reside within the harmony rather than above it. Subverting the traditional approach of placing the melody above the harmony and instead integrating it within the harmonic framework. I also explore the concept of dovetailing, highlighting its role in seamlessly connecting lines to create a singular, cohesive idea. These techniques establish a strong basis for my composing style, offering ample room for future growth and variation
Knowledge and use of the therapeutic relationship in physical therapy
Full text linkChronic low back pain is a common problem, and the consequences of this condition can affect every aspect of one’s life. Therefore, a biopsychosocial (BPS) treatment model that addresses the biological, psychological, and social factors that can influence low back pain is appropriate for clinical practice. Physical therapy professionals, who commonly treat low back pain, can develop a therapeutic relationship with their patients to effectively implement these BPS-based treatments. With this therapeutic relationship (TR), patients have reported less pain, improved function, and quicker recovery, but physical therapy school and post-professional training to apply TR is inadequate. The purpose of this study is to determine what physical therapy professionals know and how they use the therapeutic relationship when treating patients with chronic low back pain. An online survey was sent to practicing physical therapists and physical therapist assistants in North Carolina to determine their knowledge and use of the therapeutic relationship in their current clinical practice. Therapists reported high levels of use, importance, and confidence in using TR in clinical practice. The findings suggest that physical therapy professionals know what TR is, but may not be applying it appropriately when delivering BPS based treatments. The findings may be used to develop educational materials and resources to help practicing physical therapy professionals implement TR in their clinical practice
Songs by Florence Beatrice Price (1887–1953) : transcriptions for the trombone
Full text linkI. Solo Recital: Monday, April 18, 2022, 5:30 p.m., Organ Hall. Concerto in A-Minor (Christian Gouinguene); Deux Danses (Jean Michel Defaye); Concerto in A Major (Eugen Reiche); Songs: Dream divine, enchanting sight; How Sweet by Your Side; The Lark (Mikhail Glinka). II. Solo Recital: Friday, December 2, 2022, 5:30 p.m., Organ Hall. Konzert für Posaune (Georg Christoph Wagenseil); Sonata “Vox Gabrieli” (Stjepan Šulek); Solo for Sliding Trombone (John Cage); Ordner Seg (It’ll Be Alright) (Øystein Baadsvik); Concerto in One Movement (Alexey K. Lebedev). III. Solo Recital: Saturday, April 15, 2023, 1:30 p.m., Organ Hall. Fantasy (Elizabeth Raum); Concerto (Launy Grøndahl); Concerto (Ida Gotkovsky); Songs: Dawn’s Awakening; A White Rose; Resignation; Night (Florence Price). IV. D.M.A. Research Project. SONGS BY FLORENCE BEATRICE PRICE (1887–1953): TRANSCRIPTIONS FOR THE TROMBONE (2024). The trombone possesses a rich history, much of which is rooted in vocal music tradition. From the doubling of choirs in early music through the adaptation of Giulio Marco Bordogni’s (1789–1856) vocalises, the relationship between trombone performance and vocal technique is notable. Although the trombone solo repertoire extends back into the sixteenth century, works by historically marginalized composers are relatively absent. Art songs and spirituals by Florence Beatrice Price (1887–1953) were selected for transcription to augment trombone professional performers. Six of Price’s unpublished songs were selected based on the following criteria: (1) the range of the song is within the practical range of the trombone, (2) the song is idiomatic to the trombone, and (3) the song performed by the trombone accurately reflects the diction and intention of the text. Following a brief introduction and biographical sketch of Price, the relevance of the works is explored and the process of the selection is presented. Preceded by brief critical notes, each of the solo transcriptions for trombone are included; a piano accompaniment is not a component in the document
Amatory fiction as both novel and conduct literature : The Fair Triumvirate’s representation of conduct and seduction
Full text linkAphra Behn, Delarivier Manley, and Eliza Haywood—The Fair Triumvirate– authored incredibly popular tales of seduction in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. Significant features of these texts, called amatory fiction, include seduction, female sexual desire, and virtue in distress. Contemporary and modern scholars often describe amatory fiction as antithetical to conduct literature because of the prominent seduction and sexual desire plots. Conduct literature includes books, sermons, letters, and essays consisting of rules or regulations, often religious, meant to keep people pure in body and mind and negate female sexual desire. The Fair Triumvirate adapted and challenged their predecessors––authors of romance, poetry, tragedies, and conduct books––writing seduction stories that influenced succeeding authors of fiction novels and conduct literature, such as Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, and Frances Burney. Recent scholarship discusses the important role of amatory fiction in developing the English novel. Questions arise about whether these books of amatory fiction are some of the first English novels and the influence of amatory fiction on the formation of the English novel. Literary conversation on amatory fiction focuses on the role of sex and the display of women’s sexual desire. Considering that other works discussing sex, morality, and virtue cast a decidedly negative light on women’s sexual desire, one might assume that amatory fiction operates inversely to conduct literature. Yet rather than functioning as anti-conduct books, most examples of amatory fiction reinforce the importance of proper conduct and morality— a counter-intuitive conclusion to those who sought to remove or exclude amatory works by women writers in the formation of the novel