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Data: Can Arctic Sea Ice Melting Lead to More Summertime Heat Extremes?
No full textThe dataset includes the key variables that were used to generate the figures in "Can Arctic Sea Ice Melting Lead to More Summertime Heat Extremes?" submitted.
We quantify the impact of late 21st century Arctic sea ice loss on Northern Hemisphere (NH) summertime heat extremes using model simulations that are forced by the future Arctic sea ice loss. First, we find an overall increase of heat extreme frequency in the NH continents in our model simulations, but only in the presence of ocean-atmosphere coupling. The increased frequency of heat extremes is mostly due to mean temperature increase. However, in comparison to future warming scenario, in general, increases in heat extremes in NH continents due to the future Arctic sea ice loss are relatively small. The results suggest a non-negligible but limited role of the future Arctic sea ice loss on contributing to the NH summertime heat extremes.
More on variables: The dataset includes variables such as the Arctic sea ice fraction, boreal summer (June-July-August) mean near-surface temperature, and ratio of heat extreme frequency that are calculated from the CESM1-WACCM4 constrained sea ice model simulations
Ten Years of Lessons and Challenges in Sexual Violence Prevention in Indonesia: An Integrative Literature Review and Analysis of State Report to The CEDAW Committee
Get PDFThe effort to prevent sexual violence before it occurs is seen as a critical and essential strategy that can also help to prevent recidivism and victimization of sexual violence, however, to make sure these prevention strategies are successful, it is important to learn from past practices. Although evaluation on current knowledge and information is essential to encourage more effective development of relevant intervention in the future, there has not been any systematic or integrative literature research that focuses on synthesizing all the findings regarding sexual violence prevention in Indonesia.
By using integrative literature review and policy frame analysis to Indonesia 8th periodic report to CEDAW comittee, this research aims to explore three main questions: (1) What do we know about sexual violence prevention in Indonesia from research in the past 10 years?; (2) What do we know about sexual violence prevention in Indonesia from the state reports to the CEDAW committee? (3) What are the missing gaps of sexual violence prevention policies and actions in Indonesia?.
This study found that efforts for sexual violence prevention are including at least 10 laws and policies, six strategies in sexual violence prevention and the integration of digital and interactive media in the prevention actions. However, a review and analysis of the literature and policy framework reveal significant gaps in these initiatives. Specifically, marginalized groups, key stakeholders, and holistic approaches have been excluded from the discourse.
This study highlights critical shortcomings in sexual violence prevention actions and policies in Indonesia, including the lack of male involvement and a focus on masculinity, the absence of an intersectional approach, the marginalization of diverse vulnerable groups, the failure to institutionalize intervention strategies, and insufficient attention to city- and provincial-level policies.
Keywords: Sexual violence prevention, Indonesia, CEDAW, Gender equality, Integrative Literature Review, Policy Frame Analysi
Effect of High-Fidelity Manikin Versus Standardized Patient on Cultural Humility and Cultural Self-Efficacy Among Second- and Fourth-Year Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Get PDFDue to increasing diversity and shifting demographics nationally, many professional organizations have called upon nursing education to prepare future generations of nurses to provide culturally appropriate care to diverse patient populations. It is crucial to use evidence-based pedagogical strategies to teach nursing students to tailor care to meet the diverse needs of patients.
Simulation has been widely used in nursing education as an effective pedagogical strategy. A study was undertaken to explore the differences between using a high-fidelity manikin versus a standardized patient in simulation on cultural humility and cultural self-efficacy in second- and fourth-year baccalaureate nursing students. Second-year (n = 39) and fourth-year (n = 58) students were equally distributed into two groups. The intervention group participated in a simulation using a standardized patient and the comparison group used a high-fidelity manikin. Mean scores on the Cultural Humility Scale (Foronda, 2020) were used to measure cultural humility, and mean scores on the Cultural Self-Efficacy Scale (Bernal & Froman, 1987) were used to measure cultural self-efficacy.
A researcher-developed 5-item demographic survey was used to collect demographic information from participants. The simulation sessions were conducted over 7 weeks from the end of February to mid-April in the spring semester of 2024. Students participated in the simulation session as a clinical group of 4-9 students on their assigned clinical day. Participants completed a pretest before the simulation, posttest 1 immediately after the simulation, and posttest 2 at the end of the semester in May. The pretest and posttests consisted of the Cultural Humility Scale, the Cultural Self-Efficacy Scale, and the demographics survey.
