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MicroCT X-ray profile of dental biomaterials as a tool for identification in forensic odontology
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The Role of the State in Accelerating Energy Transitions: Lessons from Brazilian Economic Ideas for the Oil Industry (1930s–1950s)
No full textInternational audienceEchoing the discussions about the role of the state in accelerating the transition to low-emission sources of energy, this article revisits the ideas developed in Brazil, from the 1930s to the 1950s, to accelerate the transition not away from but at that time further toward domestically produced oil, with the creation of the state-owned company Petrobras. It shows that two distinct issues were at stake: the public or private control over the company for matters of economic efficiency, and the use of domestic or foreign capital for questions of long-term energy sovereignty and economic independence. This article finally draws parallels for the twenty-first-century energy transition, especially in developing countries. Given today's geopolitical uncertainty and the need to accelerate the transition to energy sources that are still in development, such as renewables and green hydrogen, the creation of sector-specific public companies could be a valuable strategy alongside traditional regulatory tools
Projet de recherche doctorale en géographie du développement : ONG, éducation et développement local en Indonésie
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Assessing the thermal efficiency of innovative eco-friendly bricks enhanced with phase change materials
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Detailed Manufacturing Design of REBCO Insert and Cooling Performance of 33T Cryogen-Free Superconducting Magnet
No full textInternational audienceThe 33T Cryogen-Free Superconducting Magnet (33T-CSM) project is progressing at Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University. The 33T-CSM consists of a 19 T REBCO coil (HTS) with a 68 mm bore and a 14 T Nb3Sn+NbTi Rutherford coil (LTS) with a 320 mm bore. The 14 T-LTS coil was completed in 2024 and its stand-alone test was successfully performed. The 19 T-HTS coil design, which involves winding REBCO tape conductors in a two-layer bundle and impregnating only the end faces, has been completed and is expected to enter the manufacturing phase soon. This design reduces the risk of local degradation, which can cause hotspots, and optimizes the stress distribution within the coil to minimize maximum stress. Following these concepts, detailed manufacturing design of specific stacking methods of the pancakes and connections between the pancakes is discussed. In addition, the evaluation of the cooling capacity of the GM-JT and GM cryocoolers used for gas circulation cooling of the HTS and LTS coils in the cryostat of the 33 T-CSM, as well as the future scalability, will be presented
Has “Ecological Economics” betrayed its roots? Revealing its state, internal tensions and evolution through a multi-level and multi-scale bibliometric assessment
No full textInternational audienceThis paper uses a mixed methods approach to investigate the development of Ecological Economics (EE), combining a critical literature review with quantitative bibliometric analysis. It maps the intellectual trajectory of the field, its thematic shifts and its authorship networks from inception to the present time. Three phases are identified: (i) 1983-1997: the founding period; (ii) 1998-2011: the establishment of ecosystem services' valuation; and (iii) 2012-2024: the contemporary EE, characterized by internal tensions and increasing integration into mainstream environmental initiatives. Our findings reveal a global surge in interest in the field, accompanied by an expansion in the intellectual scope and research themes, as well as a broader geographic distribution of authors. This is associated with the emergence of numerous new journals, with Ecological Economics maintaining a central, albeit declining, position. Our research shows that while EE began as a critique of neoclassical economics, during its establishment phase it embraced market-based solutions and monetary valuation. However, contemporary trends indicate a critical reassessment of these approaches, with a shift towards exploring issues such as climate justice, degrowth and social metabolism. This dynamic evolution highlights the ongoing importance of EE as a platform for transdisciplinary research that challenges conventional economic thinking
Tailoring structural and optical responses in rhombohedral La 0.67 Sr 0.33− x Ca x Mn 1− x Ni x O 3 through dual-site doping
No full textInternational audiencePerovskite manganites, due to their strong interplay between crystal structure, electronic states, and magnetic ordering, are highly tunable via chemical substitution
Molecular phylogeny of the Acer-feeding aphid subfamily Drepanosiphinae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the evolution of its endosymbiotic consortia
No full textInternational audienceThe Drepanosiphinae is a Holarctic subfamily of Aphididae comprising six genera: Drepanaphis, Drepanosiphoniella, Drepanosiphum, Megalosiphonaphis, Shenahweum, and Yamatocallis, all of which exhibit strict host plant associations, primarily with Acer species. Despite long-standing taxonomic attention, evolutionary relationships within the group remain poorly resolved, and some important aspects of their biology, such as their patterns of association with symbionts, have been unexplored despite evidence that species in the subfamily might be involved in atypical nutritional symbioses. Here, we present a molecular phylogenetic reconstruction of this subfamily and investigate the evolution of its endosymbiotic consortia. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using multiple DNA markers, employing both Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) approaches. Endosymbionts were characterized using high-throughput sequencing of a fragment of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The resulting phylogenies are largely congruent across markers and methods and consistently support the monophyly of Drepanosiphinae. Drepanaphis and Drepanosiphum form a well-supported clade as sister to Drepanosiphoniella, while Yamatocallis and Megalosiphonaphis form a distinct, more distantly related clade. Within Drepanaphis, species group according to host plant use rather than traditional morphological groupings, revealing three host-associated clades: rubrum, saccharum, and grandidentatum. Endosymbiont characterization revealed that, in addition to the obligate symbiont Buchnera aphidicola, most Drepanosiphinae species also host a Sodalis-like bacterium, consistent with previous genomic evidence for a dual nutritional symbiosis with this bacterium. However, Sodalis was absent in most Yamatocallis species, indicating a complex and potentially dynamic evolutionary history of symbiotic relationships within the subfamily. Patterns of association with Wolbachia, Rickettsia, Fukatsuia, Serratia and Arsenophonus suggest a limited role in nutrition. By integrating phylogenetic reconstruction with symbiont profiling, this study provides the most comprehensive evolutionary framework to date for Drepanosiphinae and reinforces the view that nutritional symbioses in aphids are evolutionarily dynamics