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State of and Perspectives for IS Strategy Research:– A Discussion Paper –
No full textNotwithstanding the substantial overall research efforts in the field of Strategic Information
Systems Planning (SISP), the "IS strategy" as the goal and outcome of SISP has received only
limited research attention to date. In addition, there is considerable evidence that the debates
on IS strategy in academia and practice are largely different and independent from each other.
This observation motivates us to look into the existing research on IS strategy and its
relationship to practice in greater detail. Our analysis reveals that academic conceptions of IS
strategy do not seem to have much in common with how IS strategy practitioners interpret the
construct. Both worlds seem to have coexisted independently alongside one another for a long
time. This divergence leads to a number of problematic outcomes, not least of which is a
considerable lack of relevance and acceptance of academic research in practice. Based on an
intensive study of IS strategy perceptions in both academia and practice, we make suggestions
on how IS strategy research should be reinvented in order that it may produce more reliable as
well as practically useful and relevant insights in the face of the challenges of the 21st century.
We concentrate these suggestions in four major propositions: (1) Strategy over Strategizing,
demanding to develop an understanding of the construct of IS strategy first before focusing on
SISP as the process developing it, (2) Strategy in vivo over Strategy in vitro, demanding to
develop a fresh understanding of the construct of IS strategy by conducting research in the field
instead of relying on strategy interpretations that are preconfigured by a small number of
prevailing strategy models and theories, (3) Empiricism over Idealism, demanding that intensive
field research on IS strategy should be conducted starting with deep small-scale explorative
studies aiming at new insights instead of large-scale confirmatory surveys that test pre-existing
hypotheses, (4) Sustainability over Competitiveness, demanding to relinquish the academic
predilection for research on competitive aspects of IT in favor of issues that are much more
relevant in practice, such as efficiency, reliability, serviceability and sustainability of a company's
IT-based infrastructure
Proteste homosexueller Studierender in Münster:Eine Untersuchung am Beispiel der bundesweit ersten Homosexuellen-Demonstration am 29. April 1972 in Münster
No full textQuantification of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging in General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery
No full textNear-infrared (NIR) imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) has proven to be useful in general, visceral, and transplant surgery. However, most studies have performed only qualitative assessments. Therefore, a systematic overview of all studies performing quantitative indocyanine green evaluation in general, visceral, and transplant surgeries should be conducted. Free term and medical subject heading (MeSH) term searches were performed in the Medline and Cochrane databases until October 2022. The main categories of ICG quantification were esophageal surgery (24.6%), reconstructive surgery (24.6%), and colorectal surgery (21.3%). Concordantly, anastomotic leak (41%) was the main endpoint, followed by the assessment of flap perfusion (23%) and the identification of structures and organs (14.8%). Most studies examined open surgery (67.6%) or laparoscopic surgery (23.1%). The analysis was mainly carried out using manufacturer software (44.3%) and open-source software (15.6%). The most frequently analyzed parameter was intensity over time for blood flow assessment, followed by intensity alone or intensity-to-background ratios for structure and organ identification. Intraoperative ICG quantification could become more important with the increasing impact of robotic surgery and machine learning algorithms for image and video analysis
Optical second-order skyrmionic hopfion
No full textDue to their topological stability and spatial confinement, particle-like field configurations have gained significant interest in many areas of physics. Only recently, the first skyrmionic hopfion was proposed in light, but its higher-order analog in optics has stayed a theoretical construct so far, and direct experimental observations also prove difficult in non-optical systems. Here we overcome this challenge by the experimental realization and analysis of a second-order skyrmionic hopfion in the polarization and phase texture of a paraxial light field in three-dimensional space. Thereby, we exemplify advanced control of observed parameters in a localized space, pioneering further experimental studies on higher-order hopfions in optics and beyond
Perception and Acceptance of Shade Variances in the Smile
No full text(1) This study aimed to evaluate the influences of differences in denture teeth shade on harmony ratings and esthetic quality. Particular attention was paid to the question of how the overall variance of shade differences in the dental arch influences the perception of shade differences between adjacent teeth. (2) A total of 51 pictures of upper front teeth with standardized different colors of the left central incisor and different color variance of the dental arch were created. Eighty participants without dental knowledge and of different age, sex and educational level rated the pictures on a visual analogue scale from 0 (strongly disagree) to 100 (strongly agree) with regards to esthetic and color equality. (3) Results: The color differences between two teeth were judged in a negative linear correlation to the evaluation of color and esthetic quality. There was a sex- and education-specific difference in color and harmony ratings. In relation to the age of the participants, there was a significant difference in the color rating (p = 0.01) but not in the harmony rating (p = 0.27). Lower rating of color difference and harmony was found for a color difference in the dental arch up to ΔE = 3.1. In contrast, higher color differences resulted in higher ratings. (4) There is an influence of personal parameters on color perception. Color inhomogeneity in a dental arch leads to significant differences in color and harmony rating in a non-linear relation
Problemlösen in der Tradition von Pólya:Tagungsband der gemeinsamen Herbsttagung 2023 der GDM-Arbeitskreise Mathematiklehren und -lernen in Ungarn und Problemlösen
No full text"Problemlösen" und "Pólya" – das sind zweifellos untrennbare Stichworte. Dass die neunte Herbsttagung des GDM-Arbeitskreises Problemlösen gemeinsam mit dem GDM-Arbeitskreis Mathematik lehren und lernen in Ungarn in George Pólyas Geburtsstadt Budapest stattfand, erscheint vor diesem Hintergrund umso passender. Ein Hauptvortrag von Péter Juhász zur Talententdeckung und Talentförderung in Ungarn, 19 Kurzvorträge, eine Postersession, ein gemeinsames Konferenzdinner sowie anregende Gespräche boten den Teilnehmenden viele Gelegenheiten zum Austausch, Diskutieren und Vernetzen. Dabei war das Motto der Tagung "Problemlösen in der Mathematik: Impulse aus der ungarischen Tradition" stets präsent. In dem vorliegenden Tagungsband werden einige der vielfältigen und anregenden Beiträge der Teilnehmenden aufgegriffen
Protestgeschichte(n) in Westfalen nach 1945:Ein Projekt im Rahmen des Studiums im Alter an der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster
No full textVon Fridays for Future bis zu den Querdenkern: Die Gründe, warum Menschen heute öffentlich protestieren, sind genauso vielfältig wie sie selbst und die Art und Weisen, in denen sie das tun. Das war in der Geschichte nicht anders. Eines haben die unterschiedlichen Proteste jedoch gemeinsam: Die Menschen, die protestieren, sind mit dem Status Quo unzufrieden und fordern Politik und Gesellschaft heraus. Und häufig verändern sie sie so.
