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Pionierarbeiten zum digital gestützten Lernen im Islamischen Religionsunterricht:Soziale Medien, Medienkompetenz und Medienmündigkeit für das digital gestützte Lernen in Schule und Fachunterricht
No full textPosition of the ISTENT Inject® Trabecular Micro-Bypass System Visualized with the NIDEK GS-1 Gonioscope—A Postoperative Analysis
No full textGlaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness globally and is characterized by the gradual loss of retinal ganglion cells. The primary risk factor for the development and progression of glaucoma is increased intraocular pressure (IOP). Numerous surgical interventions exist to lower IOP should conservative therapy fail. One trend in recent years has been minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) as an alternative to traditional methods. The ISTENT inject® is an ab interno trabecular micro-bypass implant designed to be implanted through the trabecular meshwork into the Schlemm’s canal to lower IOP. The aim of the study was the postoperative visualization and description of the positioning of the ISTENT inject® using automated circumferential goniophotography. Patients with symptomatic cataracts and mild to moderate primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEX), and pigment-dispersion glaucoma were included who underwent combined cataract surgery with the ISTENT inject® and received postoperative automated gonioscopy with the NIDEK Gonioscope GS-1 to visualize the location of the implant. Twenty-four implants of 14 eyes in 11 patients could be visualized. Out of the implants, 14.3% were in the trabecular meshwork, 46.4% were at the border between the trabecular meshwork and scleral spur, 25% were below the trabecular meshwork, and 14.3% of the implants were not detectable in the gonioscopy. In the overall cohort, a statistically significant IOP reduction was found over the 12-month postoperative observation period. Even in three eyes, in each of which both stents were located below the trabecular meshwork, an IOP reduction over 12 months was observed compared to the baseline IOP. In this study, vertical two-dimensional positioning of the ISTENT inject® was performed for the first time using NIDKE GS-1 automated 360° goniophotography. The method is suitable for postoperative visualization, control, and documentation of positioning after ISTENT inject® implantation. Further studies are needed to analyze the correlation between positioning of the ISTENT inject® in the chamber angle and postoperative IOP reduction
Pusteblume als Rohstoff: Löwenzahn als alternative Naturkautschuk-Quelle:Interview mit Prof. Dr. Dirk Prüfer
No full textNaturkautschuk aus Löwenzahn gewinnen, anstatt ihn aus entlegenen Tropenregionen zu importieren – an dieser Idee arbeiten Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler rund um Prof. Dr. Dirk Prüfer vom Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen der WWU Münster. Im Podcast berichtet der Biologe von der Entwicklung dieses besonderen Forschungsprojekts: "Wir wurden am Anfang häufig belächelt. Viele hielten den Anbau von Löwenzahn zur Kautschukgewinnung für eine verrückte Idee." Etwa 15 Jahre später ist das Projekt für den diesjährigen Deutschen Zukunftspreis nominiert, der am 17. November 2021 verliehen wird
Recessively Inherited Deficiency of Secreted WFDC2 (HE4) Causes Nasal Polyposis and Bronchiectasis
No full textRationale: Bronchiectasis is a pathological dilatation of the bronchi in the respiratory airways associated with environmental or genetic causes (e.g., cystic fibrosis, primary ciliary dyskinesia and primary immunodeficiency disorders), but most cases remain idiopathic. Objectives: To identify novel genetic defects in unsolved cases of bronchiectasis presenting with severe rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis, and pulmonary 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa' infection. Methods: DNA was analyzed by next-generation or targeted Sanger sequencing. RNA was analyzed by quantitative PCR and single-cell RNA sequencing. Patient-derived, cells, cell cultures and secretions (mucus, saliva, seminal fluid) were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy, and mucociliary activity was measured. Blood serum was analyzed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Protein structure and proteomic analyses were used to assess the impact of a disease-causing