HAL: Hyper Article en Ligne
Not a member yet
3159010 research outputs found
Sort by
Conditional political legislation cycles
No full textInternational audienceThe Political Legislation Cycles theory predicts peaks of legislative production before elections, as incumbents adopt vote-maximizing strategies to secure reelection. Like for budget cycles, legislative cycles can be interpreted as quantitative evidence of a dynamic inefficiency in the agency relationship between voters and politicians. This paper presents the first panel test of PLC theory, to identify which institutional features generate this inefficiency, exploiting a newly assembled dataset of the legislative activity of twenty electoral democracies, mainly from 1975 to 2010s. The estimates show that the total number of laws decreases at the beginning of a legislature and significantly increases near its end, generally 6 months before, with magnitudes of the cycles varying across countries. These cross-countries variations appear correlated with electoral systems (PR electoral systems generating cycles 67% greater than majoritarian), government systems, with presidential democracies being characterized by larger cycles especially when governments are divided, and with the degree of fiscal decentralization, with highly decentralized countries showing a legislative cycles 64 % greater. Finally, the level of democracy affects PLC in a nonlinear way. These results provide a quantitative guidance to constitutional reforms aimed at increasing efficiency in the representation of voters' preferences in democracie
L’engagement des adjoints de direction d’établissement scolaire public et privé
No full textInternational audienc
Multi-objective multi-product process planning with reconfigurable machines: Exact and metaheuristic approaches
No full textInternational audienc
Filamin a binds deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) to promote its tumor suppressor activity and inhibit the SRF coactivator MRTF-A
No full textInternational audienceFilamin A (FLNA) is an actin binding protein that organizes the cytoskeleton and controls many fundamental biological processes, such as cell migration and adhesion. The interaction between FLNA and the Myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) promotes the activity of serum response factor (SRF) and cell migration. MRTF-A and SRF play an important role for tumor growth and senescence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we identified a novel interaction between FLNA and the tumor suppressor Deleted in Liver Cancer 1 (DLC1) in vitro and in vivo in organoids and mapped the regions of interaction between DLC1 and FLNA. Association with FLNA enhanced DLC1 RhoGAP function, impaired SRF transcriptional activity, and induced cellular senescence. We found a novel molecular switch between the DLC1-FLNA and the MRTF-A-FLNA complexes that is mediated by FLNA phosphorylation at serine 2152. We generated DLC1 binding peptides that dissociate the MRTF-A-FLNA complex and favor the novel DLC1-FLNA complex by preventing actin polymerization and FLNA phosphorylation at serine 2152. Since FLNA phosphorylation at serine 2152 was increased in mouse xenografts, reinforcing the DLC1-FLNA complex by targeting FLNA phosphorylation at serine 2152 represents a promising therapeutic approach for HCC treatment
Variable Threshold-Oriented Event-Triggered Cluster Consensus for Groups of Multiagent Systems
No full textInternational audienceThis article investigates the leader–following cluster consensus for generic linear heterogeneous multiagent systems (MASs). Unlike the existing research, a novel event-triggered (ET) control mechanism is designed and developed on the transmission side of the agents, over directed communication topologies, to reduce communication load. For this purpose, a variable threshold function as the fully distributed ET condition (ETC) is suggested, which provides a smooth transition and considers both maximum and minimum threshold levels for triggering. A relative-state feedback-based cluster consensus control protocol is designed by considering the cooperative and competitive interaction behavior of agents. Then, the convergence analysis is performed by utilizing the Lyapunov method. This work is then further extended for the ET observer-based output feedback cluster consensus problem. The proposed ETC naturally eliminates the Zeno behavior for each agent. In contrast to existing methods, a variable threshold-based ET scheme, a cooperation-competition network, and an elimination of Zeno behavior for both state-based and output-based methods have been considered for the leader–following cluster consensus. Finally, illustrative examples are used to validate the theoretical results
Nondeterminism in Interactive Markov Chains, with Application to the Erlangen Mainframe
No full textInternational audienc
Point-of-care testing for early detection of sepsis: a systematic literature review
