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Opto-microfluidic coupling between optical waveguides and tilted microchannels in lithium niobate
No full textThis work presents a reconfigurable opto-microfluidic coupling between optical waveguides and tilted microfluidic channels in monolithic lithium niobate crystal. The light path connecting two waveguide arrays located on opposite sides of a microfluidic channel depends on the refractive index between the liquid phase and the hosting crystal. As a result, the optical properties of the flowing fluid, which is pumped into the microfluidic channel on demand, can be exploited to control the light pathways inside the optofluidic device. Proof-of-concept applications are herein presented, including microfluidic optical waveguide switching, optical refractive index sensing, and wavelength demultiplexing
Patient Portals in German Hospitals – Status Quo and Quo Vadis
No full textThe health care sector in Germany has become increasingly important in the scientific field of
information systems over the last decades. This development has been reinforced by the
demographic change and, more recently, by the current Covid-19 pandemic. Irrespective of the
field of work and application, digital interface processes, data acquisition, data exchange, as well
as data preparation, analysis, and correct archiving are undoubtedly gaining in importance. They
also enable new possibilities for service design and the corresponding provision of both digitized
supply services and digitized information services. Against the background of increasing and
more complex requirements in the health care system, digitalization can become a very important
factor in the provision of services. This is especially true for hospitals. In hospitals, increasing
data volume and level of detail increases the complexity of data documentation. Hospital staff
currently spend a lot of time on data acquisition and transfer, and correspondingly less time is
available for the beneficial core work with patients. Therefore, digitization and automation
strategies through patient-oriented interactions are becoming increasingly necessary. Patient
portals are one possible way to enable care and new services and to reduce the effort for
comprehensive data collection. This paper presents the current situation in Germany regarding
patient-oriented solutions by capturing, structuring, and analyzing the market of existing patient
portals in German hospitals. Existing portal functionalities are identified and patient portals are
evaluated against these functionalities. Our results show that there are only two patient portal
solutions in the largest hospitals in Germany and that the existing portal solutions by far do not
completely fulfill all functional categories. Based on these results, we develop and discuss further
research questions for future research. This includes especially design-oriented research with
regards to the digital patient journey
Provokationen, Kunstfreiheit und politische Vereinnahmung in der Musik:Interview mit Prof. Dr. Michael Custodis
No full textVergewaltigungsvorwürfe innerhalb der Rapszene, die unter dem Hashtag #deutschrapmetoo öffentlich gemacht wurden, haben die Debatte um Sexismus in Hiphop-Texten neu aufleben lassen. Prof. Dr. Michael Custodis vom Institut für Musikwissenschaft plädiert im aktuellen Podcast dafür, im Zweifelsfall die entsprechenden Prüfstellen einzuschalten. Weitere Themen sind die identitätsstiftende Wirkung und die politische Vereinnahmung von Musik
Radiographic reference values of the central knee anatomy in 8–16-year-old children
No full textBackground and purpose: For correction of leg-length discrepancy or angular deformity of the lower limb in skeletally immature patients temporary or permanent (hemi-)epiphysiodesis can be employed. These are reliable treatments with few complications. Recently, radiographic analysis of treatment-related alterations of the central knee anatomy gained interest among pediatric orthopedic surgeons. To date the comparison and adequate interpretation of potential changes of the central knee anatomy is limited due to the lack of defined standardized radiographic references. We aimed to establish new reference values of the central knee anatomy. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis of calibrated longstanding anteroposterior radiographs of 254 skeletally immature patients with a chronological age ranging from 8 to 16 years was conducted. The following radiographic parameters were assessed: (1) femoral floor angle, (2) tibial roof angle, (3) width at femoral physis, and (4) femoral notch–intercondylar distance. Results: All observed radiographic parameters were normally distributed with a mean age of 12.4 years (standard deviation [SD] 2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 12.2–12.6). Mean femoral floor angle was 142° (SD 6, CI 141.8–142.9), mean tibial roof angle was 144° (SD 5, CI 143.7–144.1), mean width at femoral physis was 73 mm (SD 6, CI 72.8–73.9), and mean femoral notch–intercondylar distance was 8 mm (SD 1, CI 7.5–7.7). The estimated intraclass correlation coefficient values were excellent for all measurements. Conclusion: This study provides new radiographic reference values of the central knee anatomy for children between 8 and 16 years and we suggest considering values within the range of 2 SD as the physiological range