founder variant. Measurements and Main Results: We identified bi-allelic pathogenic variants in 'WFDC2' in 11 individuals from 10 unrelated families originating from the United States, Europe, Asia, and Africa. Expression of 'WFDC2' was detected predominantly in secretory cells of control airway epithelium and also in submucosal glands. We demonstrate that WFDC2 is below the limit of detection in blood serum and hardly detectable in samples of saliva, seminal fluid, and airway surface liquid from 'WFDC2-deficient' individuals. Computer simulations and deglycosylation assays indicate that the disease-causing founder variant p.Cys49Arg structurally hampers glycosylation and thus secretion of mature WFDC2. Conclusions: 'WFDC2' dysfunction defines a novel molecular etiology of bronchiectasis characterized by the deficiency of a secreted component of the airways. A commercially available blood test combined with genetic testing allows its diagnosis
Große Gefühle – Verhaltensforschung über Tiere:Interview mit Prof. Dr. Norbert Sachser
No full textHunde- und Katzenbesitzer wissen schon lange: Tiere haben eigene Persönlichkeiten und echte Gefühle. Untermauert wird diese Erkenntnis mittlerweile durch die Verhaltensbiologie. Sie hat herausgefunden, dass das Denken und Fühlen von Tieren weitaus komplexer ist als bisher angenommen. Doch was genau empfinden Tiere? Warum ist das Verhältnis zwischen Mensch und Tier so widersprüchlich? Und wie kann Wissenschaft diesen Widerspruch möglicherweise auflösen? Antworten auf diese Fragen gibt Norbert Sachser, Seniorprofessor im Fachbereich Biologie und Verhaltensforscher, im Podcast. Bis zum 29.06. findet eine digitale und öffentliche Veranstaltungsreihe, in deren Mittelpunkt das 2018 publizierte Buch "Der Mensch im Tier" von Norbert Sachser steht. Expertinnen und Experten beleuchten das Verhältnis von Mensch und Tier aus den Blickwinkeln verschiedener Disziplinen wie beispielsweise Philosophie, Geschichte, Recht, Kunst und Literatur
Historische (Dortmunder) Presse online: zeit.punktNRW
No full textDer Beitrag nimmt nach einer kurzen Beschreibung und Einführung in das Zeitungsportal NRW die historischen Zeitungen im Raum Dortmund in den Blick und vergleicht hierbei schlaglichtartig wichtige historische Ereignisse und ihre Berichterstattung in zwei räumlich nahe gelegenen Presseorganen (Dortmunder Zeitung vs. Schwerter Zeitung). Dabei stellt sich heraus, dass die gleichen Ereignisse durchaus unterschiedlich bzw. mit unterschiedlichen Schwerpunkten von der Presse rezipiert und entsprechend auch von den jeweiligen Lesern anders wahrgenommen sein dürften
How Digitalization Drives the IT/IS Strategy Agenda
No full textThroughout the last decade, digitalization has fundamentally transformed the business world and
put into question traditional strategy wisdom. As (digital) information technologies (IT) are the
drivers of this transformation, we can expect it to have an even more profound influence on IT/IS
strategy thinking. While several scholars have acknowledged the fundamental changes induced
by digitalization on the conceptual level, research on emerging IT/IS strategy contents is still
missing. This paper intends to fill this gap by revealing both practically relevant and theoretically
valid concerns worth considering when developing IT/IS strategies for/in the digital age. Based
on a working definition of digitalization, we present a set of hypotheses on how IT/IS strategies
might respond to trends in digitalization. We also put these hypotheses to discussion in ten
interviews with IT/IS managers in practice. Our research adds to a better understanding of the
complex phenomenon of digitalization and its implications for IT/IS strategy development. Our
research responds to calls for a stronger focus on strategy contents and more practice-oriented
IT/IS strategy research
Ihr Artikel oder Buch in Gold oder Grün:Tipps für das Open-Access-Publizieren (nicht nur) in den Geisteswissenschaften
No full textWissenschaftler*innen, die ihre nächste(n) Publikation(en) im Open Access veröffentlichen möchten oder müssen – Stichwort Förderervorgaben –, stehen oft vor einem ganzen Berg von Fragen.
Auf Basis langjähriger Beratungs- und Servicetätigkeiten rund um das Thema Open Access in einer großen Uni-Bibliothek geht es daher im Vortrag um Aspekte wie:
-Wo finde ich Ansprechpartner*innen rund um das Thema Open Access?
-Wie wähle ich ein Journal oder einen Verlag aus?
