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Dataset for "Alcohol-related quality of life in young people: development and initial validation of a new targeted outcome measure"
No full textThis cross-sectional quantitative data was collected for the fourth study of the PhD project titled ‘Alcohol-Related Quality of Life in Young People: Development and Initial Validation of a New Targeted Outcome Measure’. Data was collected on single occasions using a combination of paper booklets and Qualtrics online surveys. The sample was recruited predominantly from Northern Ireland however participants from the Republic of Ireland and the rest of the United Kingdom also participated. Data was collected between January and August 2022 from eligible community and service-using young people (n = 309, aged between 15-17 years) either on site in colleges, schools, young adult centres, youth clubs, and support services, or remotely via online invitation links. The data was collected to examine the psychometric properties of a pilot version of a new outcome measure being developed throughout the PhD project (reported in Thesis Chapter Six; Study Four, Part One) and also to investigate the associations between a series of demographic, social, psychological, and alcohol-related predictor variables and quality of life, and alcohol-related outcome variables (reported in Thesis Chapter Seven, Study Four, Part Two). The data contains the young people’s responses to: demographic questions, the 55-item pilot version of the Adolescent Quality of Life Scale (AdQoLS); the Pediatric Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (PQ-LES-Q); the Young People’s Alcohol Questionnaire (YPAQ); the Three-Item Loneliness Scale; the Generalised Anxiety Disorder two-item (GAD-2); the Patient Health Questionnaire two-item (PHQ-2); and the Covid-19 Impact on Quality of Life (COV19-QoL). Survey responses from participants (n=309) with codebook (sheet 2). Dataset embargoed until 31 July 2026
Global AI policies and international business
No full textHow best to make sure that AI systems used in business and society are safe, transparent, traceable, non-discriminatory, and environmentally compatible is rapidly becoming a public policy priority. The European Union’s Parliament, for example, has tried to establish a technology-neutral, uniform definition for AI that could be applied to future AI systems. The institution defines AI as “the ability of a machine to display human-like capabilities such as reasoning, learning, planning and creativity.” Tensions exist between those who are involved in regulating AI, governments and large technology firms, and the design of AI policies to ensure a balance between safe and responsible AI and international competitiveness. In this chapter we present a snapshot of the current AI policies and frameworks from the pivotal actors in AI governance. We also discuss the role of corporate actors in influencing AI regulation and how global AI policies impact international business and innovation. Of particular importance is to ask, Qui bono? – who benefits? – and whether AI risks entrenching economic inequality and exacerbating structural injustice between societal groups and power imbalances between the Global North and the Global South, potentially amplifying the risks and harms, and reducing the benefits of AI for the latter. We argue that AI regulation is further complicated by the fact that AI policies not only reflect national priorities but also mirror the deeply engrained cultural values of the society in which they are developed. Finally, we propose several solutions for the responsible development of AI regulation that balances AI’s potential with protecting global societal welfare.<br/
Dataset for "Disease in the Cretaceous: A comparative study of Iguanodon and hadrosaur palaeopathology"
No full textThe following dataset represents the list of material and supplementary analyses for the thesis entitled “Disease in the Cretaceous - A Comparative Study of Iguanodon and Hadrosaur Palaeopathology”, reporting all the specimens from the visited museum collections and those published in the literature. Appendix 1 is a list of all the palaeopathological specimens known from the ornithopod literature, subdivided in 11 body parts. Appendices 2 to 4 represent the complete list of studied material, added to the literature revision, that describes each pathological element in the three morphotypes (corresponding to basal (e.g. Dryosaurus), “intermediate” (e.g. Iguanodon) and derived ornithopods e.g. (Edmontosaurus)). The specimens are subdivided into 16 body parts, as their identification was done personally, helping to discern between, for example, middle to distal caudals. Graphical representations are proposed at the end of each appendix. In Appendix 5, specimens belonging to Morphotype C from four museum collections are compared to each other, treated as different “populations”, with graphical distributions and codification for the linear regression, the latter done in the software SPSS. Appendix 6 is a complete schematical description of all caudal vertebrae from Morphotype C, reporting measurements and type of injuries/deformations. Although the studied specimens are listed in Appendix 2 to 4, their osteology is extensively described in Appendix 7, grouped per body regions between the three morphotypes. Some of the most peculiar and/or uncertain specimens were scanned via a microCT device, and their descriptions are reported in Appendix 8. A wide number of caudal neural spines from Appendix 4 are extensively described in Appendix 9 and listed in tables together with the angulation of the bending of the pathological spines. The final Appendix 10 corresponds to the published article about the palaeopathologies detected in the holotype of Parasaurolophus