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Machine learning for ammonia volatilization prediction and slurry application management
No full textInternational audienceAnthropogenic ammonia emissions primarily originate from agriculture, especially field fertilization. These emissions represent nitrogen loss for farmers and contribute to air pollution, posing risks to human health and the environment. Estimating ammonia emissions is crucial for national inventories and policy-making. Various models exist for predicting emissions, including mechanistic, empirical, and semi-empirical approaches. While machine learning (ML) is widely used in environmental science, its application to ammonia emissions remains limited. In this study, we used 5939 ammonia emission data from 538 trials, extracted from the ALFAM2 database, to train three machine learning methods - random forest, gradient boosting, and lasso - for predicting cumulative ammonia emissions 72 hours after manure application. These methods were compared to the semi-empirical ALFAM2 model using an independent test dataset. Random forest (RMSE = 4.51, r = 0.94, MAE = 3.28, Bias = 0.92) and gradient boosting (RMSE = 6.19, r = 0.89, MAE = 4.10, Bias = 0.51) showed the best performance, while the lasso log-linear model (RMSE = 7.30, r = 0.84, MAE = 5.57, Bias = -1.38) performed worst. Both random forest and gradient boosting outperformed the semi-empirical ALFAM2 model, which showed performance comparable to the lasso model. We then used these models and the ALFAM2 model to compare five slurry management techniques, varying in application method (trailing hoses, trailing shoes, and open slot) and post-application incorporation, across 128 scenarios with different manure types and weather conditions. Compared to broadcast application, alternative techniques reduced emissions by a median of -13.6 % to -61.7 %. This study highlights the promise of ML models in assessing ammonia emission reduction methods, while emphasizing the importance of evaluating model sensitivity to algorithm choice
Présentation de l’ouvrage de Florian Chamorel, Un destin méditerranéen, les princes de la maison de Savoie en Méditerranée orientale (XIVe-XVe siècles).
No full texthttps://frankika.efa.gr/fr/node/14340Cette contribution a pris la forme d'un webinaire organisé par l'Ecole française d'Athène
Ensemble Learning Strategies for Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection in IoMT Systems
No full textInternational audienceIntrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are vital components in ensuring the security of intelligent and connected environments, particularly in domains where data sensitivity and system reliability are critical, such as the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). In this study, we propose an anomaly-based IDS powered by ensemble machine learning techniques to detect and classify cyber threats effectively. The heterogeneity and high vulnerability of IoMT systems demand advanced detection mechanisms capable of identifying various attack patterns in real time. We evaluate five supervised machine learning models Random Forest, CatBoost, LightGBM, XGBoost, and a Stacking ensemble using the CICIoMT2024 dataset, which encompasses a wide range of attack types grouped into six categories: DDoS, DoS, MQTT-based attacks, reconnaissance, spoofing, and benign traffic. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ensemble-based IDS achieves a maximum accuracy of 99.39%, with strong performance across other evaluation metrics. These findings highlight the robustness and scalability of our approach in enhancing anomaly detection and protecting sensitive data within IoMT infrastructures
Determination of Interfacial Tension of Binary Mixtures of n-alkanes + CH4 and n-alkanes + CO2 Using Density Gradient Theory and Peng-Robinson Equation of State at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures
No full textInternational audienceThe interfacial tensions of alkanes in the presence of CH4 and CO2 were predicted using the model taken as a combination of Density Gradient theory and Peng-Robinson equation of state and compared with existing simulation data. The main aim of this work was to make a progress in modeling the IFTs between diverse n-alkanes and CH4 and CO2 natural gases. Several statistical measures and graphical descriptions were employed to aid the accuracy analysis of the proposed model. The statistical measures indicate a complex relationship among thermal conditions, model selection, and performance metrics, which can be observed by examining the tables presented in this work. Overall, the results indicate that the Peng-Robinson equation effectively predicted the interfacial tensions
Methimazole-induced Agranulocytosis Complicated by Thyrotoxic Crisis: A Case Report
No full textInternational audienceMethimazole is one of the most commonly used drugs in the management of hyperthyroidism but rarely leads to potentially life-threatening agranulocytosis, which can significantly complicate clinical management. We report the case of a 49-year-old male with a known history of hyperthyroidism for ten years who presented with high-grade fever, profuse sweating, cough with expectoration, reeling sensation, shortness of breath, and generalized weakness following methimazole therapy. Laboratory investigations revealed profound agranulocytosis with an absolute neutrophil count below 500/µL, along with marked thyrotoxicosis, raising suspicion of an evolving thyrotoxic crisis. Methimazole was immediately discontinued, and treatment with broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, beta-blockers, corticosteroids, and supportive care was initiated. The patient showed significant clinical and hematological improvement with recovery of neutrophil counts and stabilization of thyroid function and was discharged in a stable condition. This case emphasizes the need for early recognition of methimazole-induced agranulocytosis, which may progress to severe and life-threatening complications. Timely withdrawal of the offending drug along with early multidisciplinary intervention is crucial in reducing morbidity and preventing fatal outcomes
Bone within a Bone: Unravelling a Rare Case with an Unusual Co-Existence