Aus diesem Blickwinkel heraus beschäftigte sich eine Gruppe von acht Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmern des Studiums im Alter an der Universität Münster vom Sommersemester 2022 bis zum Wintersemester 2023/24 in einem Seminar "Forschenden Lernens" mit der Geschichte des Protests in Westfalen. Selbstständig haben die Studierenden zwei Jahre lang in Archiven und Bibliotheken geforscht, Zeitzeugen interviewt und sich anhand regional- und lokalgeschichtlicher Beispiele mit der westfälischen Protestgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts befasst
Quantitative Phase Imaging as Sensitive Screening Method for Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity Assessment
No full textThe assessment of nanoparticle cytotoxicity is challenging due to the lack of customized and standardized guidelines for nanoparticle testing. Nanoparticles, with their unique properties, can interfere with biochemical test methods, so multiple tests are required to fully assess their cellular effects. For a more reliable and comprehensive assessment, it is therefore imperative to include methods in nanoparticle testing routines that are not affected by particles and allow for the efficient integration of additional molecular techniques into the workflow. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM), an interferometric variant of quantitative phase imaging (QPI), has been demonstrated as a promising method for the label-free assessment of the cytotoxic potential of nanoparticles. Due to minimal interactions with the sample, DHM allows for further downstream analyses. In this study, we investigated the capabilities of DHM in a multimodal approach to assess cytotoxicity by directly comparing DHM-detected effects on the same cell population with two downstream biochemical assays. Therefore, the dry mass increase in RAW 264.7 macrophages and NIH-3T3 fibroblast populations measured by quantitative DHM phase contrast after incubation with poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles for 24 h was compared to the cytotoxic control digitonin, and cell culture medium control. Viability was then determined using a metabolic activity assay (WST-8). Moreover, to determine cell death, supernatants were analyzed for the release of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH assay). In a comparative analysis, in which the average half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of the nanocarriers on the cells was determined, DHM was more sensitive to the effect of the nanoparticles on the used cell lines compared to the biochemical assays
Radiomics-Based Prediction of TERT Promotor Mutations in Intracranial High-Grade Meningiomas
No full textPurpose: In meningiomas, TERT promotor mutations are rare but qualify the diagnosis of anaplasia, directly impacting adjuvant therapy. Effective screening for patients at risk for promotor mutations could enable more targeted molecular analyses and improve diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Semiautomatic segmentation of intracranial grade 2/3 meningiomas was performed on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Discriminatory power to predict TERT promoter mutations was analyzed using a random forest algorithm with an increasing number of radiomic features. Two final models with five and eight features with both fixed and differing radiomics features were developed and adjusted to eliminate random effects and to avoid overfitting. Results: A total of 117 image sets including training (N = 94) and test data (N = 23) were analyzed. To eliminate random effects and demonstrate the robustness of our approach, data partitioning and subsequent model development and testing were repeated a total of 100 times (each time with repartitioned training and independent test data). The established five- and eight-feature models with both fixed and different radiomics features enabled the prediction of TERT with similar but excellent performance. The five-feature (different/fixed) model predicted TERT promotor mutation status with a mean AUC of 91.8%/94.3%, mean accuracy of 85.5%/88.9%, mean sensitivity of 88.6%/91.4%, mean specificity of 83.2%/87.0%, and a mean Cohen’s Kappa of 71.0%/77.7%. The eight-feature (different/fixed) model predicted TERT promotor mutation status with a mean AUC of 92.7%/94.6%, mean accuracy of 87.3%/88.9%, mean sensitivity of 89.6%/90.6%, mean specificity of 85.5%/87.5%, and a mean Cohen’s Kappa of 74.4%/77.6%. Of note, the addition of further features of up to N = 8 only slightly increased the performance. Conclusions: Radiomics-based machine learning enables prediction of TERT promotor mutation status in meningiomas with excellent discriminatory performance. Future analyses in larger cohorts should include grade 1 lesions as well as additional molecular alterations
Rankings of Persons, Institutions and Journals:Lecture at the Doctoral Graduation Ceremony of the School of Business and Economics in the Auditorium of the Palace on 24 April 2013
No full textIn der Wissenschaft lassen sich Wissenschaftler, Fachbereiche, Universitäten und Zeitschriften ranken. Ergebnisse für die BWL an der Universität Münster und ihre höchstgerankten Professoren, für die VWL und WI, die ganze Universität und für deutsche BWL-Zeitschriften werden vorgestellt.In academia, scientists, departments, universities and journals can be ranked. Results for business administration at the University of Münster and its highest-ranked professors, for economics and information systems, the entire university and for German business administration journals are presented