walkeri during the collection visit at the Royal Ontario Museum (Canada). The palaeopathological analysis provided an unexpected reevaluation of the neck musculature of the species. Included below is a list of the current filenames of the dataset and the corresponding thesis chapter in which they first appeared with original short file name: Appendix1: List of the published palaeopathological specimens in ornithopoda = Appendix1_Chapter2_Published_pathologies Appendix 2: List of palaeopathological specimens recognised in basal ornithopods (e.g. Dryosaurus) = Appendix2_Chapter3_MorphotypeA Appendix 3: List of palaeopathological specimens recognised in “intermediate” ornithopods (e.g. Iguanodon) = Appendix3_Chapter3_MorphotypeB Appendix 4: List of palaeopathological specimens recognised in derived ornithopods (e.g. Edmontosaurus) = Appendix4_Chapter3_MorphotypeC Appendix 5: Statistical overview and analysis of four museum collections of hadrosaurid specimens = Appendix5_Chapter3_Analysis Appendix 6: Schematical description of hadrosaurid caudal vertebrae = Appendix6_Chapter3_CaudalVertebrae Appendix 7: Osteological and pathological description of the palaeopathological specimens from the three morphotypes = Appendix7_Chapter3_DescriptionPathologicalBones Appendix 8: Internal anatomy of hadrosaurid pathological bones using microtomographic scanning = Appendix8_Chapter3_CTscans Appendix 9: Isolated caudal neural spines: Osteological description, pathologies and measurements = Appendix9_Chapter5_DescriptionMatingInjuries Appendix 10: Publication about the palaeopathological description of the injuries in the holotype of Parasaurolophus walkeri = Appendix10_Bertozzo et al 2020 The current dataset files are embargoed until 31 Dec 2026
Visualisation of user stories to UML use case diagram
No full textThe growing usage of Agile methodology in software development projects among industry professionals (software engineers, system analysts, requirement engineers, etc.) and academia (software engineering students) leads to the need for the implementation of UML diagram for requirements modelling. Use case diagram, an example of UML diagram, is a very powerful tool to model the requirements specified by the users while also helping the development teams understand the functionalities and interactions between users and the system. However, there is a lack of a system or tool that can perform the operation to visualise the use case diagram directly from user stories because generating this diagram manually requires a deep understanding of the requirements and effective communications with stakeholders and it consume lots of time while previous studies which relate to this study are unable to fulfil the relationship elements of use case diagram. This study will introduce a method to visualise the use case diagram from structured textual user stories by utilising Natural Language Processing (NLP) and application of logical rules which will be done in four stages, namely Requirement Gathering, Natural Language Processing, Application of Logical Rules and UML Diagram Generation. A tool named Stanford CoreNLP will be used to perform four techniques of NLP: tokenisation, stemming and lemmatisation, POS tagging and dependency parsing to process the textual user stories, followed by applying the logical rules before generating the use case diagram. This study will propose a method to solve the gap, which is the problem with the generation of relationship elements, while contribute a semi-automated approach to generate a use case diagram from user stories
Conclusion: Towards gender-egalitarian family policies
No full textThis book offers insight into the experience of women and men in families across the globe today. Gendered division of labour is evident in all countries examined in this volume, even in the Nordic countries, which are considered to be the most gender-equal. However, inequalities in employment, unpaid work, and family policies and practices are more noticeable in East Asian counties, where women continue to take more responsibility for childcare and domestic work. Gendered patterns of policy-use are also apparent, as women are more likely than men to avail of childcare leave policies. Developing more gender-responsive policies to encourage men’s involvement in care, together with a shift in organisational culture to allow men to adopt flexible working patterns, therefore will be crucial if the gender disparity arising from the negative impact of these factors on women’s career progression is to be eradicated
The roles of switching and inhibition in adult counterintuitive scientific thinking
No full textLearning science often appears to involve replacement of naïve, intuitive ideas with correct, counterintuitive ones. Recent studies indicate that the old naïve, intuitive ideas are not actually replaced but exist alongside the correct but often counterintuitive ones. On this account, newer knowledge for scientific thinking might involve inhibition of the old idea. However, instead of merely inhibiting old ideas, it is possible that switching is necessary to select between new and old scientific ideas. In this study, we explored the direct and indirect contributions of behavioural inhibition, cognitive inhibition and switching to intuitive and counterintuitive science reasoning in adults (N = 167). After replicating the commonly observed processing costs of counterintuitive items relative to intuitive ones, we find that individual differences in switching rather than in inhibition are most strongly associated with variation in the accuracy and speed of adult intuitive and counterintuitive science reasoning. These results suggest that adults switch between older and newer ideas when reasoning about science rather than suppressing one in favour of the other