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AIDAinnova Course on Quantum Applications
No full textIn my talk I will cover all aspects related to how an integrated Time-of-Flight sensor is designed and implemented. I will describe all aspects of pixel and sensors architecture in relation to addressing the needs of the application and all the important considerations that need to be made when going from simulation to real world implementation.
Sara PELLEGRINI PhD STMicroelectronics
Senior Member of Technical Staff
Imaging Sub-Group | Imaging Strategy Office |
Communication and Academic Collaborations Manage
Uncertainty: CERN Art and Science Summit, an event curated by Arts at CERN
No full textThe CERN Art and Science Summit highlights the achievement of CERN’s forward-thinking approach to arts and creativity. Following the inaugural Summit in 2024, the second edition brought together a selected group of guests, including artists who participated in Arts at CERN’s programmes. This year’s theme, Uncertainty, aligns with UNESCO’s declaration of 2025 as the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology. This initiative celebrates the impacts of quantum science, marking a century since a group of scientists laid the foundations of quantum physics in Europe. Quantum physics describes nature in all its extraordinary complexity, and artists have assumed an important role in this process. Over recent decades, it has gained a significant impact on contemporary culture. It’s well known that it has affected the tropes of art, philosophy, film and literature. This cultural impact reflects society’s growing interest in fundamental research and physics. Within this thematic framework, guest speakers and attendees will be invited to explore the world of physics, the ‘quantum moment’, and its vast influence on culture. The CERN Art and Science Summit is curated annually by the Arts at CERN team. As a renowned platform for the intersection of arts and sciences, Arts at CERN fosters engagement and discussion between artists and scientists
Evidence for similar collectivity of high transverse momentum particles in pPb and PbPb collisions
No full textCharged hadron elliptic anisotropies () are presented over a wide transverse momentum () range for proton-lead (pPb) and lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 8.16 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment and correspond to integrated luminosities of 186 nb and 0.607 nb for the pPb and PbPb systems, respectively. A four-particle cumulant analysis is performed using subevents separated in pseudorapidity to effectively suppress non-collective effects. At high ( 8 GeV), significant positive values are observed that are similar between pPb and PbPb collisions at comparable charged particle multiplicities. This observation suggests a common origin for the multi-particle collectivity for high- particles in the two systems.Charged hadron elliptic anisotropies () are presented over a wide transverse momentum () range for proton-lead (pPb) and lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 8.16 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment and correspond to integrated luminosities of 186 nb and 0.607 nb for the pPb and PbPb systems, respectively. A four-particle cumulant analysis is performed using subevents separated in pseudorapidity to effectively suppress non-collective effects. At high ( 8 GeV), significant positive values are observed that are similar between pPb and PbPb collisions at comparable charged particle multiplicities. This observation suggests a common origin for the multi-particle collectivity for high- particles in the two systems
Adoption of ROOT RNTuple for the next main event data storage technology in the ATLAS production framework Athena
No full textSince the start of LHC in 2008, the ATLAS experiment has relied on ROOT to provide storage technology for all its processed event data. Internally, ROOT files are organized around TTree structures that are capable of storing complex C++ objects. The capabilities of TTrees developed over the years and are now offering support for advanced concepts like polymorphism, schema evolution and user defined collections and ATLAS makes use of these features to handle its EDM. But some original TTrees concepts, like the POSIX file model and sequential writing, remain unchanged since the beginning and could be an obstacle to achieving the performance required for High Luminosity LHC. With the HL-LHC performance goals in mind, the ROOT project developed a new storage format - the RNTuple. RNTuple, with its accompanying user API, is now in the final development stage and is planned to be production-ready at the end of 2024. Soon after that, the TTree will become a legacy format. ATLAS intends to have its main Event processing framework Athena ready to use RNTuple in the production environment as early as possible. The work on adopting RNTuple as another ROOT storage technology in Athena started already in 2021 and is now nearly complete. Although the initial goal was to focus on derived-AOD products (PHYS and PHYSLITE), with a little added effort all ATLAS data products: RDO, HITS, ESD, AOD and DAOD can be now stored in RNTuple format and transparently read back. In this paper we will describe the current state of RNTuple adoption in the Athena framework and explain the ATLAS EDM requirements that had to be met on the ROOT side to successfully integrate both environments. We will demonstrate the ability to run standard ATLAS production workflows, based on RNTuple as the Event data storage technology, and point out key advantages of the new format
Pileup mitigation in Hadron Forward calorimeter at the Level-1 trigger of the CMS experiment for the HL-LHC
No full textThe high luminosity operation of the LHC will deliver collisions with a luminosity about 10 times the original design value. This poses a big challenge for trigger and data acquisition due to nearly 200 overlapping collisions, called pile up, within the same bunch crossing. Disentanglement of the pileup particles from those of interesting physics processes is achieved by implementing the Pile-Up Per Particle Identification (PUPPI) algorithm. We present the strategy for implementation of PUPPI at the Level-1 (L1) trigger, focusing on the Hadron Forward (HF) Calorimeter detector of the CMS experiment. The main features of the custom firmware developed for this purpose is discussed
Symmetric Product Orbifold Universality and the Mirage of an Emergent Spacetime
No full textWe study thermal two-point functions and four-point functions involving two heavy twisted operators and two light probes in symmetric product orbifolds. We identify cases where they are universal at large , that is, they are only sensitive to the orbifold structure. Surprisingly, such observables mimic correlators obtained from the BTZ background, even though symmetric product orbifolds are not dual to semi-classical gravity. We discuss the interpretation of these results in light of the criteria for emergence of spacetime via Von Neumann algebras. Our analysis implies that a condition on the infinite thermal two-point functions cannot be stringent enough to define an emergent spacetime and the concept of a sharp horizon
First beam screen and vacuum coating for High-Luminosity LHC
No full textFirst beam screen completed in SMA18 for the High-Luminosity LHC magnets on the Inner-triplet (IT) String. Copper thin film is deposited on components for the accelerator in a pulsed argon plasma configuration. Green light is generated by ionized copper atoms. The photo collection also features the Beam Positioning Monitor for HL-LHC, after plated in copper and gold in the surface treatment facility
Neutron capture measurements for s-process nucleosynthesis; A review about CERN n_TOF developments and contributions
No full textThis article presents a review about the main CERN n_TOF contributions to the field of neutron-capture experiments of interest for -process nucleosynthesis studies over the last 25 years, with special focus on the measurement of radioactive isotopes. A few recent capture experiments on stable isotopes of astrophysical interest are also discussed. Results on -process branching nuclei are appropriate to illustrate how advances in detection systems and upgrades in the facility have enabled increasingly challenging experiments and, as a consequence, have led to a better understanding and modeling of the -process mechanism of nucleosynthesis. New endeavors combining radioactive-ion beams from ISOLDE for the production of radioisotopically pure samples for activation experiments at the new NEAR facility at n_TOF are briefly discussed. On the basis of these new exciting results, also current limitations of state-of-the-art TOF and activation techniques will be depicted, thereby showing the pressing need for further upgrades and enhancements on both facilities and detection systems. A brief account of the potential technique based on inverse kinematics for direct neutron-capture measurements is also presented