18918 research outputs found
Sort by
3D prints of biblical scenes (Long Gallery, Lanhydrock)
No full textPolyurethane model board based on 3D LiDAR scan, 50x50c
Preparing for the field
Get PDFThis chapter aims to help readers prepare for going to \u27the field\u27- the location(s) where data will be collected. We discuss starting a new field site, collaborating at established sites, and practical strategies for building and maintaining ties to the field site longitudinally. Throughout, we emphasize that developing trusting relationships with the community is critical to ethical research practice and essential for good science. Starting from this principle, we review the practical strategies for relationship-building and establishing ethical research practices, especially in regard to work with children and in settings with little to no infrastructure for research oversight. Also, personal experiences and practical aspects of conducting research are presented, including: obtaining permissions to conduct research with \u27human subjects\u27, developing rigorous consent procedures, writing codes of conduct for research staff, data storage and access concerns, staying safe and healthy in the field, and designing comprehensive and Eethical budgets
Plymfit study: A study to investigate the feasibility of wrist-worn smartwatch use in perioperative care [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]
Get PDFBackgroundWrist-worn activity monitors may provide a novel cost-effective method to risk stratify patients before surgery as well as instigate and monitor both prehabilitation and rehabilitation to improve patient fitness and therefore perioperative outcomes. This may address a number of key issues facing the health of the expanding perioperative population. However, a baseline dataset using smartwatches is urgently required before interventional strategies can be robustly developed.AimsTo pilot the use of wrist-worn consumer smartwatches in participants undergoing major surgery. To assess feasibility of their use and direct methodology for a future large cohort study. This will be used to assess the clinical utility of these watches in future research.MethodsA UK university hospital-based, 50 participant pilot study, using Garmin Vivofit 4 smartwatches. Participants undergoing major abdominal surgery will wear watches 2 weeks prior, and 4 weeks following, their surgery. Primary outcomes will assess feasibility including; proportion of eligible patients recruited, watch wear compliance and secondary outcome data collection. Secondary outcomes will include the smartwatch data itself and assessments of postoperative outcome.ConclusionThe data generated will underpin future funding applications with the aim to provide the key observational dataset required for robust integration of smartwatches into perioperative care
Prioritising time-critical injuries and interventions for trapped motor vehicle collision patients: a Delphi study
Get PDFBackground Physically trapped patients following motor vehicle collisions are at high risk of time-critical injuriesand poor outcomes. Despite this, there is limited consensus on which injuries should be prioritised and which earlyinterventions are both necessary and feasible in the prehospital setting. This study aims to develop expert consensuson injury categorisation and the delivery of early care interventions to guide clinical and operational decision-makingat the scene.Methods A modified Delphi method was used to gather consensus from a multidisciplinary panel of subjectmatter experts, including clinicians, paramedics, and members of fire and rescue services. In Round 1, participantscontributed to the development of draft statements relating to injury time sensitivity, intervention prioritisation, andresponder roles. In Rounds 2 and 3, participants rated their level of agreement with these refined statements. A finalface-to-face consensus meeting was held to discuss statements that had not yet reached consensus, explore areas ofdisagreement, and conduct further voting where appropriate. Consensus was defined as ≥ 70% agreement.Results Consensus was achieved on 45 statements across the domains of injury categorisation, time-criticalinterventions, and multi-agency responsibilities. Participants strongly endorsed the early delivery of analgesia,tranexamic acid, and protection from environmental stressors, regardless of provider background, provided thatappropriate training and governance are in place. There was broad support for expanding the scope of practice ofnon-clinical responders to meet urgent patient needs.Conclusions This Delphi consensus provides a framework for prioritising early interventions in the care of trappedpatients. It supports a patient-centred, capability-based approach to prehospital care, emphasising feasibility, urgency,and ethical responsibility. Findings should inform the development of standard operating procedures, triage tools,and training frameworks across emergency services, with further research needed to validate assessment heuristicsand address barriers to implementation
The Feasibility of Ambulatory Heart Rate Variability Monitoring in Non‐Suicidal Self‐Injury
