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Preclinical Performance of the Combined Application of Two Robotic Systems in Microsurgery: A Two-center Study
No full textBackground: Recent advancements in the development of robotic devices increasingly draw the attention toward the concept of robotic microsurgery, as several systems tailored to open microsurgery are being introduced. This study describes the combined application of a novel microsurgical robot, the Symani, with a novel robotic microscope, the RoboticScope, for the performance of microvascular anastomoses in a two-center preclinical trial. Methods: Six novices, residents, and experienced microsurgeons (n = 18) performed five anastomoses on 1.0-mm-diameter silicone vessels with a conventional versus combined robotic approach, resulting in 180 anastomoses. Microsurgical performance was evaluated, analyzing surgical time, subjective satisfaction with the anastomosis and robotic setup, anastomosis quality using the anastomosis lapse index score, microsurgical skills using the Structured Assessment of Microsurgery Skills score, and surgical ergonomics using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment score. Results: All participants significantly improved their performance during the trial and quickly adapted to the novel systems. Surgical time significantly decreased, whereas satisfaction with the anastomosis and setup improved over time. The use of robotic systems was associated with fewer microsurgical errors and enhanced anastomosis quality. Especially novices demonstrated accelerated skill acquisition upon robotic assistance compared with conventional microsurgery. Moreover, upper extremity positioning was significantly improved. Overall, the robotic approach was subjectively preferred by participants. Conclusions: The concept of robotic microsurgery holds great potential to improve precision and ergonomics in microsurgery. This two-center trial provides promising evidence for a steep learning curve upon introduction of robotic microsurgery systems, suggesting further pursuit of their clinical integration
Implementing the WiPo Architecture
No full textInformation available online has exploded over the last 20 years. However this lead to the phenomenon known as information overload, making it harder and harder for organisations and individuals to find information that is really relevant to them. We previously have proposed a solution to this problem by presenting a framework that does not answer queries solely based on a pre-assembled index, but based on a subject-specific database that is sourced from the Internet, curated by domain experts, and dynamically generated based on vast user input. In this paper we describe our prototypic implementation of an information platform that delivers high quality information to users, achieved by means of curation
Inelastic electron scattering in tritium gas and ppm-precise energy scale at the KATRIN experiment
No full textDas Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) Experiment bestimmt die Neutrinomasse
durch Messung der Endpunktregion des Tritiumbetazerfallsspektrums. Gegenwärtig
wird bei KATRIN Statistik gesammelt und gleichzeitig wird versucht, Systematiken
zu verringern, um eine Sensitivität von 0,2 eV/c² (90% C.L.) erreichen zu
können.
Einer der systematischen Effekte ist die inelastische Streuung von
Betazerfallselektronen an Tritiummolekülen. Dieser Effekt wird in der
vorliegenden Dissertation durch In-situ-Messungen mit einer Elektronenkanone
charakterisiert.
Ein weiterer Effekt sind Instabilitäten im Retardierungspotential des
Spektrometers, welche zu einer Verbreiterung der Transmissionsfunktion
führen. Das Potential wird im Rahmen der Dissertation mit einer Regelschleife
stabilisiert und die gesamte Messkette wird kalibriert.
Des Weiteren wird eine neuartige Methode zur Bestimmung der Übergangsenergien
von Krypton-83m entworfen. Außerhalb von KATRIN gemessene Werte für diese
Energien dienten bereits als Referenz bei der Kalibrierung der Energieskala,
doch KATRINs volles Potential lässt sich mit ihnen wegen ihrer vergleichsweise
geringeren Genauigkeit nicht ausschöpfen. Bei erfolgreicher Ausführung der
vorgeschlagenen Messung wäre eine Präzisionsverbesserung um eine Größenordnung
erreicht.The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment determines the neutrino mass
by measuring the endpoint region of the tritium beta-decay spectrum. Currently,
statistics are being accumulated at KATRIN, and efforts are being made to reduce
systematic effects in order to reach a sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c² (90% C.L.).