Data analysis revealed that although there was a statistically significant improvement in cultural humility and cultural self-efficacy immediately and over time after the simulation for both groups, there was no statistically significant difference between high-fidelity manikin simulation or SP simulation on either cultural humility, F(1,95) = 1.26, p = .27, ηp2 = .002, or cultural self-efficacy, F(1,95) = .11, p = .74, ηp2 = .001. Also, there were no differences in cultural humility or cultural self-efficacy based on the year of enrollment before or after the simulation. As no difference was found between using a manikin and using a standardized patient, nursing programs have a choice of using either approach based on the feasibility, cost, and available resources. Future research should include replications of this study as well as comparisons of other teaching modalities in simulation to increase cultural humility and cultural self-efficacy.
Keywords: Cultural humility, cultural self-efficacy, nursing education, nursing students, clinical simulation, cultural humility scale, and cultural self-efficacy scale
Look at Me: Faces and Gazes in Etruria in the Sixth Century BCE
No full textScholars have examined visuality, or cultural modes of sight, in the ancient Mediterranean, especially in Greece and Rome. Their work has revealed how ancient sight operated differently. However, the Etruscans have been absent from these studies, likely due to the dearth of extant texts describing vision and its mechanics in Etruscan.
This dissertation examines objects that harness an artifactual vision. These include faces of various forms, including face antefixes, bucchero face appliqués, and the surfaces of Etruscan black-figure pottery that integrate the contour eye motif. By considering of their modes of making, their visual impact on their surrounding spaces, and prevailing decorative conventions, this project argues that a fraction of a larger, more complex Archaic Etruscan visuality can be reconstructed.
This approach acknowledges the ability for representations of the visible world to recursively influence it. From this perspective, the collected body of objects that gaze at the human world actively participate in shaping it
Four translations in Greek by Anna Griva from the collection "Family Album" + source texts
No full textPoems from the collection “Family Album” by Karen Van Dyck in a Greek translation by Anna Griva. Προχωρώντας (Moving On). Απερίτμητος (Uncircumcised). Άλογα (Horses). Ιστορίες φαντασμάτων (Ghost Story
Immersive Technologies in Marketing: A Spatial Framework
No full textThis dissertation examines how established and emerging immersive technologies shape consumers’ perceptions of spatial characteristics in virtual and physical environments and the consequences relevant to various stakeholders in the marketing field.
To begin, I propose a framework that aims to clarify how consumers, as users of immersive technologies such as monitors or AR glasses, may view their interactions with the content in a spatial perspective. Then, across two essays, I apply the framework to two immersive technologies—monitors and augmented reality (AR)—and provide evidence of consumers processing their virtual experiences with spatial characteristics.
The first essay addresses a key question: Do consumers infer spatial characteristics in screen-based media, particularly in livestreams? Drawing from theories of crowdedness in the physical world, I propose that viewers process cues such as the scrolling speed of the chatting interface as a spontaneous cue of crowdedness, even for livestreams—a virtual experience—which influences their judgments of the streamer’s popularity. Across nine studies (including experiments with real viewers, streamers, and managers and field data from Twitch), I show that a faster-moving chat interface increases the degree of inferred crowdedness, mediating perceptions of streamer popularity. This process is robust to alternative explanations such as visual density, inference of others’ engagement intensity, and the viewer’s own engagement. It also remains consistent across variations in chat content, interface design, and viewer familiarity. These findings demonstrate that consumers use spatial characteristics, like crowdedness, even in virtual environments devoid of clear spatial dimensions, to make social judgments.
The second essay explores augmented reality’s (AR) unique ability to manipulate the spatial position of virtual content. I theorize that AR uniquely repositions virtual content into the user’s personal space—what I call egocentric spatial repositioning (ESR). Grounded in construal level theory, social presence, and egocentric categorization, I argue that AR’s ability to anchor virtual content in one’s own physical space increases the perception that users share their space with the virtual object, and relatedly, categorizes the target as part of the user. I apply this theory to the domain of prosocial behavior, as intuitively, this idea of distance seems most relevant for domains that require empathy. Three experimental studies using various AR platforms (e.g., Snapchat) replicate the result that AR increases the sense that the virtual content shares the user’s personal space, and consequently, increases prosocial behavior (e.g., charitable donations). Analyses confirm that this effect is driven by ESR rather than familiarity with AR or privacy concerns.