Get PDFThe polyvagal theory proposes that the autonomic nervous system influences affective systems and top-down emotional regulation.Vagal tone, as indexed by heart rate variability (HRV), is a measure of emotion regulation capacity. It is possible that non-suicidalself-injury (NSSI) occurs at times of low vagal tone and that NSSI may increase it. Little is known about the feasibility of collectingambulatory HRV data in the context of NSSI. This prospective observational study examined the feasibility of ambulatory HRVmonitoring during NSSI. Ten participants wore a chest-based heart rate monitor and used a diary app for 1 week. Baselinecharacteristics were collected. Heart rate monitoring duration, diary app entries, distress scores, and NSSI occurrences wererecorded. Participant experience was assessed in a post-study questionnaire. At baseline, six had a history of NSSI, in two ofwhom it was current. Ten participants wore the monitor for an average of 137 h. Nine participants successfully used the diary app,making an average of 14 entries over a week. Although no NSSI occurred during the study, the overall experience of participationwas positive. It is feasible to monitor HRV and collect app-based distress scores for a week, including in those with NSSIhistory
Faraday waves and period tripling in a horizontal circular tank
Get PDFUnderstanding wave kinematics is crucial for analysing the thermodynamic effects ofsloshing, which can lead to pressure drops in non-isothermal cryogenic fuel tanks. Inthe research reported here, Faraday waves in a horizontal circular tank (partially filledwith water) under vertical excitation are investigated. The tank geometry is referred toas a horizontal circular tank throughout, with its circular face oriented perpendicularto the horizontal plane. Firstly, this paper addresses the eigenvalue problem throughlinear potential flow theory, in order to provide theoretical evidence of Faraday wavesin horizontal circular tanks, the impact the density ratio has on the eigenvalues is thenconsidered. Secondly, an experimental investigation testing multiple liquid fill levels isconducted. A soft-spring nonlinear response is demonstrated throughout the parameterspace. The results showed larger sloshing amplitudes for low fill levels and smallersloshing amplitudes for high fill levels. Asymmetry between anti-nodes at the containersidewalls and through the tank centreline are evident for low fill levels. Moreover, thesloshing wave amplitude at which breaking waves occur is smaller for high fill levelconditions. Finally, period tripling was observed for all fill levels tested, confirmingnonlinear mode interactions before the onset to wave breaking
Fungi and Fungi-Like Entities
No full textCoral microbiology research has long focused on the composition and functional roles of prokaryotic organisms, but microeukaryotic communities, including the enigmatic fungi remain a poorly understood “black box” within coral and other holobionts. Here, we summarise what is known and hypothesised about the diversity, functional traits and potential, and chemodiversity of coral- and reef-associated fungi and fungi-like organisms (FLOs). Finally, we briefly outline the challenges associated with the characterization of marine fungi and provide a perspective for future studies to elucidate the biology, chemical ecology, and organismal interactions of marine fungi and FLOs within coral reef holobionts and their potentially far-reaching roles in coral reef ecosystem functioning and health
Encountering coasts: The contested geographies of young people\u27s coastal citizenship[s]
Get PDFThis paper examines the contested geographies of young people\u27s citizenship practices and performances in marine and coastal environments. This is important in developing original knowledge of how encounters with new and different coastal places, practices, people, morals and ethics can affect young people\u27s citizenship practices and performances and how young people relate meaningfully with[in] coastal environments. Using a novel digital scrapbooking technique and qualitative interviews, conducted with 22 young adults aged 18–30 in Plymouth, UK, this paper examines how and why young people\u27s everyday engagements and encounters with coastal environments can shape their understandings of environmental and social care. In examining the intersections of youth citizenship, coastal literacy and the geographies of encounter, the paper develops a new framework of ‘coastal citizenship’ that provides two contributions. First, in identifying coastal citizenship as a unique imbrication of terrestrial and marine citizenship that relies on the interdependencies of various actors, systems, policies and ways-of-knowing land–sea interactions. Second, this paper acknowledges the interplay between young citizens\u27 interpretations of, and approaches towards, coastal management, education and engagement in ways that produce individual and collective interest, responsibility and care for marine spaces. This approach therefore advances discourses of young people as citizens ‘in becoming’ by examining how young people\u27s active engagement with, and management/promotion of, coastal environmental care is articulated through their ‘everyday agency’. This is important in ensuring a broader range of young people\u27s voices are able to shape decisions made at the local and national level
