Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
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The sea cucumber fishery in Palawan, Philippines
No full textThis paper presents the nature of sea cucumber fishery in Palawan, Philippines with information on gathering practices, commonly traded species and secondary accounts on wild populations. Current issues on sea cucumber fishery are also presented here along with recommended doable management measures
Female-specific SNP markers provide insights into a WZ/ZZ sex determination system for mud crabs Scylla paramamosain, S. tranquebarica and S. serrata with a rapid method for genetic sex identification
No full textMud crabs, Scylla spp., are commercially important large-size marine crustaceans in the Indo-West Pacific region. As females have the higher growth rate and economic value, the production of all female stocks is extremely essential in aquaculture. However, the sex determination mechanism is still unclear. Development of sex-specific genetic markers based on next-generation sequencing proved to be an effective tool for discovering sex determination system in various animals.This study was supported by the National Key Research & Development Program of China (No. 2018YFD0900201), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31772837), the "Sail Plan" Program for the Introduction of Outstanding Talents of Guangdong Province, China, the Program of Ocean and Fishery Department of Guangdong Province (Yueyu2018-11), the Science and Technology Project of Shantou City (2016-44), the National Program for Support of Top-Notch Young Professionals, the STU Scientific Research Foundation for Talents (No. NTF17006), and the Programme for Innovation and Enhancement of School of Department of Education of Guangdong Province (No. 2017KCXTD014). The funding bodies did not play any roles in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript
Comparative morphology and function of feeding appendages in food intake behaviour of the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii
No full textCombining feeding appendage morphology and behavioural observation of the motion pattern of the feeding appendages clarified many aspects underlying the feeding processes of the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) and the marine whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in aquaria. The food intake behaviour was video recorded during eating pellet food, pieces of fresh squid and fish. While M. rosenbergii took pellet one by one, L. vannamei picked up many pellets at one time and held them at the mouth with the 3rd maxilliped endopods and the 1st walking legs. Both species used the right chelate walking legs rather than the left walking legs to pick up the food. The 3rd walking legs of L. vannamei were longest and heaviest among the chelate walking legs but their major role was not for feeding but for feeding contests aggression. While M. rosenbergii easily crunched pellets by the mandibles, L. vannamei did not crunch pellets due to the softer and not strong mandibles and frequently spat out them, indicating that the present hard pellets are not suitable for L. vannamei. Both species kept a piece of elastic fresh squid or fish flesh at the mouth and tore the food into small pieces with the help of repeated pulling down motion of the 3rd maxilliped endopods. However, the mandible teeth of the two spices were not sharp enough to gnaw off the fibrous muscle in one bite. The 2nd and 3rd maxilliped endopods were used for holding food at the mouth and did not contribute to mastication of food. The 2nd and 3rd maxilliped exopods exhibited the horizontal fanning motion, which a unidirectional water flow moving backwards in the gill chamber (visualized with milk). The maxilliped exopods were found to contribute not to feeding but ventilation. Based on the results obtained, development of softer pellets was recommended for L. vannamei
Establishing adaptive strategies towards a climate-resilient seaweed farming: A case in Panobolon Island, Guimaras, Philippines
No full textSeaweeds are ecologically important primary producers, competitors, and ecosystem engineers (Harley et al., 2012), support complex food webs in coastal zones, and provide habitats and food for associated organisms, from apex predators to invertebrates (Reisewitz, Estes, & Simenstad, 2006). Seaweeds are intimately linked to human cultural and economic systems via the provision of ecosystem goods and services ranging from food, medicine, to cosmetics (Pickering, 2006) and storm protection (Rönnbäck, et al., 2007). There is strong scientific consensus that coastal marine ecosystems, along with the goods and services they provide, are threatened by anthropogenic global climate change (IPCC, 2001). However, the impacts of ongoing and future anthropogenic climate change in seaweeddominated ecosystems remain poorly understood (Harley et al., 2012). It is therefore, timely and relevant to provide better understanding of the experiences of seaweed farmers and their capacity to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from the impact of natural hazards (Blaikie, Cannon, Davis, & Wisner, 1994). The Philippine-based SEAFDEC/AQD is currently conducting a three-year (2015-2018) study on the economic benefits and losses of seaweed farming due to climate change indicators. With pilot site in Panobolon Island, Nueva Valencia, Guimaras, Philippines, the study highlights the adaptive strategies and the effects of climatic change on the productivity of small-scale seaweed growers in a community
The Philippines recommends for tilapia
No full textTilapia is one of the most commercially important commodities in fisheries and aquaculture.
Although tilapia is relatively easy to propagate and culture, the Philippine tilapia industry needs the necessary boost in the quality and quantity of production outputs. Years of local tilapia R&D works have generated several innovative field-tested breeding and farming methods, which when adopted on-farm, may help the tilapia industry attain its goals.
PCAARRD, with the help of a technical team of experts has come up with an updated compilation of the latest working technologies in tilapia breeding and farming. It is hoped that fish farm technicians, students, fish farm managers/operators, and aquaculturists will benefit fully from this publication, apply the recommended techniques, and as such, contribute further to the success of the tilapia industry in the Philippines