Together, these essays show that spatial cognition—how consumers represent spatial characteristics—is a critical but overlooked dimension of consumer experience with immersive technologies. By introducing a spatial perspective into theories of virtual consumption, this dissertation offers novel insights into how consumers process virtual experiences and a framework that can drive future research on consumer cognition and behavior in increasingly virtual worlds
Geometric Criterion for 6-Functor Formalisms: Betti Realization, Gluing, and the Motivic Homotopy Theory of Complex Analytic Stacks
No full textThe concrete goals of this dissertation are to define the motivic homotopy theory of complex analytic stacks, establish some of its properties, show it admits the structure of a 6-functor formalism, and produce a stacky version of Betti realization that is compatible Grothendieck's six operations. In order to achieve these goals, we develop a framework for studying ``generalized cohomology theories'' in an abstract geometric context, building on [25], and using material on 6-functor formalisms from [62] and [39].
In particular, we give criteria for establishing the structure of a 6-functor formalism, as well as the compatibility of morphisms with the six operations. We also establish strong tools for proving versions of Morel-Voevodsky's localization theorem, which is fundamental for our study of cohomology theories, 6-functor formalisms, and the motivic homotopy theory of complex analytic stacks
Kinematic Differences Between Virtual and Real World Performance of Complex Motor Tasks: A Literature Review
No full textOver the last couple decades expanded reality (XR) technology has become widely adopted across multiple domains. However, there is a lack of work compiling potential differences between XR and real world (RW) motor task performance. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to compile and analyze research comparing XR and RW motor task performance. To this end, a collection of scholarly articles was compiled from 4 reputable databases, before being screened for inclusion. A total of 22 studies were included for analysis, 19 from the database search and 3 manually sourced. XR movements were found to be significantly slower, more exaggerated, and be highly variable. Despite this the relative coordination and sequencing of XR movements closely resembled the RW performance. The practical implications of these findings is discussed to inform future XR technology use, for both training and research purposes
The Journalist Trauma Support Network: An Innovative Training Program to Support Journalists’ Mental Health
No full textMedia professionals today face a unique combination of exposure to traumatic content and high-stakes occupational stressors. Yet few mental health practitioners are equipped to address the specific demands, culture, and risks associated with news production. In response, the Dart Center for Journalism and Trauma at Columbia University launched the Journalist Trauma Support Network (JTSN) in 2021—a groundbreaking pilot program designed to train experienced trauma therapists in the occupational culture and mental health needs of journalists. From 2021 to 2023, the program trained 39 clinicians and provided free, time-limited therapy to 65 journalists as part of the training. Evaluation data assessed feasibility, utilization, clinical outcomes, and participant satisfaction. Results showed highly efficient referrals, exceptional engagement, and a reduction in clinically significant PTSD, depression, anxiety, and stress from 60% to 23% among journalist participants. Both therapists and journalists reported high satisfaction with the program. This white paper presents the full evaluation findings and highlights the critical role of journalist-specific clinical training, sustained clinician communities, and reliable referral pathways in supporting the mental health and resilience of news professionals amid growing professional pressures
Repair Through Recognition: Historic Preservation and Public Housing Redevelopment
No full textOver the last several decades, federal policy shifts have undermined the financial sustainability of public housing, leaving local housing authorities with limited tools to address aging infrastructure and deferred maintenance.
This thesis explores the reparative potential of integrating historic preservation strategies into public housing redevelopment, with a focus on the New York City Housing Authority’s (NYCHA) use of the federal Historic Tax Credit through the Permanent Affordability Commitment Together (PACT) program. PACT is New York City’s implementation of the federal Rental Assistance Demonstration (RAD) program, which enables the conversion of Section 9 public housing units to more stable Section 8 contracts. This transformation unlocks access to private investment and tax credit financing for rehabilitation.
Using a restorative justice framework, this thesis evaluates the representational and procedural justice implications of these conversions, particularly when public housing developments are nominated to the National Register of Historic Places. Through interviews and case studies, this study argues that while PACT presents risks associated with privatization, it also offers an opportunity to recognize past harms and leverage preservation as a tool for equity in public housing development