The Moving Mandala: Exploring the Pro-Social Effects of Musical and Non-Musical Synchrony in Children in a Virtual World
Get PDFSynchronous movement between individuals has been shown to increase pro-sociality, such as closeness and generosity. To date, synchrony research tests these effects using a variety of movement tasks, including musical and non-musical coordination. However, musical versus non-musical synchrony may have separable pro-social effects. To test this, we had 60 children immersed in an augmented reality space called the \u27Moving Mandala\u27 where they moved asynchronously with only visual cues, synchronously with only visual cues or synchronously with musical and visual cues. We then tested for differences in pro-social effects using sharing and proxemics tasks. Results showed that while the synchrony version of the mandala led to greater closeness in the proxemics task, the musical synchrony led to more pro-sociality on the sharing task. The implications of these findings are discussed
Implementation of link workers in primary care: Synopsis of findings from a realist evaluation
Get PDFBackground: Social prescribing link workers formed part of the Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme introduced into primary care in England from 2019. Link workers assist patients experiencing issues affecting their health and well-being that are \u27non-medical\u27 (e.g. lack of social connections, financial difficulties and housing problems). They give patients space to consider these non-medical issues and, when relevant, connect them to support, often within the voluntary-community-social-enterprise sector. We conducted an earlier realist review on the link worker role in primary care. We then carried out a realist evaluation, described in this report, to address the question: When implementing link workers in primary care to sustain outcomes - what works, for whom, why and in what circumstances? Aim: To develop evidence-based recommendations to optimise the implementation of link workers in primary care and to enable patients to receive the best support possible. Design: A realist evaluation, involving two work packages. Setting: Data were collected around seven link workers in different parts of England. Methods: For work package 1, researchers spent 3 weeks with each link worker - going to meetings with them, watching them interact with patients, with healthcare professionals and with voluntary-community-social-enterprise staff. During this time, researchers had a daily debrief with the link worker, inviting them to reflect on their working day, and they collected relevant documents (e.g. job descriptions and information on social prescribing given to patients). They also conducted interviews with 93 primary care/voluntary-community-social-enterprise staff and 61 patients. As part of this work package, data on patient contact with a general practitioner before and after being referred to a link worker were collected. Work package 2 consisted of follow-up interviews (9-12 months later) with patients; 41 were reinterviewed. In addition, link workers were reinterviewed. A realist logic of analysis was used to test (confirm, refute or refine) the programme theory we developed from our realist review. Analysis explored connections between contexts, mechanisms and outcomes to explain how, why and in what circumstances the implementation of link workers might be beneficial (or not) to patients and/or healthcare delivery. Results: We produced three papers from the research - one on link workers \u27holding\u27 patients, one on the role of discretion in their job, and another exploring patient-focused data and readiness to engage in social prescribing. Data from these papers were considered in relation to Normalisation Process Theory - a framework for conceptualising the implementation of new interventions into practice (e.g. link workers into primary care). By doing so, we identified infrastructural factors required to help link workers to: (1) offer person-centred care; (2) develop patients\u27 self-confidence, sense of hope and social capital; (3) facilitate appropriate general practitioner use; (4) foster job satisfaction among those delivering social prescribing. Discussion: Our research highlighted the importance of a supportive infrastructure (including supervision, training, leadership/management, clarity about the role, link workers\u27 ability to use existing skills and knowledge and having capacity to connect with providers in the voluntary-community-social-enterprise sector) in order to produce person-centred care, to nurture hope, self-confidence and social capital among patients, to ensure they receive the right support (medical or non-medical), and to promote link workers\u27 job satisfaction. Data showed how link workers can contribute to the offer of holistic care beyond a purely medical lens of health and illness. Funding: This synopsis presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme as award number NIHR130247