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Research on Kolegiacki Square in Poznań (St. Mary Magdalene Parish Collegiate Church)
Get PDFAn interdisciplinary archaeological study of St. Mary Magdalene parish collegiate church, the
largest in the city of Poznań, the adjacent cemetery, and the building development after these
were decommissioned (the New Market, the municipal bathhouse, the fire basin from World
War II, the lawn (with flower beds), and the car park) was carried out between 2016 and 2021
in Kolegiacki Square. This was the largest archaeological project carried out to date in the
Old Town. In addition to architectural foundations, the result of this project is thousands of
graves with enormous significance for not only the history of the former church, but also for
Poznań and Poland. To some extent, this is confirmed by the European character of some
funerary findings, including the so-called pearl mob cap and devotional items in graves, crypts,
and ossuaries. In the temple walls and chapels, representatives of distinguished families and
members of guilds found their resting place; epitaph stones and ceremonial tombstones were
placed here.386397Treasures of Time: Research of the Faculty of Archaeology of Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna
Civic education in England. From Labor Party politics to Brexit – selected political, social and educational contexts
Get PDFEdukacja obywatelska w Anglii została wprowadzona do szkół, jako odrębny i obowiązkowy przedmiot w 2002 roku. Jej implementacji – poza celami merytorycznymi wyrażonymi w tzw. Raporcie Cricka (1998) – przyświecały również cele polityczne wyrażone w programie Partii Pracy. Szkolna edukacja obywatelska stała się przedmiotem zainteresowań rożnych aktorów społecznych: naukowców, komentatorów, polityków, nauczycieli. Od momentu jej wprowadzenia następowały zmiany w programach nauczania, będących konsekwencją zarówno transformacji politycznych, jak i zmian na szczeblach władzy. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba analizy i rekonstrukcji politycznych i społecznych uwarunkowań edukacji obywatelskiej w systemie szkolnictwa obowiązkowego w Anglii. Rozważania zawarte w niniejszym artykule zostały podzielone na cztery kluczowe okresy, obejmujące lata (1998–2020), w których rządy Laburzystów, a następnie konserwatystów dokonywały reform w programach kształcenia mających znaczenie dla szkolnej edukacji obywatelskiej.Citizenship education was introduced as compulsory subject in English schools in 2002. Its implementation was followed by Crick Report (1998). Citizenship education has become the subject of interests of various social actors: academics, commentators, politicians and school teachers. Since its introduction, there have been changes in the National Curriculum as a consequences of both political transformations and changes in the government. The aim of the article is to analyze and reconstruct the political and social determinants of citizenship education in English schools. The considerations have been divided into four key periods, spanning the years 1998–2000 during which the Labour and then the Conservative goverments reformed National Curriculum of citizenship education
Barrows in the Skirts of the Forest: Excavation of a Wielbark culture cemetery at Mirosław 37, Ujście commune, Piła district, Greater Poland Voivodeship
Get PDFArchaeological excavations carried out at site 37 in Mirosław since 2016 have revealed a
barrow cemetery of the Wielbark culture. An enormous amount of data hitherto collected has
greatly facilitated better understandings of the settlement patterns of the population represented
by this cultural group in the northern part of Greater Poland. This information provides a truly
compelling and valuable contribution into the study of the burial customs of communities
inhabiting northern Greater Poland during the Roman Iron Age period. As a result of this work,
two of seven preserved mounds were examined. These contained two female burials: an
inhumation burial, dated to phase B2/C1 deposited in Barrow 7 and a cremation burial dated to
phase C1a deposited in Barrow 1. Also, other objects were recorded in the area of the mounds,
in particular traces that are evidence of metallurgical production. What is more, a fragment of
the plane part of the site was identified using non-invasive research methods – magnetometer
prospection. A part of this area was examined by means of excavation, which confirmed the
occurrence of both burial goods (a burial that was first exhumed in antiquity, was possibly
made from another, leveled burial mound) as well as other objects, present in the cemetery
and related to the funeral activities. Additionally, the zone between Barrows 6 and 7 yielded the
burial of a small child. The excavations have stimulated numerous research questions which
have not yet been satisfactorily answered and are vital for describing the structure of the
cemetery and providing its full chronology.338353Treasures of Time: Research of the Faculty of Archaeology of Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna
Migration and kinship in East-Central Europe in the 1st half of the 2nd millennium BC
Get PDFThis article presents the results of research conducted within the framework of a multi-
disciplinary project investigating the issues of migration, mobility, and kinship of the Middle
Bronze Age communities inhabiting East-Central Europe, more specifically the Upland belt of
modern Poland and western Ukraine. The main objective of the project is to verify or falsify two
hypotheses provided by the literature. The first one concerns the issue of the migration of the
Trzciniec Cultural Circle (TCC) population from the Lowland belt of East-Central Europe south-
wards into the Upland belt. The other considers kinship as a fundamental factor generating the
emergence, rules of aggregation, and shape of the ‘Trzciniec’ social structures. In addition,
the project addresses a number of issues related to the social structure, rituals, and diet of the
study communities.