No full textInternational audienceBackground: a well known radiological finding “bone within a bone” isseen in a variety of conditions of which ‘Osteopetrosis’ is one. “Osteopetrosis of infantile origin” is one of its rare and aggressive subtypes which is inherited as autosomal recessive and often leads to death due to recurrent infections and multi system involvement.Case presentation: A 2 year male child presented with fever, loose stools and gum bleeding since 2 days with regression of milestones. There was past history of blood transfusion and two sibling male deaths in the family. Examination revealed severe malnutrition with significantly enlarged lymph nodes and hepatosplenomegaly. All necessary investigations sent revealed pancytopenia with ‘atypical cells’, deranged kidney function test and transaminitis. Pathognomic finding of “bone within a bone” was seen on X-ray. Child succumbed to death due to severe sepsis despite the treatment.Discussion: Increased bone density in osteopetrosis causes encroachment of marrow space leading to all other consequences. Children diagnosed in early infancy often succumb to death due to severe sepsis. Its definitive treatment is not found yet but Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) is thought to be a potential cure and is still under research.Conclusion: Malignant infantile osteopetrosis is a rare but fatal condition and its resemblance to other disease conditions often masks the diagnosis. Creating awareness about osteopetrosis along with genetic counselling and antenatal diagnosis plays important role in managing it. Although rare, its co-existence with lymphoma should always be ruled out
Decolonizing Education: An Afrocentric Approach to Curriculum Development at a Selected High School in Khujwana Circuit, Mopani West District, Limpopo Province, South Africa
No full textInternational audienceThis research aims to find out how the persistence of Eurocentric content, pedagogical methods, and assessment practices in the South African Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) impact the identities, learning experiences, and the sense of belonging of African learners in educational environments. The study is situated within frameworks of decolonial theory, Africanisation, and critical pedagogy, and it delves into the effects of learner disengagement due to epistemic exclusion, the neglect of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS), and the dominance of Western epistemologies. A qualitative research design was utilized, and data were collected through semi structured interviews with teachers and learners, classroom observations, and document analysis, which together provided in depth, localised understandings of the ways in which curriculum and pedagogy reproduce the colonial legacy of inequalities. The results signalled that the absorption of Eurocentric curriculum purposes led South African learners to experience a loss of identity, cultural alienation, and limited cognitive engagement, while Afrocentric, contextualised, and culturally sustaining pedagogies had a remarkable effect on learners' self-confidence, participation, and the sense of academic meaningfulness. This study contends that the decolonisation of the curriculum entails more than just a superficial cultural insertion. It requires a comprehensive structural epistemic change that places African cosmologies, vernacular languages, and community-based knowledge at the core as valid forms of academic inquiry. The suggestions highlight teacher training, policy restructuring, IKS inclusion, and pedagogical change as ways to make education an authentic reflection of the African reality and a means to prepare learners for socially grounded futures
Linking NABH Hospital Accreditation to Managerial Effectiveness: Evidence from Indian Tertiary Care Charitable Trust Hospital
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: In order to guarantee the quality of care, the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers Quality Council of India (NABH) established a constituent board to create and manage an accreditation program for healthcare facilities. Since the 1970s, global initiatives to improve healthcare quality have been advanced by healthcare accreditation bodies and certification schemes. A healthcare organization can receive official recognition for meeting performance requirements through the accreditation process, which is conducted by certified external peer reviewers This study seeks to explore the impact of healthcare accreditation in workplaces and understand manager's perception of work demands and the consequences such accreditation has created for them.Methodology: Methodology was descriptive, data-based study initiated by organization’s Quality department. The primary data obtained was in the form of responses to a 25-item questionnaire and collected from 27 managers across the facility. A questionnaire was prepared keeping in mind NABH guidelines, managerial skills, decision making skills to assess the level of attitude of Instead of circulating the link of survey, QR code was used. The responses were recorded in a 5-point scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The response rate was 100%.Results and Discussion: For all 25 items, most participants had a favorable response. In the present study, out of 27 participants, more than 96% responded that accreditation had a positive impact.Conclusion: One of the key challenges in establishing accreditation programs is the uncertainty among healthcare professionals, particularly among managers, about the beneficial effects of accreditation. The manager's sound understanding of and favorable attitude toward NABH accreditation are crucial, and they can be achieved with the right training and a nice hospital setting. This study concluded that the managers showed a positive attitude towards post NABH accreditation
Sobolev orthogonal polynomials on thin annuli: Banded recurrences and asymptotics
No full textInternational audienc
Nos Lueurs. L'hypothèse des Lumières queers
No full textInternational audienceComment répondre aux discours réactionnaires qui voient dans les théories queers, féministes et décoloniales un dangereux obscurantisme ou une nouvelle religion « woke » qui gangrènerait l'Université ? Dans cet essai percutant, Pierre Niedergang propose de relire les pratiques et les théories queers à l'aune des thèmes et des grandes valeurs des Lumières telles que l'humanisme, l'universalisme, l'émancipation, la science, l'éducation et la critique de l'autorité religieuse. Il montre comment ces valeurs ne sont pas abandonnées, mais retravaillées et réactivées de manière subversive par les savoirs critiques minoritaires.En faisant l'hypothèse que les théories et pratiques queers peuvent être lues comme de « nouvelles Lumières pour le XXie siècle », il ouvre un horizon original pour la pensée critique contemporaine et nous rend attentif·ves à ces lueurs queers qui vibrent dans l'obscurité inquiétante du présent