One of the systematic effects is the inelastic scattering of beta-decay
electrons on tritium molecules, which is characterized in the present thesis by
way of in-situ measurements with an electron gun.
Another effect arises from instabilities of the spectrometer's retarding
potential, which lead to a broadening of the transmission function. The
potential is in the context of the present thesis stabilized with a regulation
loop and the full measurement chain is calibrated.
Furthermore, a novel way of determining the transition energies of krypton-83m
is devised. Values for these energies, measured outside of KATRIN, served
already as references for calibrating the energy scale, but KATRIN's full
potential cannot be unleashed with them because of their relatively lower
precision. Successful execution of the proposed measurement would yield an
order-of-magnitude improvement in precision
In situ TEM studies of relaxation dynamics and crystal nucleation in thin film nanoglasses
No full textCrystallization processes of glass-glass interfaces in sputtered CuZr thin film nanoglasses were directly studied using in situ heating experiments in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). By combining the in situ technique with a sophisticated symmetry analysis based on nanobeam diffraction patterns (NBDP) and electron correlation microscopy (ECM) to capture the relaxation dynamics in the nanoglass, correlations between excess volume and nucleation kinetics are attained on a microscopic scale. Particularly, glass-glass interfaces with their increased excess volume promote the onset of crystal nucleation
Annual Report 2023
No full textDer Jahresbericht des Käte Hamburger Kollegs "Einheit und Vielfalt im Recht" an der Universität Münster berichtet über Aktivitäten, Fellows, Forschungsthemen, Veranstaltungen und Publikationen im Jahr 2023.The annual report of the Käte Hamburger Kolleg "Legal Unity and Pluralism" at the University of Münster provides information on activites, fellows, research topics, events, and publications in 2023
Klausuren des Instituts für Organisationsökonomik
No full textDie jeweils aktuellsten Klausuren der verschiedenen Vorlesungen am Institut für Organisationsökonomik der letzten fünf Jahre werden wiedergegeben, um sich z. B. besser auf die
nächsten Klausuren mit entsprechendem Aufbau vorbereiten zu können.The most current exams from the various lectures at the Institute for Organisational
Economics over the last five years are reproduced, for example to be able to prepare better for
the next exams with the same structure
Language Use and Language Perceptions in Social Media Marketing:A Case Study of Hong Kong Facebook Pages
No full textFokussierend auf das Facebook-Marketing durch die kommerziellen und öffentlichen Sektoren in Hongkong umfasst dieses Projekt zwei Studien, um die wenig erforschten Bereiche des Sprachgebrauchs und der Sprachwahrnehmung im Social-Media-Marketing und im Marketing des öffentlichen Sektors zu untersuchen. Studie I untersucht den Sprachgebrauch in organischen Facebook-Beiträgen, die von gewerblichen und öffentlichen Organisationen veröffentlicht wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Mehrsprachigkeit im Facebook-Marketing in Hongkong sich in der Verwendung von lokalen und ausländischen Sprachen, im Vermischen verschiedener Sprachen sowie in der Gegenüberstellung unterschiedlicher Sprachen und Sprachpraktiken manifestiert. Studie II untersucht mit Hilfe von zwei Fragebogen-Experimenten die Wahrnehmung der Hongkonger von fünf Sprachpraktiken im Facebook-Marketing: die Translanguaging-Praxis von Kongish, monolinguales Englisch, Kantonesisch-Englisches Code-Mixing, monolinguales Kantonesisch und Standard-Chinesisch-Englische Gegenüberstellung. Die Studie deckt die untrennbare Natur des hybridisierten Diskurses auf und plädiert für einen ganzheitlichen Ansatz zur soziolinguistischen Analyse hybridisierter Sprachpraktiken.Focusing on Facebook marketing by the commercial and public sectors in Hong Kong, this project incorporates two studies to address the underresearched areas of language use and language perceptions in social media marketing and public sector marketing. Study I examines language use in organic Facebook posts published by private and public sector organisations. The results reveal that multilingualism in Facebook marketing in Hong Kong is manifested in the use of local and foreign languages, the mixing of various languages, as well as the juxtaposition of different languages and language practices. Study II uses two questionnaire survey experiments to look into Hongkongers’ perceptions of five language practices in Facebook marketing: the translanguaging practice of Kongish, monolingual English, Cantonese-English code-mixing, monolingual Cantonese, and Standard Chinese-English juxtaposition. The study uncovers the inextricable nature of hybridised discourse and advocates a holistic approach to the sociolinguistic analysis of hybridised language practices