An application of the methods that are specific to humanities (archaeology and cultural
anthropology) and sciences (physical anthropology, molecular biology – genetics, isotope
geochemistry, physics, chemistry, and statistics), and possible genetic affiliations of the
‘Trzciniec’ communities and the population of the preceding Early Bronze Age groups (mainly
the Mierzanowice and Strzyżów cultures) are presented; the potential kinship pattern of the
deceased buried in the graves representing these cultural groups are also indicated. The
results of Bayesian modelling of the 14 C date series for the TCC collective burials – a key factor
in the study of the kinship and the mortuary rituals of this group – are highlighted. Finally, the
paper discusses the current results of research on the mobility and diet of the communities
from the late 3 rd and 2 nd millennia BC undertaken within the frame of this project as well as in
cooperation with other research programmes.300311Treasures of Time: Research of the Faculty of Archaeology of Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna
Porządek międzynarodowy i problem dostępu pokonanego hegemona: przypadek Rosji w erze po zimnowojennej
No full textIt has been evident that Russia as the heir of Soviet foreign policy, could neither achieve to integrate herself into the international order, nor could the international order achieve to find a solution to Russian foreign policy identity quest. As long as Russia cannot find a stable and permanent status for herself in the world politics, her foreign policy will signify a permanent instability on the behalf of the international order. The current hegemonic international order is far from residing technical capabilities in terms of satisfying Russia’s foreign policy expectations, because it is unprecedentedly rigid in terms of allowing or refusing the incorporation of hegemonic power like Russia. While it cannot return to multipolarity, it could not set a community based international order either. Since the current international order was founded upon liberal anti-Soviet values, it entered into a lightness of exposing Russia to make clear-cut choices in her foreign policy. As much as the current international order was founded upon liberal anti-Soviet values, its demands from the new members would much higher that especially Russia would not easily adapt herself to.Za oczywisty fakt należy uznać, iż Rosja jako spadkobierczyni Związku Radzieckiego i jego polityki zagranicznej nie mogła skutecznie zintegrować się z obowiązującym porządkiem międzynarodowym. Równie bezspornym pozostawał fakt, iż system międzynarodowy nie mógł znaleźć dla Rosji i jej wizji polityki zagranicznej odpowiedniego miejsca, które by z jednej strony odpowiadało oczekiwaniom strony rosyjskiej, a z drugiej było zgodne z obowiązującymi zasadami ładu światowego. Zdaniem autora, dopóki Rosja nie znajdzie dla siebie stabilnego i trwałego miejsca w systemie międzynarodowym, jej polityka zagraniczna będzie stanowiła ciągłe wyzwanie dla stabilności międzynarodowej architektury bezpieczeństwa. Co więcej, współczesny hegemoniczny porządek międzynarodowy daleki jest od technicznych możliwości zaspokojenia aspiracji Rosji w zakresie jej polityki zagranicznej. Przyczyną tego stanu rzeczy jest bezprecedensowo sztywna natura wspomnianego porządku międzynarodowego, uniemożliwiająca Rosji realizację jej własnych hegemonicznych celów geopolitycznych. Zdaniem autora, współczesny ład międzynarodowy został zbudowany w oparciu o liberalne i antysowieckie zasady i wartości. Z tego też powodu Rosja, jako polityczna dziedziczka ZSRR, stając się w 1991 r. uczestniczką tego systemu, postawiona została przed wyzwaniami znacznie utrudniającymi jej integrację w ramach obowiązującej architektury ładu międzynarodowego
Post-apocalyptic stress disorder in "The Leftovers"
Get PDFIn Tom Perrotta’s novel, The Leftovers (2011), and the TV series (2014–2017) based on the novel, 2% (140 million) of the world’s population vanish into thin air. The event constitutes a temporal rift that divides history into Before and After and inaugurates a new mode of temporality, marked by a break with a clock-time-based economy and a yearning for the ultimate end. This new mode of temporality is accompanied by the shattering of the individual sense of being-in-time. The essay focuses on the altered experience of time both on individual and collective levels, a condition that constitutes a kind of post-apocalyptic stress disorder. The characters’ reactions to the traumatic experience demonstrate that the inexplicability of the apocalyptic event and duration without closure are psychologically intolerable. As closure is impossible, they cannot work through the trauma, remaining trapped in the past event and the present anticipation of the ultimate annihilation while the future horizon becomes obliterated
Zabezpieczenie dłużne w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej – współczesne podejścia badawcze oraz metody oceny
No full textThe study is aimed at analyzing methods of country’s debt security evaluation, developing methodic approach towards estimating the level of debt security based on the calculation of the integral index, and assessing the level of debt security of CEE countries on the basis of the proposed approach. A method of calculating the integral debt security index of the country is developed, taking into account generally accepted thresholds of indebtedness and solvency indicators and the trend of countries’ increasing dependence on external borrowing.