No full textInternational audienceEarly detection of sepsis is critical for improving patient outcomes and reducing mortality. This includes the development of rapid, portable, and cost-effective point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools. Recent advances in biosensors, microfluidics, and lab-on-a-chip (LOC) platforms, along with improvements in data analytics, have paved the way for novel POC systems. To evaluate research trends and technological progress in this field, we conducted a comprehensive literature search in Web of Science and Scopus databases from inception to September 2024. The strategy ("*Sepsis*" OR "Septic*") AND ("Point-of-care*" OR "POC*") yielded 3,052 records; after applying inclusion criteria for 2000-2024, 365 studies were selected. The review is organized into two sections: (i) classification of sepsis across four analytical dimensions and (ii) diagnostic strategies, including platforms and targeted biomarkers. Among the diagnostic approaches, biosensors accounted for the largest share (43%), followed by chip-based platforms (25%) and molecular diagnostic tools (13%). Trend analysis shows a sharp rise over the last decade, particularly in biosensor-based systems. Nevertheless, gaps persist in clinical validation, real-time detection, and integration with digital health technologies. Future work should focus on fully integrated POC tools with improved accuracy and usability to support timely decision-making in sepsis care
On the identification of rigid body boundary conditions from full-field measurements
No full textInternational audienceThis study presents a method to identify Dirichlet boundary conditions (BCs) and constitutive parameters from heterogeneous experimental data, solving a multi-objective optimization problem. The BCs are parameterized as remote rigid body motions leading to a very low number of unknowns and allowing for faster convergence. This methods enables for accurate models of material and structural tests to be obtained. A comparison with classical methods of BC determination is introduced, demonstrating the advantages of the proposed approach. The identified models are evaluated by introducing a validation metric based on experimental data and their uncertainties. The approach is illustrated by using a multi-instrumented tensile test on a well-characterized material. Beyond this validation example, the introduced method paves the way for improved model updating of large-scale tests
Flash Profile method, is it suitable for complex multi-layered products? Application to strawberry-filled biscuits: a “SWEET project”
No full textInternational audienceComposite foods are consumed daily, but understanding their sensory properties is a major challenge. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of Flash Profile (FP) method to characterize strawberry-filled biscuits properties, in a context of sugar reduction. Investigations were carried out on fillings (with/without added sugar, with/ without strawberry aroma), then biscuits (with sugar or maltitol or sorbitol, with/without vanilla aroma) and finally on the complex fruit-filled biscuits, corresponding to a progressive matrix complexification strategy.FP allowed a discrimination of the products for the 3 matrices according to their formulation and flavouring. Fruit fillings and biscuits were described with both flavour and texture attributes, whereas fruit-filled biscuits were mainly described with texture attributes. This texture predominance could result from complex changes of texture perceived during chewing. Panellists may also have focused on the first perceived characteristics or on the product's most distinguishing features to ease the task.FP was efficient to discriminate samples in each set of samples according to formulation. The characteristics allowing differentiation between samples varied depending on the matrix. Flavour attributes were mainly used for fluid matrices while texture was dominant for solid matrices. In our study, all panellists evaluated the 3 sets of products in the same order which could have influence their evaluation of complex products during the last session. Further investigations about the evaluation of complex solid products with FP may determine if texture is always dominant, even with a lower number of products.</p
Enhancing data anomaly prediction and real-time physical problem detection with Digital Twins and Cognitive Super Digital Twins
No full textInternational audienceThe increasing reliance on Internet of Things (IoT) systems has highlighted the need for effective strategies to detect data anomalies and address physical malfunctions in real time. This paper proposes a Cognitive Super Digital Twin (CSDT) to detect data anomalies and flag physical problems in IoT systems. The framework augments a standard DT with a synthetic data layer that balances rare events and improves model learning. We validate the method on an environmental-sensing and robot actuation case study, showing higher recall and F1 when training with augmented data, and a practical DT that detects incomplete robot motions. The approach improves resilience while keeping costs low by prioritizing digital experiments before physical changes