Leveraging Large Language Models for Process Modelling in Organizations:A Practical Examination
No full textThis research investigates the potential of using Large Language Models (LLMs) to support process
model creation in organizational contexts. Through a systematic literature review and a case study within a multinational company, we evaluate how LLMs can aid modellers in creating process flow diagrams. To achieve this, we developed the LLM-based chatbot PRODIGY (Process Modelling Guidance for You) that supports process modellers. PRODIGY was used in extensive user studies with process modellers within our case organization. Through our research, we advance the understanding and practical application of LLMs in process modelling, explicitly investigating the context of organizations and the role of process modellers, a perspective largely absent in prior works. This provides actionable insights for organizations aiming to enhance their Business Process Management (BPM) activities
Local models, Mustafin varieties and semi-stable resolutions
No full textOur goal is to analyze singularities of integral models of Shimura varieties. One approach is to construct local models, which model the singularities of the corresponding integral model using linear algebra data and find resolutions with mild singularities thereof. More precisely, we will attack the question of existence of semi-stable resolutions. We will discuss an approach developed by Genestier. In this approach, a candidate for a semi-stable resolution was given as the blow-up of a Grassmannian variety in Schubert varieties of its special fiber. Explicit calculations show that this approach does not work in general. Using the flatness of the local models, we describe these local models as Mustafin varieties for Grassmannian varieties. We combine several results on the structure of Mustafin varieties
for projective spaces with the Plücker embedding to construct a candidate for a semi-stable resolution of local models. Under some additional assumptions, this candidate generalizes the approach suggested by Genestier. Furthermore, under the same assumptions, the new candidate agrees with the semi-stable resolution constructed by Görtz for small dimensions
Long-Term Follow-Up after Iliosacral Screw Fixation of Unstable Pelvic Ring Fractures
No full text(1) Background: High-energy injuries of the pelvic ring are rare. The wide application of iliosacral screw fixation of the posterior pelvic ring is relatively new. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term quality of life. (2) Methods: All patients treated with an iliosacral screw for a posterior pelvic ring stabilization after high-energy trauma at a level 1 trauma center between 2005 and 2015 were included. Pelvic ring injuries were classified according to the Tile classification adapted by AO/ASIF. The clinical evaluation included the patient-oriented questionnaires surveys of the Majeed Score, Iowa Pelvic Score (IPS), Work Ability Index (WAI), SF-36, EQ5D-5L. (3) Results: A total of 84 patients were included with a median follow-up of 130.1 months (IQR 95.0–162.0 months). The median ISS was 22.5 (IQR 16.0–29.0), mean Majeed Score 83.32 (SD ± 19.26), IPS 77.88 (SD ± 13.96), WAI 32.71 (SD ± 11.31), SF-36 PF 71.25 (SD ± 29.61) and EQ5D-5L 0.83 (SD ± 0.21). There was a notably difference between uni- and bilateral pelvic fractures (p = 0.033) as well as a correlation with the ISS (p = 0.043) with inferior functional outcome measured by IPS. (4) Conclusions: Long-term follow-up of iliosacral screw fixation of unstable pelvic ring fractures showed a good quality of life and functional outcome with equal EQ5D-5L results and inferior SF-36 physical functioning compared to the German population