The proposed approach is practically tested in assessing the level of debt security of CEE countries. It is determined that the group of CEE countries is differentiated by the state of indebtedness and solvency. The highest level of debt security is demonstrated by Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Estonia, the worst situation with the debt security is formed in Slovakia and Slovenia. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of integral debt security indices for 2007–2019, the grouping of CEE countries by the level and zones of debt security, the trends of deterioration of the region’s debt security in 2010–2015 and its improvement in 2016–2019 has been found out. The proposed approach is universal one; it can be used to calculate debt security indices and to provide comparative studies of the debt sector of any country or region. It can also help to identify weaknesses in country’s debt security that is critically important for reasoning the public policy measures to ensure a proper level of debt security.Celem badania jest analiza metod wyceny papierów dłużnych danego państwa, wypracowanie metodycznego podejścia do szacowania poziomu zabezpieczenia długu w oparciu o wyliczenie wskaźnika integralnego oraz ocena poziomu zabezpieczenia długu państw regionu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej na podstawie zaproponowanego podejścia. Do badań wykorzystana jest metoda obliczania integralnego indeksu dłużnych papierów wartościowych kraju, uwzględniająca ogólnie przyjęte progi wskaźników zadłużenia i wypłacalności oraz tendencję rosnącego uzależnienia państw od pożyczek zewnętrznych.
Proponowane podejście jest praktycznie testowane w ocenie poziomu bezpieczeństwa zadłużenia krajów EŚW. Określa się, że grupę państw EŚW różnicuje stan zadłużenia i wypłacalność. Najwyższy poziom zabezpieczenia dłużnego wykazują Bułgaria, Czechy i Estonia, najgorsza sytuacja z zabezpieczeniami dłużnymi kształtuje się na Słowacji i Słowenii. Na podstawie analizy dynamiki integralnych indeksów dłużnych papierów wartościowych w latach 2007-2019, pogrupowania krajów EŚW według poziomu i stref bezpieczeństwa długu wykryto tendencję pogarszania się bezpieczeństwa dłużnego regionu w latach 2010-2015 oraz jego poprawy w latach 2016-2019. Proponowane podejście jest uniwersalne; może być używane do obliczania indeksów papierów dłużnych oraz do dostarczania badań porównawczych sektora długu dowolnego kraju lub regionu. Zaproponowane badanie może również pomóc w zidentyfikowaniu słabych punktów bezpieczeństwa długu kraju, które są niezwykle ważne dla uzasadnienia środków polityki publicznej w celu zapewnienia odpowiedniego poziomu bezpieczeństwa długu
John Lydgate’s "Guy of Warwick" and fifteenth-century emotions
Get PDFThe article argues that John Lydgate’s Guy of Warwick is an innovative version of the Guy of Warwick legend as it emphasizes the feelings of its characters. Furthermore, it also openly intends to evoke emotions in its audience. The poem requires to be read in light of the newly emerged field of the history of medieval emotions since the social context of Lydgate’s Guy is more visible from this perspective. The poem offers an admixture of religious and secular feelings. As a result, the final scenes of bidding farewell to Guy by Felice and by the community have to be seen as related both to Guy as a hero and as a saint