A chance to win or lose it all? A systematic literature review on the consequences of natural disasters for governments
No full textNatural disasters, which usually abruptly cause severe harm and cost lives, have been shown to affect governmental popularity by sometimes leading to additional governmental popularity and sometimes to a loss of popularity. By considering the various theoretical propositions and empirical findings about this nexus together in a systematic review, here we pinpoint which factors determine whether a government gains or loses popularity after a natural disaster. The review shows that a government's operational and symbolic reactions increase the governmental popularity after a natural disaster but suggest that symbolic actions do so more strongly. On the contrary, in a society with significant political knowledge, a government has fewer opportunities to increase their popularity when using only symbolic means or cheap talk
A conversation about artificial intelligence at Evonik:Interview with Dr. Steffen Kanzler
No full textDependence of the acoustic propulsion of nano- and microcones on their orientation and aspect ratio
No full textRecent research revealed the orientation-dependent propulsion of a cone-shaped colloidal particle that is exposed to a planar traveling ultrasound wave. Here, we extend the previous research by considering nano- and microcones with different aspect ratios and studying how the propulsion of a particle depends on its orientation and aspect ratio. We also study how the orientation-averaged propulsion of a cone-shaped particle, which corresponds to an isotropic ultrasound field, depends on its aspect ratio and identify an aspect ratio of 1/2 where the orientation-averaged propulsion is particularly strong. To make our simulation results easier reusable for follow-up research, we provide a corresponding simple analytic representation
Designing a Cycling Dashboard as a Way of Communicating Local Sustainability
No full textThis paper conceptualizes the use of interactive urban dashboards in collecting and visualizing sustainability indicators at local scales through a cycling dashboard prototype for Münster. Urban dashboards are integrated platforms that bring various data types and sources together and automatize the visualization of information in real time. They can function as information hubs that work with mobile applications, sensor-based data, and crowdsourced platforms. Visualization of information can present both map-based data, text, and graphical information. In this study, a cycling dashboard is introduced that is developed as a prototype. The dashboard is based on the sustainability indicators related to cycling infrastructure defined by the German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB). It retrieves crowdsourced open data from Open Street Map (OSM) and automatically updates the information when new data are entered into the platform. This enables detailed exploration of the geo-referenced information up to street level and comparisons between different districts. In order to achieve a comprehensive framework, four main steps were included into the design and development process “determining a content by integrating future users, creating and evaluating a data inventory, designing the architecture of the dashboard, and implementing the prototype ”. As a result, this study holistically draws a comprehensive framework for the urban cycling dashboard around three main modules focusing on the sustainability of cycling infrastructure “infrastructure guide, cyclists’ voice, and idea center”. Additionally, the first prototype of an open local cycling dashboard has been implemented. The prototype enables the automation of collection, analysis, visualisation, and deep exploration of sustainability-related data at local scales. The results of this study contribute to the status quo by supporting the design and development process of local urban dashboards through a participatory approach
Die Edition und Erforschung von neubabylonischen Keilschrifttafeln aus Babylon
No full textThe short article introduces a new project, Governance in Babylon – Negotiating the Rule of Three Empires, that is financed by the European Research Council, and conducted at the University of Münster. The article explains the aims of its first phase, namely the first-time publication and study of the archival cuneiform tablets that were excavated in Babylon in 1899-1917 by an expedition of the Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft. In addition to the aims, two modern technologies for the recording of the tablets are explained and the pro’s and con’s of the two methods are discussed