-Was für Finanzierungsmöglichkeiten gibt es für kostenpflichtige Open-Access-Publikationen?
-Wofür soll ich eigentlich zahlen?
-Worauf ist in Verträgen zu achten?
-Warum ist CC BY vielleicht besser als CC BY-NC-ND?
-Wann kann "grünes" Open Access eine Alternative sein?
-Präsentation für die Webinar-Reihe "Open Access Talk" des BMBF-geförderten Projektes open-access.networ
Improving the Acceptability and Implementation of Information and Communication Technology–Based Health Care Platforms for Older People With Dementia or Parkinson Disease: Qualitative Study Results of Key Stakeholders
No full textBackground: The management of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) in older populations is usually demanding and involves care provision by various health care services, resulting in a greater burden on health care systems in terms of costs and resources. The convergence of various health services within integrated health care models, which are enabled and adopted jointly with information and communication technologies (ICTs), has been identified as an effective alternative health care solution. However, its widespread implementation faces formidable challenges. Both the development and implementation of integrated ICTs are linked to the collaboration and acceptance of different groups of stakeholders beyond patients and health care professionals, with reported discrepancies in the needs and preferences among these groups. Objective: Complementing a previous publication, which reported on the needs and requirements of end users in the development of the European Union–funded project PROCare4Life (Personalized Integrated Care Promoting Quality of Life for Older People), this paper aimed to report on the opinions of other key stakeholders from various fields, including academia, media, market, and decision making, for improving the acceptability and implementation of an integrated ICT-based health care platform supporting the management of NDDs. Methods: The study included 30 individual semistructured interviews that took place between June and August 2020 in 5
European countries (Germany, Italy, Portugal, Romania, and Spain). Interviews were mostly conducted online, except in cases where participants requested to be interviewed in person. In these cases, COVID-19 PROCare4Life safety procedures were applied. Results: This study identified 2 themes and 5 subthemes. User engagement, providing training and education, and the role played by the media were identified as strategic measures to ensure the acceptability of ICT-based health care platforms. Sustainable funding and cooperation with authorities were foreseen as additional points to be considered in the implementation process. Conclusions: The importance of the user-centered design approach in ensuring the involvement of users in the development of ICT-based platforms has been highlighted. The most common challenges that hinder the acceptability and implementation of
ICT-based health care platforms can be addressed by creating synergies among the efforts of users, academic stakeholders, developers, policy makers, and decision makers. To support future projects in developing ICT-based health care platforms, this study outlined the following recommendations that can be integrated when conducting research on users’ needs: (1) properly identify the particular challenges faced by future user groups without neglecting their social and clinical contexts; (2) iteratively assess the digital skills of future users and their acceptance of the proposed platform; (3) align the functionalities of the ICT platform with the real needs of future users; and (4) involve key stakeholders to guide the reflection on how to implement the platform in the future
Interview with ChatGPT about AI at Universities
No full textIm Interview mit ChatGPT geht es um den Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) an Hochschulen, z. B. wie KI in der Lehre eingesetzt werden kann, um Lernprozesse zu verbessern und Studierende zu unterstützen, wie KI in der Forschung genutzt werden kann, um die Effizienz von Prozessen zu erhöhen und neue Erkenntnisse zu gewinnen, und wie KI in der Verwaltung und Selbstverwaltung von Hochschulen verwendet werden kann. Es geht auch um potenzielle Entwicklungen in der KI-Forschung und darum, wie KI die Arbeit von Wissenschaftlern in der Zukunft beeinflussen könnte. Dabei wird von ChatGPT betont, dass der Einsatz von KI stets ethischen Grundsätzen folgen und transparent kommuniziert werden sollte, um das Vertrauen der Nutzerinnen und Nutzer zu gewinnen und zu erhalten.The interview with ChatGPT is about the use of artificial intelligence (AI) at universities, e.g. how AI can be used in teaching to improve learning processes and support students, how AI can be used in research to increase the efficiency of processes and gain new insights, and how AI can be used in administration and self-administration of universities. It is also about potential developments in AI research and how AI could influence the work of scientists in the future. ChatGPT emphasises that the use of AI should always follow ethical principles and be communicated transparently in order to gain and maintain the trust of users